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PubMed1973

Effects of Filipin and Cholesterol on K Movement in Etiolated Stem Cells of Pisum sativum L.

Filipin, a polyene antibiotic known to induce leakage of materials from various cells, depresses K(+) and NO(3) (-) uptake in etiolated pea epicotyl segments. Filipin concentrations which strongly reduce K(+) influx have little effect on efflux; however, high concentrations enhance K(+) efflux. Filipin has no effect on respiration rates or cell electropotentials; its action is presumed to be on the cell membranes. Cholesterol, but not a thiol-protecting agent (dithiothreitol), enhances K(+) influx and counteracts the inhibition by filipin. Although this effect of cholesterol may be due to an interaction with filipin in the outer solution, there is reason to believe that its major effect is to impart stability to the membrane; filipin is believed to act by interfering with sterol stabilization of phospholipid layers. The predominant native sterols of etiolated pea stem (Pisum sativum L. var. Alaska), which cholesterol probably mimics, are beta-sitosterol, campesterol, and stigmasterol.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1999

Characterization of a multidrug-resistant clone of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 6B in Alaska by using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and PspA serotyping.

Antimicrobial susceptibility, pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) serotyping, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) were used to evaluate clonal relatedness among 66 invasive isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 6B collected during 1982-1996 from patients in Alaska. Thirty-seven (56%) of the isolates had penicillin minimal inhibitory concentration values >/=0.125 microgram/mL and were resistant to at least 1 other antibiotic. Fourteen PspA serotypes were observed; PspA 16 was the most common (35%). Forty-five (68%) of the 66 isolates shared common and highly related PFGE patterns using 3 enzymes. Twenty-six (58%) of the isolates with common PFGE patterns were from Native Alaskan children </=2 years of age residing in 1 region of Alaska. Alaskan serotype 6B had distinct PFGE patterns, compared with the South African 6B-8 and Spanish 6B-2 multidrug-resistant clones, suggesting that the Alaskan 6B isolates were distinct from these other pneumococcal 6B clones but were genetically related to each other [corrected].

Adolescent↗