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Some observations on temporal coding of color vision: psychophysical results.
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Color vision and endoscopic diagnosis.
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Light wavelength and energy preferences of the bullfrog: evidence for color vision.
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Proceedings: Color vision by rods.
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Molecular bases of color vision in vertebrates.
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Temporal summation and its limit for wavelength changes: an analog of Bloch's law for color vision.
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Chromatic Mach bands: behavioral evidence for lateral inhibition in human color vision.
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[To test color vision is also important].
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[On the origin of color vision in man].
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[Color vision defects in school children].
1,350 schoolchildren, ages 11 and 14, from Palma de Mallorca, were explored looking for colour vision defects. The medical examination was performed through Ishihara tables (numbers or letters). There was not anomaloscopy to confirm the first results. We compare our prevalence with other known prevalence from Europe. Different outcomes (learning disability, effect on employment) are discussed.
Heredity, color vision, and alcoholism.
Ninety-two Cree individuals were tested with the Farnsworth-Munsell 100-Hue Test (FM = 100). Information concerning racial membership, age, sex, and drinking behavior was collected. High error scores (for the FM-100) were found in this Cree population. Alcoholic individuals (both abstinent and nonabstinent) had higher error scores than a comparable population of nonalcoholic Cree individuals from the same population. Implications concerning the etiology of alcoholism are discussed.
[Impairment of color vision in glaucoma].
The paper presents the results of the administration of simple tests (CUCVT and Ishihara plates) to 54 glaucomatous patients, in comparison with 23 non-glaucomatous individuals with arterial hypertension and other cardio-vascular diseases. We studied the glaucomatous patients in order to find out the value of CUCVT, recently introduced and scarcely used in Romania. We believe that the test is valuable and could be used preferentially in monitoring glaucoma.
[Color vision defect. A early sign of Sorsby retinal dystrophy?].
In 34 asymptomatic patients from three families at 50% risk of developing Sorsby's fundus dystrophy, colour contrast sensitivity was measured. In 16 the thresholds--mainly of the tritan axis--were raised above the normal values. It is concluded that testing of colour vision is useful in detecting the abnormal genotype. Raised colour contrast sensitivity was not observed before the first fundus or fluorescein angiographic changes in two of the families, while the colour defect occurred in the absence of ophthalmoscopic abnormality in the third family. Therefore, our results support the clinical suggestion that Sorsby's fundus dystrophy is more than one disease.
Modification by fluoangiography of color vision in diabetic patients.
Fluoangiography causes in diabetics a temporary increase of the number of errors when reading Birch and SPP II pseudoisochromatic plates, especially in case of macular edema and for tritan plates. Other experiments show that this change is more due to an increased filter effect by the fluorescein accumulation than to the increase of glare by the flashes for photography. Measurements of the foveal spectral increment threshold sensitivity curves does not show impairment of the blue mechanism by fluoangiography; on the contrary the green and red mechanisms become less sensitive.
Color vision and age.
The results of pseudoisochromatic tests (TMC Ishihara, AOH-R-R) are relatively independent of age. In the Panel D-15, the NCT box 6/4 and the desaturated panel, ageing goes hand in hand with blue-yellow confusions. Fault-positive red-green confusions result from D8/2 examination. For the FM 100 Hue test and the Anomaloscope Nagel, the data found in the literature are confirmed. In nuclear cataract there is no increased shift of the Rayleigh equation towards the green, but towards the red.
[Color vision in glaucoma].
The author presents an account on the results of examinations of colour vision in patients with ocular hypertension and open angle glaucoma using three tests according to Farnsworth-Munsell (100 Hue test, Roth's 28 Hue test, Lanthony's desaturated panel D-15). He proves significant deterioration of colour differentiation in groups of patients with glaucoma and ocular hypertension as compared with a reference group and within the group. Although there is deterioration of colour differentiation in the entire spectrum, disorders in the blue-yellow and blue-green area predominate.
Detection of gene alteration for color vision defects by polymerase chain reaction.
According to the fact that the abnormalities of visual pigment genes were always involved in the changing of the exon 5, two oligonucleotide primers were designed to amplify the exon 5 of red pigment gene and green pigment gene. After electrophoresis of the PCR products digested with Rsal or Sau3A, the DNA fragments from the exon 5 of red pigment gene (RPG) and green pigment gene (GPG) were separated since there are different restriction endonuclease sites. On the other hand, we analyzed the exon 5 related fragment by Southern blot hybridization with probe out of the 3' end of the fourth intron of green pigment gene. The results of PCR are consistent with nucleic acid hybridization. PCR technique will be of value in prenatal evaluation and genetic counselling.