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At least 883 records · Page 49Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Cauhépé-Fieux syndrome. Interception in the deciduous dentition of mid-face hypoplasia].

Inadequate transverse development of the milk dentition alveolar arcade (Cauhepe-Fieux syndrome) may have important effects on the constitution of facial architecture and in the medium term require orthognathic surgery. The acquisition of dental arcade contact on deglutition is only possible after normalization of the dimensions of the arch of the palate. The recommended suture inducing prosthesis should obligatorily include intercalating molar plates designed to overcome inadequate occlusion during treatment (on average 9 months). Both stimulation of growth at the level of the intermaxillary suture in this age group, and the stability of the results obtained, have been demonstrated after a period of follow up of more than 10 years taking into account the cybernetic aspects of the studies carried out by Professor Petrovic.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1989

[Spontaneous secretion of growth hormone in deep nocturnal sleep. II. Studies on hypophyseal dwarfism and constitutional developmental delay].

To evaluate the somatotropic function of the pituitary, the measurement of the spontaneous nocturnal secretion of GH is a rather suitable method. Whereas the provocation tests check the capacity of the gland after intensive stimulation, spontaneous secretion reflects the behaviour of the hypothalamohypophyseal system under everyday conditions. The investigation of 65 children with pituitary dwarfism showed in all cases a strong diminution of the GH secretion. Overlapping with the control group was hardly seen. The maxima measured during sleep were identical with those reached in the provocation tests. The subdivision in complete and partial GH deficiencies is more precise with measuring the spontaneous secretion than with provocation tests. Nocturnal spontaneous GH secretion was determined in 128 patients with constitutional delay of growth and adolescence. Also in these children provocation tests were performed simultaneously. Spontaneous GH secretion was found significantly diminished in all stages of puberty, compared to the controls (p less than or equal to 0.01). By contrast, the provocation tests showed no significant differences from controls. According to these results, the retarded growth of the patients is due to a relative GH deficiency. As is evident from the normal results of the provocation tests, no organic insufficiency of the pituitary is demonstrable. Rather a cybernetic disorder is responsible for the reduced hormone secretion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[The physician and the computer. 30. Evaluation of time, different aspects of the same problem].

The authors mention different ways in which a give problem can be described within the framework of the theory of sets, logic, mathematical analysis, statistic and cybernetics. As an example of the confrontation of the mentioned aspects they discuss different approaches to the evaluation of time as a variable--temporal logic, Markov chains, theory of catastrophes which play a part in medicine, in particular in prognostic considerations. These different aspects make possible solutions which may differ and their application depends in particular on the purpose for which they are intended.

Logic↗
PubMed1989

[Construction and testing of a strain gauge for measuring masticatory force].

The main objective of this study was to establish and test a measuring system for monitoring occlusal forces and force cycles during mastication. A measuring module using strain gauge transducers was incorporated in the bridge-pontic of a three part test bridgework. A load cell was used intraorally for loading and calibration. The test bridges were incorporated in the patient's mouth and calibrated in vivo using variable loads. The recording system was a special intensifying and processing system (Alpha 3000, Hottinger-Baldwin Messtechnik, Darmstadt, West Germany). The percentage errors registered for every test bridge in various in-vitro tests were below 2%. Clinically, occlusal forces resulting during chewing of 4 types of food of different consistency were measured in 5 subjects. The results were shown as continuous force cycles which reflect cybernetic guidance patterns of the masticatory system.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Sequence of diagnostic methods in destructive lung diseases].

Of 240 examinees with different pulmonary pathology 100 verified cases of destructive diseases were selected. Nine diagnostic methods were applied to them. The effectiveness of each method was evaluated, and 3 strategies of the diagnosis of pulmonary destructive diseases were proposed. The cybernetic mathematical apparatus was used.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1988

Adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS): the pathophysiologic role of catecholamine-kinin interactions.

The pathophysiology of the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) seems to be based on a cybernetic imbalance of the central nervous system (CNS), with activation of secondary peripheral effectors (PE). Lung vascular hyperpermeability is a crucial feature of PE actions in ARDS. Kinins (Bk), as PE, are important vascular hyperpermeability-inducing factors, with potential participation in ARDS induction. To test this hypothesis, we produced experimental ARDS in male Wistar rats using the anterior hypothalamic nuclei lesion model. Adrenalectomy, adrenal demedullation and denervation, alpha-adrenergic blockade, and catecholamine (CA) depletion reduced ARDS severity whereas beta-adrenergic blocking and CA uptake I inhibition resulted in a potentiated aspect. The Bk depletion or inhibition of the generation of these peptides resulted in attenuation of the pathologic features of ARDS. Bk half-life prolongation produced intense potentiation of the respiratory syndrome. This work suggests that Bk and CA systems are interactive and interdependent in their pathogenic actions on lungs in ARDS, involving, probably, a reciprocally-activating mechanism.

Adrenal Medulla↗
PubMed1988

[Possibilities of neural therapy in internal medicine].

Neural therapy is the diagnostic-therapeutic application of local anaesthetics, in order to be able to treat functional, painful, reversible diseases, disturbed regulations including inflammations. The results of the cure are to be explained by complex neurophysiologic, electrophysiologic, molecularbiologic, immunologic, humoral and thus cybernetic courses of reaction. Neural therapy is to be used under two complexes. Firstly, symptomatically in the segment as weal, in trigger points, on and in joint structures, in vessels, muscular and tendon attachments, sympathetic-parasympathetic ganglia in order to cause a regulating effect, for instance by interruption of nociceptive afferences, blocking of sympathetic efferent reflexes in the sense of the sympathetic reflex dystrophy. Secondly, causally at the focus of disturbance or in the peripheral irritation centre, which may be a scar, the nasopharyngeal space, the abdomen, the spine and other things, in order to eliminate the cause of the disturbance. From the variety of the effects of the local anaesthetics, like membrane stabilizing, antihistaminic, catecholamine-decreasing, choline receptor inhibiting, antiarrhythmic at the cardiac muscle results their multifarious use, also in internal medicine. The neural therapy is effective, economic, poor in side effects, closes therapeutic gaps and is well to be combined with other successful medical treatments, especially of reflex-therapeutic kind. Exact clinical diagnostics, good knowledge in anatomy, technical ability of the therapeutist as well as theoretical basic knowledge are prerequisite for the use of the neural therapy.

Anesthetics, Local↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Enthesopathies. Radiography and xeroradiography compared].

The term "enthesis" designates the sites of tendon, ligament and articular capsule insertion to bone. Entheses are fundamental to the cybernetic regulation and correlation of postural and motion functions in the body. They also hold a key position in the locomotor system diseases. "Enthesopathy" is a disease occurring at these sites (primary enthesopathy), which can occur alone or together with different disorders, including inflammatory, degenerative, metabolic and traumatic conditions (secondary enthesopathy). Enthesopathy may lead to articular and non-articular manifestations: common sites of involvement include the spine and pelvis, femoral trochanter, humeral tuberosity, patella, olecranon and calcaneus. In acute enthesopathy, all the signs of acute inflammation may be present. In subacute or chronic forms, pain and tenderness localized in the entheses are found. Radiographic patterns include bone erosion, hyperostosis (enthesophytes), bone fragmentation and crystal deposits.

Bone Diseases↗
PubMed1987

[New paradigms in human sciences].

In this paper, the author describes the jump of paradigm in Human Sciences the conceptual model introduced by G. Bateson implies inasmuch as it shifts emphasis from the analysis of facts to formal organization of reality, and defines 'mental' as a concept which comprehends an organism with relation to its surroundings. The author reviews the main ideas Bateson extracted from both the systems theory and cybernetics in order to outline his 'ecology of human mind'. The complexity of psychosocial processes, however, requires no such mechanical models--i.e. 'less mechanical' ones--to explain time as a continuum in which changes in human systems occur, for instance. Thus, systems dynamics and recursivity models including a multiplicity of feedback loops contribute with some useful constructs. Finally, some ideas developed within 'hard sciences', applied to Social Sciences to integrate the complexity of the goals are also discussed.

Humans↗
PubMed1986

Antineoplastons: history of the research (I).

Antineoplastons are naturally-occurring peptides and amino acid derivatives which control neoplastic growth. The theory of antineoplastons was conceived through the application of the cybernetic theory of autonomous systems to studies of peptides in human blood. The original research began in 1967, when it was noticed that there were significant differences in the peptide content in the serum of cancer patients as compared with the control group. Since similar peptide fractions were isolated from urine, a research programme was established for the identification of antineoplastic peptides from urine. Medicinal use of urine and urine extracts has been known for centuries in ancient Egypt, Greece, Rome, India and North and Central America. In modern times, the first study of growth-inhibiting substances in urine was conducted in 1937. The research on urinary peptides has a long history and was initiated by a Polish researcher, S. Bondzynski, in 1897. Antineoplastons were found to be completely different from peptides and amino acid derivatives isolated from urine by other authors. Research on antineoplastons led to the isolation of different peptide fractions from urine, named Antineoplaston A1, A2, A3, A4 and A5, which possessed high anticancer activity and low toxicity. The first active component was identified as 3-phenylacetylamino-2,6-piperidinedione and was named Antineoplaston A10. Two synthetic derivatives of Antineoplaston A10 were named Antineoplaston AS2-1 and AS2-5. All antineoplaston formulations were submitted for Phase I clinical studies in advanced cancer patients. The treatment was free from significant side-effects and resulted in objective response in a number of advanced cancer cases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

History, 19th Century↗
PubMed1986

[Our responsibility to children].

The significant advances in medicine during this century have led to a shift in emphasis in paediatrics: whilst two thirds of all infant deaths still result from complications during the neonatal period, the sudden infant death syndrome has come to the fore, and in older children accidents and malignant disease account for most deaths. Chronic illness, physical disabilities and psychological disturbance are constantly gaining increased importance. I suggest four principal answers to the problems concerning children today: Scientific research taking into account the child's personality as a basis of real progress: Accentuation of health education in paediatrics; Training of cybernetic thinking--with respect to the child as a psychosomatic unity, the multifactorial pathogenesis of several diseases, and interdisciplinary teamwork between doctors and scientists. Empathetic attitude to the child as a special entity and wholly valid human being, with specific needs at each stage of development.

Austria↗
PubMed1985

The repair-misrepair model in radiobiology: comparison to other models.

Biological phenomena related to the inactivation of eukaryotic cells by noxious agents have been formulated mathematically in the repair-misrepair (RMR) model by separately quantitating the initial submicroscopic production of molecular lesions and the later, macroscopic expression of effects in the course of cell progression and repair. This paper presents some conceptual and quantitative similarities and differences between the RMR and seven other models proposed for cellular radiobiology including: the linear-quadratic, three-lambda, cubic-survival, target theory, hit-size probability, cybernetic, and lethal-potentially lethal models. The comparison of the various approaches has shown that the RMR model can be generalized to show relationships with each.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Attempt at a preliminary reply to Renan's question, "De quoi vivra-t-on après nous?" Thoughts of a pedagogue on the natural history of an anticipated horizon].

The problems of contemporary mankind are the result of a dismal mechanism: All conscious planning is the anticipated result of an action; the accompanying side effects, referred to by the German philosopher W. Wundt (1832-1920) as "Heterogenie der Zwecke" (heterogeny of purposes), are, as a rule, not given serious thought. The more complex a system, the more unintelligible and impenetrable is the map of possible side effects. The best known responses to this situation are the so-called "Kritische Theorie" (Adorno u. Horkheimer 1969), Cybernetics, "Science assessment", the program of the "Club of Rome": "No limits to learning: bridging the human gap". Certain forms of contemporary nihilism appear to be resulting from these responses which are demonstrating man's powerlessness in respect to complex systems. Traditional public education neglects consequential thinking, i.e. the consideration of possible side effects, in preference to purely technical effect-thinking. Neither the excessive complexity of contemporary systems nor nihilism will be overcome without the resuming of old virtues, without recalling the tragic tenor of life and without changing the mind (metanoia).

Cultural Characteristics↗
PubMed1979

[Evaluation of research findings of potassium metabolism through biological modeling].

The cybernetic modelling of the water balance and the electrolyte balance has a heuristic value for the physiology and pathophysiology, by clearing up connections and open problems. This concerns problems of regulation size and regulation extension, but also the validity of reference values. Under this aspect is referred to the significance of steady state, input- and output inbalances and of the static and dynamic characteristics in the examination of the functional performance of the regulation circle. The static and dynamic compartment modelling is discussed at the instance of the potassium balance and exemplarily confirmed by findings of examinations. Here is referred to the special information value of the dynamic compartment analyse, as apart from the pool sizes (capacities) also intracorporal turnover rates (effects) are established.

Humans↗
PubMed1977

[Epilepsy and neural science. Critical review].

The nature of, and the knowledge about epilepsy, still under discussion is based upon clinical and experimental data, gathered from the last century until the present date and accepted now as scientific knowledge. The epileptic phenomenon interpreted as the outcome of a disturbance of the central regulation, of neuronal excitation and of the cerebral electric and biochemical equilibrium, is still subject of permanent study and review. From a cybernetic point of view, the epileptic fit can appear as the first expression of an abnormal organization process, or as the outcome of an electrical disturbance within a neuronal regulation circuit. This article is an attempt to review such concepts and to analyze their clinical implications.

Brain↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Simultaneous diagnosis and simultaneous therapy in a clinical-psychosomatic station].

According to modern understanding, bodily, spiritual and social symptoms are seen as the expression of a kind of transmissive disturbance. One could just as well speak of a disturbance in the cybernetic control systems. In this context we understand simultaneous diagnostics and therapy as a proper technique for the understanding and treatment of psychosomatic illnesses. In simultaneous diagnostics and therapy, it is not a matter of adding-up the various symptoms, but rather a matterof an independent method of integrating the various areas. As can be seen in a statistical evaluation of the patients in the clinical psychosomatic station in 1975, a few characteristic tendencies could be traced. By a listing of the frequency of complaints and the correlation with somatic findings, a somatic diagnosis could be found in 60% of the patients. With 36% of the patients no definite connection could be found between the somatic diagnosis, that is the clinical diagnosis, and the main complaints. Besides that, the duration of the symptoms was determined. Important new viewpoints were found in the psychological area in a total of 27 patients and in the somatic area in a total of 19 patients.

Conflict, Psychological↗