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Hydatid disease in Wales: 2. Eradication.

The importance of hydatid disease in man and domesticated animals in Britain, and particularly in Wales, is reviewed. While the disease occurs throughout Wales the rural population in Powys shows the highest rate as estimated by hospital records and serological findings. The losses due to offal condemnation in sheep and cattle are estimated as at least 250,000. It is suggested that the feasibility of an area eradication scheme for Wales should be investigated; the form which this scheme might take is outlined.

Animals↗

The effects of war on the control of diseases of livestock in Rhodesia (Zimbabwe).

The disruption of veterinary services in the tribal areas of Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) during seven years of conflict resulted in serious epidemics of disease. The cessation of dipping was followed by the death of an estimated one million cattle from tick-borne disease. Heavy mortality followed the disruption of control measures for trypanosomiasis. Foot-and-mouth disease and anthrax spread widely in the tribal areas. Rabies, normally restricted to areas bordering Botswana and Mocambique, became widespread. A marked increase in human deaths from anthrax and rabies occurred.

Anaplasmosis↗

Thymomas in domestic animals.

A retrospective study of 15 thymomas in domestic animals showed four animals had antemortem signs of dyspnea and grossly visible lumps in the thoracic inlet. The neoplasms were single, multilobulated, encapsulated masses in the anterior mediastinum or thoracic inlet. Cells with clear cytoplasm comprised the bulk of two canine thymomas, whereas the remaining neoplasms had a mixed population of ovoid and spindle-shaped cells. There were lymphocyte populations of varying density in all thymomas. Three thymomas contained structures similar to hyalinized cells and Hassall's corpuscles of normal thymus. Metastatic lesions were not seen but there were implantations on the pericardium in one cat. There was capsular invasion in the ovine thymomas.

Animals↗

Pyometra in a bitch.

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Abortion, Veterinary↗

Clinicopathological manifestations of selected neoplasms.

This report provides a general overview of the pathobiology of neoplasia, and an update on the clinicopathological manifestations of lymphosarcoma, mastocytoma, histiocytoma, melanoma, sarcoid and circumanal gland tumors in domestic animals. Neoplasia represents a continuum of events from reversible hyperplasia to irreversible and pathological changes in tissue growth patterns. In some instances the causes of this disease process have been identified, but the etiology of the majority of naturally occurring neoplasms remain unknown. Surgical excision is the preferred treatment for tumors, but is often more beneficial when combined with chemotherapy, radiotherapy or immunotherapy. The successful diagnosis and management of neoplastic disease in domestic animals necessitates a thorough awareness of the clinical presentation and biologic behavior of specific tumors on the part of veterinarians who provide health care for these species.

Anal Gland Neoplasms↗

Immunoperoxidase reaction in diagnosis of rabies.

The results obtained by staining impression smears prepared from rabies positive brains revealed that with Seller's stain, Negribodies were detected in 76.28% specimens, whereas direct fluorescent antibody technique (FAT) and direct immunoperoxidase (IP) technique detected rabies antigen in 92.50% and 91.36% of brains respectively. This indicates that for giving rapid diagnosis Seller's stain may be of value but negative result does not rule out positive result. Direct FAT and direct IP were found sensitive and IP can replace FAT and is more sensitive than Sellers. Paraffin embedded sections were stained by Massignani Malferrari method, direct FAT and direct IP. All the three methods were found equally specific and sensitive. Direct FAT is only possible when fluorescent microscope is available. Its disadvantage is its impermanancy. Nonspecific reactions are also seen. These disadvantages can largely be avoided by employing direct IP since the method does not require a special kind of microscope, it can keep for a long time and it can be studied under electron microscope if desired. This test can also replace direct FAT in examining impression smears where fluorescent microscope is not available. Horseradish peroxidase from SIGMA, USA, type VI, RZ 3.0 was found most suitable.

Animals↗