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At least 865 records · Page 48Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Anesthesia for arthroscopy of the knee: propofol versus thiopental and halothane].

Sixty ASA I or II patients, who underwent general anaesthesia for arthroscopy of the knee, were separated into two groups. Induction was performed either with thiopentone 7 mg . kg-1 (group I) or with propofol 2.5 mg . kg-1 (group II). All patients were intubated and ventilated. Dextromoramide was used as analgesic. Maintenance of anaesthesia was obtained with halothane inhalation (group I) or by continuous automatic injection of propofol at a dose of 9 mg . kg-1 . h-1 (group II). Induction and maintenance were satisfactory in both groups. Pulse rate was stable at induction and intubation for the propofol group, whereas it increased at both stages of anaesthesia with thiopentone; it fell moderately in both groups afterwards. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures dropped more in the propofol group after induction, with a maximum decrease of 20%. Recovery was significantly more rapid and comfortable with propofol than with thiopentone.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Comparison of etomidate and thiopental for the anesthesia in cardioversion].

A controlled study was carried out, comparing etomidate and thiopentone used for anaesthesia for cardioversion. Eighty patients presenting with supraventricular tachyarrhythmias were randomly allocated to two groups with stratification for duration of supraventricular tachyarrhythmias and cardiothoracic ratio. After premedication with 10 mg of diazepam, anaesthesia was induced and maintained if necessary with etomidate (0.3 and 0.15 mg.kg-1 respectively) or thiopentone (3 and 1.5 mg.kg-1 respectively). The following observations were made by an independent observer: energy of the electric discharge, systolic and diastolic arterial pressures, heart rate, apnoea with duration, quality of anaesthesia, side-effects if present, and induction, anaesthesia and recovery times. A drawing test and an ambulation test were carried out after recovery. Data were analysed using one-way analysis of variance (continuous variables) and chi-squared test with Yates correction for small numbers (categorical variables) with p less than 0.05 considered significant. The thiopentone (THIO) and etomidate (ETO) groups were similar, except for premedication and number of NYHA class III and IV patients, being more common in ETO (p = 0.04; p = 0.05). Anaesthesia time was 4.6 +/- 2.3 min in THIO and 9.9 +/- 3.5 min in ETO (p less than 10(-9)) with more reinjections in THIO (p = 0.003). Awakening time was shorter in THIO (p less than 10(-6)) and graphic test was carried out better at 15 min in THIO. No difference was found later for graphic test and ambulation. Apnoea was more frequent in THIO (p = 0.002).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Altered response to intravenous thiopental and succinylcholine in acute amphetamine abuse.

Substance abuse has become increasingly prevalent: illegal drugs have profound and varied physiologic effects which create a large potential for anesthetic problems and complications (1). Amphetamine is a strong sympathomimetic and may therefore influence the course of anesthesia. We report the case of a patient with acute amphetamine abuse presenting difficulties during anesthesia.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Influence of a bolus injection of thiopental and propofol on the expression density of P-selectin and fibrinogen receptors on the surface of human platelets ex vivo].

OBJECTIVE: Exposure of platelets to anaesthetic agents may alter their functional characteristics and in patients undergoing surgery or long-term sedation this may be clinically relevant. We investigated the influence of thiopentone and propofol on the expression of platelet membrane P-selectin, fibrinogen receptor, and leukocyte-platelet aggregates ex vivo. METHODS: In patients undergoing surgery blood samples were taken from a peripheral vein cannula before induction of anaesthesia with propofol (3.0 mg kg (-1) BW) or thiopentone (7.0 mg kg (-1) BW) and five minutes later (n = 11 in each group). Surface expression of the fibrinogen receptor complex (GP Ib/IIIa), P-selectin, and the percentage of leukocyte-platelet aggregates were measured by flow cytometry after stimulation via the ADP or thrombin receptor pathway. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the expression of gpIIb/IIIa, P-selectin, and percentage of leukocyte-platelet aggregates in the thiopentone and propofol group after induction of anaesthesia. CONCLUSIONS: In clinically relevant concentrations thiopentone and propofol did not influence the surface expression density of fibrinogen receptors, P-selectin molecules, and the percentage of leukocyte-platelet aggregates ex vivo.

Anesthetics, Intravenous↗
PubMed1991

[The effect of thiopental on mid-latency auditory evoked potentials and their frequency analysis].

The effect of Thiopentone on mid-latency auditory evoked potentials has not yet been examined sufficiently. Therefore, mid-latency auditory evoked potentials during induction of general anaesthesia with thiopentone were studied. Following informed consent in 10 patients scheduled for elective surgery, anaesthesia was induced with thiopentone (5 mg/kg b.w. i.v.). Assisted ventilation via face mask with 100% O2 was performed until the first purposeful movement of the limbs appeared. Then a second bolus of thiopentone (2 mg/kg b.w. i.v.) was given and general anaesthesia was maintained according to anaesthesiological and operative necessities. Auditory evoked potentials were recorded in the awake and on-line when thiopentone was injected up to 9 min after the onset of general anaesthesia. Latencies of the peaks V, Na, Pa were measured. Using Fast-Fourier-Transform-Analysis, corresponding power spectra were calculated to analyse energy portions of the AEP frequency components. In the awake state peak latencies were in the normal range. Corresponding power spectra indicated energy maxima in the 30-40 Hz frequency range. After induction of general anaesthesia an increase in latencies of the peaks Na, Pa could be observed. The energy in the 30-40 Hz range became suppressed, the AEP energy maxima shifted to the low frequency range. These effects were observable until 3 min after injection. When the first purposeful movement of a limb occurred, Na, Pa latencies returned to normal values and most part of the AEP-energy was in the 30-40 Hz range as in the awake.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Lithotomy position: respiratory resistance with thiopental and propofol anesthesia].

OBJECTIVE: To study airway resistance changes induced by placement in lithotomy position under thiopentone and propofol anaesthesia. DESIGN: Prospective, randomised study. SETTING: OR of a university hospital. PATIENTS: Consecutive sample of 36 patients without bronchopulmonary disease (ASA 1-2; 18-78 yr.; 45-100 kg) scheduled for elective surgery in lithotomy position under general (mask) anaesthesia; oral premedication with 0.3 mg.kg-1 dipotassium chloroazeptate on the evening before and in the morning of surgery. INTERVENTIONS: Injection of either 4-6 mg.kg-1 thiopentone or 2-2.5 mg.kg-1 propofol into a fast running peripheral infusion until loss of eyelash reflex. Placement of an oropharyngeal airway and assisted ventilation via anatomic mask until recovery of spontaneous respiration. Oscilloresistometric determination (Siregnost FD 5; Siemens AG, Erlangen) of airway impedance (ROS) before and after placement in lithotomy position. RESULTS: Before positioning ROS was 3.5 +/- 1.3 mbar.l-1.s-1 and 3.7 +/- 1.1 mbar.l-1.s-1 in the propofol and thiopentone group respectively. After positioning ROS was unchanged in the propofol group (3.8 +/- 1.8 mbar.l-1.s-1) and increased to 4.5 +/- 1.5 mbar.l-1.s-1 (p < 0.05) in the thiopentone group. CONCLUSION: Lithotomy positioning induces an increase in airway impedance under thiopentone but not under propofol anaesthesia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[60 years thiopental].

In 1994, thiopentone has been in clinical use as an induction agent for 60 years. For this reason, a literature review is given dealing with its chemical properties and pharmacokinetics with special regard to plasma protein binding, recommended speed of injection, diaplacentar transfer to the foetus in Caesarean section and the transfer to breast milk. The pharmacodynamics of thiopentone are reviewed with emphasis on the effects on the CNS, the cardiovascular system, the respiratory system, renal function, liver and the effect in porphyria. Its side effects such as local reactions and release of histamine are also reviewed. The clinical importance of thiopentone in anaesthesia induction and the present state of cerebral protection are discussed, as well as the results of controlled trials comparing thiopentone to other induction drugs. Thiopentone has the main disadvantage of a slow elimination resulting in minor CNS depression, which seems of very limited clinical importance. In most respects thiopentone seems to be comparable to its younger competitors.

Anesthesia, General↗