SEARCH · Search PubMed
Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
Extraskeletal mesenchymal chondrosarcoma is a rare tumor frequently arising in the meninges and lower limbs. We describe a case of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma involving the heart in a 39-year-old man who presented with fever, chest pain and shortness of breath. His clinical course was rapid, leaving insufficient time for a complete diagnostic work-up, and the patient died 2 months after the onset of symptoms.
Chondrosarcomas are rarely observed in the infratemporal fossa. We report a rare case with temporal extension into the middle cerebral fossa without meningoencephalic invasion. Surgical excision was followed by radiotherapy. The patient died 7 years later from another cause free of tumoral recurrence. We discuss the current understanding of cephalic chondrosarcomas involving the infratemporal fossa.
Isolated, remote heart metastasis of myxoid chondrosarcoma is extremely rare. We present an unusual case of isolated remote metastasis of extraosseus myxoid chondrosarcoma from the right ankle region to the right ventricle, its clinical course, and treatment in a 46-year-old woman. Although heart biopsy done before the surgery revealed myxoma, histopathologic diagnosis of the heart tumor was confirmed after its surgical resection from the right ventricle. Nine months after the surgery the patient was doing well but, seven months later, she died in the local hospital because of global heart failure. On the autopsy, the only metastatic lesion found was in the heart. The pericardium and heart muscle were infiltrated with the tumor, whereas all other organs were free from malignant dissemination.
Sarcomas of the breast are relatively rare and account for 1% of all primary malignant tumors of the breast. Only 4 cases of pure chondrosarcoma of the breast have been published. We report an additional case in a fifty-seven-year-old woman. Histological and immunohistological characteristics were similar to those described in other localizations. Differential diagnosis involves cystosarcoma phyllodes and breast metaplastic carcinoma with chondroid differentiation. The prognosis is likely to be the same as in other chondrosarcomas.
Chondrosarcoma is a malignant cartilaginous tumor rarely found in the jaw bone. Tumor progression is slow with strong propensity to local recurrence after surgical removal. The prognosis is poor and depends on the degree of differentiation and the quality of the resection. We report a case of mandibular chondrosarcoma that exhibited particularly massive extension to soft tissue. We discuss the epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of these tumors.
The diagnosis of laryngeal chondrosarcoma is likely to be missed because of its infrequent occurrence and its indolent pattern of growth. A 53-year-old woman came to our service with an 18-year history of hoarseness and increasing dyspnea. She had been previously documented as having left vocal fold paralysis and a bulging laryngeal mass. Computed tomography revealed the presence of a large calcified tumor that had caused a deformity of the larynx and an erosion of the arytenoid and cricoid cartilages. Direct laryngoscopy detected a large supraglottic mass with a normal-appearing mucosa. Total excision of the tumor was achieved through a lateral neck incision that spared the larynx. This case emphasizes the importance of a high index of suspicion for laryngeal chondrosarcoma in a patient who has unexplained vocal fold paralysis and a submucosal subglottic mass. Every effort should be made to take a conservative surgical approach that preserves laryngeal function when possible.
Chondrosarcomas located in the spine are uncommon tumors and are challenging to manage. A case of a 65-year-old man with a T3-T4 spine chondrosarcoma is reported. The onset of symptoms consisted in progressive dorsal pain with sometimes a girdle-like radiation and, successively, in dysaesthesia and paresthesia from the lower limbs to the thoracic region. After preoperative oncologic and surgical planning the patient underwent a total en bloc resection of the mass. No postoperative adjunctive neurological deficits were recorded. An adjuvant radiation therapy with a dose of 5.500 centigrays (cGy) over four weeks was performed. At one year follow-up the patient is alive with no signs of recurrence on computed tomographic scans and magnetic resonance imaging. We discuss this case with particular emphasis on the preoperative planning, the surgical procedure and related prognosis.
Chondrosarcoma is a malignant tumor with, generally, a better prognosis than osteogenic sarcoma; it usually calls for surgical treatment with a wide margin of resection, in view of its marked resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy, but this may be difficult or impossible in one of its most frequent locations, i.e. the pelvis. Herniation of abdominal contents through a surgical defect in the iliac bone is a rare complication, and is almost always associated with bone graft harvesting from the iliac crest. We present the case of a male patient operated for a chondrosarcoma of the ilium, with wide resection of the tumor. During follow-up in the outpatient department, the existence of a hernia with intestinal contents through the defect created in the ilium was noted. The patient has now been followed for 10 years, and there have been no clinical repercussions of the hernia. No recurrence of the tumoral lesion has been observed. We review the cases published and discuss the treatments recommended.
In this report, we describe an unusual case of chondrosarcoma that involved the entire bimaxillary and nasal skeleton. The pathogenesis, correlation of histopathology with radiology, and management of chondrosarcoma are reviewed.
A 63-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of a large, firm tumor in the upper region of the anterior chest wall. The tumor measured 8 x 10 cm in diameter. A diagnosis of chondrosarcoma of the sternum was made cytologically from a percutaneous fine needle aspiration biopsy. The primary tumor was completely resected, but the sternum, ribs and clavicles were only partially resected. Another tumor was detected five months after resection and metastasis to the brain was recognized in December 2000. The patient, now suffering headaches and vomiting due to the intracranial hemorrhage around the metastatic lesion in the brain, was readmitted. Although temporary improvement of his general condition was achieved by conservative treatment, he suddenly died of respiratory failure because of multiple tumor emboli in the pulmonary artery. This was a very interesting case in that the chondrosarcoma was of sternal origin and was complicated by tumor emboli in the pulmonary artery.
A 5-year-old dog developed neurologic signs of thoracolumbar spinal cord dysfunction. The presence of an epidural mass which affected the electromyogram of the T-13 to L-3 spinal segments was demonstrated by myelography. Surgical removal was attempted. Examination of frozen and formalin-fixed tissues revealed the mass to be a chondrosarcoma. Doxorubicin hydrochloride was given every third week for a total of 6 doses following surgery. No signs of recurrence or metastases have been found for over 6 months. The differential diagnosis of epidural masses should include chondrosarcoma, even in the absence of vertebral lesions on plain radiographs, as in this case. Rapid diagnosis and aggressive therapy may have improved the prognosis.
Advances in endoscopic sinus surgery technique and technology have provided the otolaryngologist with a wide array of surgical options for the management of nasal and paranasal sinus diseases that were once limited to procedures requiring invasive surgery. We describe the case of a patient with a chondrosarcoma of the posterior nasal septum that was resected endoscopically. There have been fewer than 30 reports in the English-language literature of chondrosarcomas arising at this location, and the reported approaches to surgical excision in these case involved craniofacial procedures, facial degloving, facial splitting, and maxillectomy techniques. Until now, no case of endoscopic removal has been reported.
We describe an alternative, endoscopical technique for the surgical removal of a rare chondrosarcoma on the nasal septum. The technique requires a resection of the whole tumour within margins in healthy osteocartilaginous nasal septum under endoscopic guidance and includes bilateral middle turbinectomy and ethmoidectomy. We present the case of a 57-year-old woman with a well-differentiated chondrosarcoma (Grade I) of the nasal septum. Endoscopical surgery resulted without any cosmetic deformity problems, and the functional result was favourable. No recurrence was evidenced after a follow-up of 3 years. The main advantages of this technique are the excellent functional and cosmetic results without any surgical reconstructive techniques. This approach may provide a minimally invasive method to remove well-differentiated, low-grade (Grade I) and size limited malignant cartilaginous tumours of the nasal septum.
OBJECTIVE: We report a case of cricoid chondroma, underlining the difficulty in establishing a precise differential diagnosis between chondroma and low-grade chondrosarcoma of the larynx. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A 48-year-old woman developed inspiratory dyspnea. The final diagnosis was cricoid chondroma. We reviewed our case and data in the literature on these cartilaginous tumors. RESULTS: The patient was treated with conservative surgery. At 18 months follow-up, no recurrence has been detected. DISCUSSION: These tumors are rarely found in an ENT location and have similar histological features. According to many authors, the clinical course alone enables a distinction between chondroma and low-grade chondrosarcoma. Surgical treatment is indicated and provides good phonatory function in the vast majority of the cases.
Mechanical forces have a profound effect on cartilage tissue and chondrocyte metabolism. Strenuous loading inhibits the cellular metabolism, while optimal level of loading at correct frequency raises an anabolic response in chondrocytes. In this study, we used Atlas Human Cancer cDNA array to investigate mRNA expression profiles in human chondrosarcoma cells stretched 8% for 6 hours at a frequency of 0.5 Hz. In addition, cultures were exposed to continuous and cyclic (0.5 Hz) 5 MPa hydrostatic pressure. Cyclic stretch had a more profound effect on the gene expression profiles than 5 MPa hydrostatic pressure. Several genes involved with the regulation of cell cycle were increased in stretched cells, as well as mRNAs for PDGF-B, glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase, Tiam1, cdc37 homolog, Gem, integrin alpha6, and matrix metalloproteinase-3. Among down-regulated genes were plakoglobin, TGF-alpha, retinoic acid receptor-alpha and Wnt8b. A smaller number of changes was detected after pressure treatments. Plakoglobin was increased under cyclic and continuous 5 MPa hydrostatic pressure, while mitogen-activated protein kinase-9, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, Rad6, CD9 antigen, integrins alphaE and beta8, and vimentin were decreased. Cyclic and continuous pressurization induces a number of specific changes. In conclusion, a different set of genes were affected by three different types of mechanical stimuli applied on chondrosarcoma cells.
Chondrosarcoma is a tumor very seldom encountered in the larynx. In this location chondrosarcomas have typical features: slow growing, metastasis rares and scarce tendency to recur. But recurrences occurs at long-term and often can be controlled. We report a case diagnosed and treated in our Hospital which, on the contrary, recurrences presented in a short-term after first surgical removal. Clinical management and treatment of these neoplasms are reviewed.
Expression of the mutant protein-suppressor of tumor growth p53 and the receptor of epidermal growth factor of type II--HER-2/neu may serve as prognostic factors for patients with chondrosarcoma of malignancy grade II. Combined expression of these proteins in the tumor tissue correlates with shorter 5-year survival of recurrence-free patients. The data obtained may be used for prognosis of chondrosarcoma course and choice of adequate therapy.
BACKGROUND: Aggrecan, the large aggregating proteoglycan, is a major component of the cartilage extracellular matrix. The C-terminal globular domain (G3) of the aggrecan molecule exhibits a pattern of alternative splicing that involves three exons. Each corresponds to a subdomain, epidermal growth factor 1(EGF1), EGF2, and a short complement repeat (SCR). MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the present study, we compared aggrecan mRNA splicing variants in osteochondrogenic tumor cells and normal cartilage using RT-PCR. RESULTS: Normal cartilage expressed two mRNA isoforms, both containing the SCR exon, but with or without the EGF1 exon. Benign cartilaginous tumors showed the same splicing pattern as normal cartilage. However, malignant chondrosarcomas expressed additional splicing isoforms, one of which lacked all three alternative exons and another with EGF2 and SCR exons. The human chondrosarcoma cell line (Ch-1 cells) expressed further isoforms, one containing either EGF1 or EGF2 exon only, and another with all the variant exons. CONCLUSION: These results imply that a change in the pattern of alternative aggrecan mRNA splicing is associated with malignant transformation of chondrocytes.