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PubMedDate not supplied

Compression modalities and dressings: their use in venous ulcers.

Among the standard of care for venous ulcer treatment are the use of compression therapy to reverse the effect of venous hypertension and the use of occlusive dressings to maintain a moist wound-healing environment and for treatment of abnormalities of the ulcer bed. The use of multilayered elastic bandages for compression in patients with normal arterial flow currently provides the treatment with the highest level of evidence for treatment of venous ulcers. Additionally, treatment of the ulcer bed, especially with cadexemer iodine dressings, is also supported by evidence from randomized controlled trials, whereas newer dressings provide less well proven alternative opportunities to speed the healing of venous ulcers.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

Effect of non-eugenol- and eugenol-containing periodontal dressings on the incidence and severity of pain after periodontal soft tissue surgery.

This study examines the incidence and severity of postoperative pain after gingivectomy using one non-eugenol-containing periodontal dressing, Coe-pak (n = 76) and 2 eugenol-containing periodontal dressings, Wondrpak (n = 64) and Nobetec (n = 86). All patients were subjected to gingivectomy using 1 type of local anaesthesia (lidocaine + adrenalin) only and covering the surgical areas with either of the 3 different dressings in a randomized study. Postoperative pain was assessed on 100 mm visual analogue scales over 5 days starting immediately after surgery. No pain was reported by 22.0% of the patients after Coe-pak, 23.4% after Wondrpak and 30.2% after Nobetec. 13.2% of the patients took analgesics after Coe-pak treatment, 3.1% after Wondrpak and 1.2% after Nobetec. Mean pain score after Coe-pak was higher (P less than 0.05) than after Nobetec 2 h after operation until the morning on the 3rd postoperative day. Mean pain score after Coe-pak was higher (P less than 0.05) than after Wondrpak 3 h to 9 h after operation. No statistically significant difference was found between Wondrpak and Nobetec regarding mean pain score.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Postoperative pain experience after gingivectomies using different combinations of local anaesthetic agents and periodontal dressings.

The present study examines postoperative pain experience following 243 gingivectomies in Norwegian patients using possible combinations of 3 local anaesthetics (lidocaine-adrenalin, prilocaine-felypressin or mepivacaine) and 3 periodontal dressings (Coe-pak, Wondrpak or Nobetec). When Coe-pak was used, the mean pain score was higher (P less than 0.05) in the group treated with lidocaine-adrenalin 4 to 6 h after gingivectomy than the groups treated with prilocaine-felypressin or mepivacaine. There was no significant difference between the groups treated with prilocaine-felypressin or mepivacaine. When Wondrpak or Nobetec were used, there was no significant difference between any of the local anaesthetics used. The present finding shows that the local anaesthetic combination of lidocaine-adrenalin (1:80,000) gives rise to a higher mean postoperative pain experience after gingivectomy than prilocaine-felypressin or mepivacaine. However, the relative difference in pain experience seen after gingivectomy when using the present local anaesthetic agents is masked when using an eugenol-containing periodontal dressing. Thus, the higher pain experience reported after lidocaine-adrenalin may only be clinically important when using periodontal dressings without local anaesthetic components such as eugenol.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Reduced cellular toxicity of a new silver-containing antimicrobial dressing and clinical performance in non-healing wounds.

Bacterial colonisation of wounds may delay wound healing. Modern silver-containing dressings are antimicrobial, yet cellular toxicity is a serious side-effect. We provide data for a newly formulated silver-containing ointment dressing, Atrauman Ag, for antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity. Atrauman Ag effectively killed a panel of commensal skin as well as pathogenic bacterial strains while cytotoxicity for HaCaT keratinocytes was only around 10%. With these favourable in vitro tests, Atrauman Ag was analysed in 86 patients with traumatic and non-healing wounds of different aetiologies. The wound state was evaluated for 3 subsequent dressing changes. The slough score was reduced from 59.2 to 35.8%, granulation tissue increased from 27 to 40% and epithelialisation went up from 12.1 to 24%. We conclude that Atrauman Ag has a superior profile of antimicrobial activity over cellular toxicity and the low silver ion release rate may prevent interference with wound-healing mechanisms.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Single versus double occlusive dressing technique to minimize infusion thrombophlebitis: Vialon and Teflon cannulae reassessed.

Infusion thrombophlebitis is the commonest complication of intravenous cannulation. This study was undertaken to prospectively evaluate a double-occlusive dressing technique and a new cannula, bismuth oxide-Teflon (Critikon Inc., Aust.), comparing it to Vialon (Deseret Medical Inc., Utah, USA). The study group of two hundred patients had a 16 gauge intravenous cannula inserted in theatre using a standard technique. The incidence of thrombophlebitis was determined on a daily basis. Cannula tips were sent for culture on removal. Vialon was found to be superior to Teflon after day 1. Although a double-occlusive dressing technique increased the duration of cannulation (50.9 vs. 41.9 hours, P less than 0.05), there was no difference in the incidence of thrombophlebitis. Neither cannula material nor dressing technique had an influence on the results of cannula tip culture (6% incidence). There was no evidence of bacteraemia in any case.

Bacteria↗
PubMed2004

Dressings in the management of open surgical wounds.

This article looks at wound dressings, comparing traditional ribbon gauze dressing with occlusive dressings, focusing on the use of calcium alginates. The author looks at the nursing responsibilities concerning the choice of wound products from a professional and ethical perspective. She makes important recommendations about how this knowledge can be integrated into nursing practice in the operating theatre.

Alginates↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mefilm: an adherent polyurethane dressing for superficial wounds.

Research has demonstrated that wounds heal faster in a moist environment. Film dressings are used to promote a moist environment. Mefilm is part of the Mölnlycke Health Care chronic wound care system and is a gentle, adherent polyurethane dressing. This product focus discusses the development of the semi-permeable film dressing, Mefilm, examining its uses, application and removal.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Transorbent hydrocellular wound dressing from Maersk Medical.

This article describes the healing process and explores the role of wound dressings in promoting the formation of granulation tissue. With so many products available it is important that nurses base their decisions on known clinical effectiveness and the best available evidence. Transorbent hydrocellular dressing from Maersk Medical is reviewed along with research into its efficacy. To determine the value of Transorbent in today's dynamic wound care arena, the literature will be examined and the product's ability to fulfil the criteria for the ideal wound dressing will be considered.

Humans↗
PubMed1996

Dressings for treating cavity wounds.

Two treatment protocols for the management of patients with non-infected cavity wounds were studied, using data obtained from both the community and the outpatients clinic. Patients were treated with either a polyurethane foam hydrophilic dressing (Allevyn) or a calcium sodium alginate dressing (Kaltostat). Although alginate fibres were found to be incorporated in tissue, both dressing regimes were found to be easy to use, effective and acceptable to patients and clinicians.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

The use of silver sulphadiazine occlusive dressings for finger-tip injuries.

A prospective trial was performed, comparing the use of silver sulphadiazine occlusive dressings with Fucidin gauze compressive dressings in the treatment of injuries to the finger-tip in patients presenting at the casualty department. Sixty-four patients were seen, four of whom had severe injury with extensive loss of pulp. The time taken for the wound to heal, the incidence of infection, and the duration of absence from work were compared for both types of treatment. The results showed that silver sulphadiazine occlusive dressings were the most effective in the treatment of these injuries even when they were severe.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

A comparison of a periodontal dressing and chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwash after the internal bevelled flap procedure.

A group of 15 patients requiring comparable bilateral internal bevelled flap procedures took part in a study to compare the clinical results achieved when a dressing or chlorhexidine mouthwash was used during the first postoperative week. Initial preoperative conditions were comparable. At the end of the first postoperative week, significantly more plaque accumulated and the sulcus bleeding index was significantly higher on the dressing treated side. At 1 month and 3 months postoperatively the sulcus bleeding indices were below preoperative levels for both treated sides with no significant differences between the sides. A significant and comparable reduction in pocket depths occurred following the two postoperative treatments. Subjectively recorded pain scores demonstrated that more pain was experienced on the dressing treated side, particularly during the first 4 postoperative days. More patients preferred the mouthwash as a postoperative treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

The incidence of transient bacteremia during periodontal dressing change.

Twenty patients undergoing treatment for periodontal disease and not receiving antibiotics, volunteered to donate blood for culture studies to determine the incidence of transient bateremia during the dressing change and suture removal 1 week after periodontal surgery. Each patient contributed 20 ml of blood prior to the dressing change and an additional 20 ml during suture removal. The samples were cultured both aerobically and anaerobically. Bacteria were demonstrated in five out of 20 postoperative cultures (25%). This incidence approached statistical significance at the 0.05 level using Chi-square analysis with a Yates correction. All species were identified as belonging to the genus streptococcus. None of the blood specimens obtained prior to dressing change exhibited bacterial growth. Although the incidence of bacteremia in this study was not statistically significant at the 0.05 level, it may be clinically significant that five out of 20 patients demonstrated transient bacteremia. Commercial materials and equipment are identified in this report to specify the investigative procedures. Such identification does not imply recommendation or endorsement or that the materials and equipment are necessarily the best available for the purpose. Furthermore, the opinions expressed herein are those of the author and are not to be construed as those of the Army Medical Department.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1987

HydroColloid dressing (Duoderm) for the treatment of superficial and deep partial thickness burns.

HydroColloid Dressing (Duoderm, HCD) is a new kind of dressing, based on the fact that occlusion can provide an optimum wound environment for quick re-epithelialization. Seventy patients with superficial and deep partial thickness burns of up to 7% TBSA were treated with HCD. In 16 patients a second burned area, similar in size and depth of the burn treated with HCD, was treated with human allografts or silversulfadiazine (SSD). Five patients with very small full thickness burns were also treated with HCD. In three patients (4.5%) the treatment with HCD had to be discontinued before total re-epithelialization had occurred, for various reasons. Statistically, HCD provided faster re-epithelialization than allografts or SSD. The cosmetic and functional results were excellent. After six months only one patient was found to have a small area of hypertrophy. In this study HCD was found to be a very good dressing for the treatment of smaller partial thickness burns.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Varihesive sealed dressing for indolent leg ulcers.

Forty-three patients with indolent leg ulcers that were resistant to a wide variety of treatment methods for an average period of 353 weeks, were treated by the application of sealed dressings with Varihesive (a compound of gelatin, pectin, sodium carboxymethyl-cellulose and polyisobutylene) a non-allergenic wafer which sticks to a moist surface. Varihesive dressings proved to be effective both in affording pain relief, and in allowing healing of 36 out of 43 ulcers (84%) in a mean time of 10 weeks. It is concluded that such a non-allergenic seal provides optimum conditions for reepithelialization of chronic ulcers and that Varihesive dressings are a valuable adjunct in the local treatment of skin ulceration.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The use of silver-based dressings in wound care.

Chronic wounds such as leg ulcers and pressure ulcers are often slow to heal. One of the causes of delayed wound healing is the presence of micro-organisms in the wound. A strategy for the prevention and treatment of wound colonisation or infection, which is receiving renewed attention, is the use of silver-based dressings. Silver has been used as an antimicrobial agent for centuries. It is effective against a broad range of bacteria (including methicillin and vancomycin-resistant strains), yeast, fungi and viruses. A number of new silver-based dressings, some of which act by the sustained release of silver ions to the wound bed, have recently become available, but there are wide variations in the amount of data supporting the use of individual products. This article reviews the evidence base for silver-containing dressings to help practitioners select the most appropriate product for the type of wound being treated.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Wound dressings. Past, present, and future.

The discovery that "moist" dressings can promote faster healing has led to a number of innovations in wound care. Modern dressings are playing an active part in the healing process and, in the future, will be condition-specific rather than offering off-the-shelf solutions. Focusing on hydrocolloids and alginates, which are used in bioactive dressings, this article reviews the developments that have been made to date, and includes discussion of the demands being made on the manufacturing process.

Alginates↗
PubMed2000

A simple, cost effective, innovative method of securing burns dressing.

An easy, simple way of securing the burns dressing has been described. This is achieved by using an ordinary office stapler and staple pins. The use of long, encircling gauze bandages for fixation of burns wound dressings around the torso and extremities, is eliminated. This article describes the use of this innovative, cost effective, quick, easy and simple method of fixation of burns wound dressings.

Burns↗