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At least 865 records · Page 48Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Co-existence of N. gonorrhoeae and U. urealyticum in male urethra.

Eight hundred and forty male patients attending sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic for urethritis were investigated. Out of them, 31.6% had gonococcal urethritis, 16.1% suffered from nongonococcal urethritis due to Ureaplasma urealyticum and in 12.6%, both the organisms were present. Though 14.62% strains of N. Gonorrhoeae were resistant to penicillin, all the strains were sensitive to spectinomycin; while all Ureaplasma strains were sensitive to tetracyclines. As the treatment differs for these two organisms, it is necessary to identify the correct etiological agent.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Congenital fistula of the raphe penis].

One case of a congenital fistula of the raphe penis with gonorrhoea is reported. In this case spectinomycin seemed to fail in therapy, because pus was still remaining in the fistula, but not in the urethra. As the antibiotic resistogram did not prove our assumption, we tried the double dose and succeeded in killing the bacteria.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Development of the sensitivity to antibiotics in strains of Neisseria gonorrhea isolated in Touraine over a 5-year period].

347 Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains isolated in Touraine, France, from December 1978 to March 1984 were tested for susceptibility to seven antibiotics using an agar dilution method. Percentage of strains with a penicillin G MIC = 0.06 micrograms/ml rose from 58% in 78-80 to 69% in 82-84. Consistent amoxicillin MICs were found throughout the survey (MIC 50: 0.125 and MIC 90: 0.5 micrograms/ml). Three penicillinase-producing strains were recovered from patients contaminated outside the study area. For tetracycline, minocycline, chloramphenicol and spectinomycin, variations of MICs 50 and 90 did not exceed one dilution either way. For spiramycin, MICs 50 and 90 fell from 2 and 8 micrograms/ml respectively in 78-80 to 1 and 2 micrograms/ml in 82-84. Our findings show that susceptibility of Gonococci to the main antibiotics used for treating gonococcal infections in our area has not changed significantly over the last five years. Moreover, implantation and diffusion of penicillinase-producing strains has failed to occur.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1986

[Decreased incidence of postgonococcal urethritis following minocycline treatment compared to penicillin/spectinomycin].

Two groups of 30 patients each suffering from gonococcal urethritis were treated either with minocyclin for 7 days or with a single administration of penicillin or spectinomycin, respectively. 30% of them revealed an additional infection with C. trachomatis or U. urealyticum. On the 8th day, we observed remaining symptoms in only 20% of the patients treated with minocyclin, but in 40% of the group treated with penicillin/spectinomycin.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Clinical observations on urethritis over the last eight years in Gifu City Hospital].

Clinical observations were made on patients with urethritis, syphilis, chancroid, genital herpes and venereal warts for the last eight years at Gifu City Hospital. The patients with urethritis, genital herpes and venereal warts tended to increase yearly, and the number of the cases with urethritis increased about 2.5 times in the eight years. Slightly more patients had nongonococcal urethritis than gonococcal urethritis excluding 1981. Of the patients with gonococcal urethritis seen between 1977 and 1979, 58% were treated with benzylpenicillin intramuscularly, and 43% of the patients seen between 1980 and 1984 were treated with a concomitant therapy of spectinomycin intramuscularly and minocycline or doxycycline orally. The cure rate for each treatment was 94% and 97%, respectively. Of the patients with nongonococcal urethritis seen between 1980 and 1984, 89% were treated with minocycline or doxycycline orally, and the cure rate was 97%. On the other hand, the cure rate was 43% for the treatment between 1977 and 1979, only 10% of whom had received treatment with minocycline or doxycycline.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1974

Antibiotic sensitivities of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the Toronto area.

The antibiotic sensitivity pattern of 3872 isolates of N. gonorrhoeae tested in Toronto from 1969 to 1973 is reviewed. An increase in resistance to both penicillin and tetracycline was noted up to 1971, but no further increase has occurred since then. Ninety-seven percent of 135 patients with "sensitive" strains (inhibited by 0.3 U/ml of penicillin and/or 0.5 mug/ml of tetracycline) were cured by either 8 g of tetracycline or 5,000,000 U of penicillin, whereas only 59% of 58 patients with "resistant" strains (requiring 1.0 U/ml of penicillin and/or 2.0 mug/ml of tetracycline for inhibition) were cured by the same dosage. Spectinomycin appears to be an acceptable alternative therapy. Maximum doses of the chosen drug are recommended in the hope of retarding further spread of more resistant organisms.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1974

Minimal inhibitory concentrations of twenty antimicrobial agents to animal pathogens.

Minimal inhibitory concentration (M.I.C.) values as determined by an agar-plate-dilution method for 60 bacterial isolates, consisting of Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus of animal origin against 20 antimicrobial drugs are presented. Of all the drugs, gentamicin had the best in vitro antibacterial activity in terms of M.I.C. when considering all the species of organisms together, while spectinomycin had the least activity.An inoculum replicator was a convenient tool in carrying out the agar-plate-dilution method.A comparison of the M.I.C. values of 42 isolates of S. typhimurium with the results obtained by low level method and the Bauer-Kir-by method showed that with few exceptions, there is a general agreement.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1982

[Treatment of gonorrhea in dermatological practice. Results of a survey].

A questionnaire on the treatment of gonorrhea was sent to 1,560 dermato-venereologists practicing in the Federal Republic of Germany. Nine hundred sixty dermatologists returned the questionnaire. More than 60% of them examine less than 50 patients with gonorrhea per year; 44% treated the gonorrhea with spectinomycin, 42% with penicillin. Single dose treatment is used by approximately half of the dermatologists, but only 4% use single dose treatment with penicillin/probenecid. One case of lethal allergic shock to penicillin is reported to have occurred in 1980.

Female↗
PubMed1983

The treatment of gonorrhoea--beta lactamase producers.

The high endemicity of PPNG in some regions preclude the continued routine use of procaine penicillin as treatment for gonorrhoea. The aminoglycosides, spectinomycin, second and third generation cephalosporins are highly effective and on epidemiological grounds, should replace penicillin as the first choice antibiotic. However, due cognizance has to be given to the impact of this recommendation on the non PPNG strains and the development of chromosomal resistance to the latter antibiotics. Also, the discontinuation of penicillin as the first line drug for gonorrhoea may see a resurgence of early syphilis. All future recommendations on the treatment of gonorrhoea should take these factors into consideration. Synergetic combination of beta lactam antibiotics and beta lactamase inhibitors or combination therapy may be the lines along which future research should head.

4-Quinolones↗
PubMed1983

The susceptibility of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated in Singapore to antimicrobial agents--studies on changes in susceptibility patterns over the years.

The results of antibiotic MIC determination on gonococci isolated in Singapore over several years were studied. 53.6% of the strains isolated in 1981 had penicillin MIC values of 0.5 microgram/ml or more. The implementation of a control programme was followed by an increase in the susceptibility of the gonococcus to penicillin, ampicillin and tetracycline. An outbreak of PPNG occurred in 1978 while the control programme was on. In the initial period the PPNG was less susceptible to tetracycline, kanamycin and spectinomycin than the non-PPNG. Later on, as the PPNG was subjected to the same antibiotic selective pressures as the non-PPNG, the differences were less obvious. Following the use of kanamycin as a front-line drug, the percentage of PPNG isolated was stabilized.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1983

Factors associated with the determination of antibiotic activity in bovine semen.

Rosaramicin, an agent shown to be effective in vitro against ureaplasma of bovine origin was tested as an additive to bovine semen extender. Although some reduction in semen quality occurred it was still deemed satisfactory for use. In a test involving 41 cows inseminated once at estrus with rosaramicin-treated semen (162 mcg/mL) the nonreturn rate was 24% compared to a calculated average for this semen of 63% (n = 3310). The effect of centrifugation, time and temperature was examined in vitro using a combination of 150 mcg of lincomycin, 300 mcg of spectinomycin and 450 mcg of tylosin against ten strains of bovine ureaplasma. This combination has ureaplasmacidal activity and is suggested as an additive to semen extenders for the control of ureaplasma.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Gonococcal urethritis.

Gonorrhea continues to maintain its position as the most common reportable infectious disease in the United States. Penicillin is still the antibiotic of choice for the treatment of uncomplicated gonococcal urethritis in most of the United States, but the increasing incidence of penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae (PPNG) in many areas of the world necessitates a reconsideration of standard therapy. In addition to penicillin resistance, the gonococcus is also developing resistance to spectinomycin and tetracycline, which further complicates the choice of therapy.

Amoxicillin↗
PubMed1984

Antibiotic resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoea in Curaçao.

Beta lactamase producing Neisseria gonorrhoea strains are only occasionally found in Curaçao; of the non beta lactamase producing strains isolated from civilians a high percentage was moderately to highly resistant to penicillin and moderately resistant to tetracyclin. These percentages were even high in the case of gonococcal strains isolated from prostitutes. Strains which are resistant to spectinomycin were not found. These findings may warrant considering the use of alternative antibiotics in the treatment of gonococcal infections in this community.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1981

Treating gonorrhea.

The records of 1,381 patients with gonorrhea were examined by the Massachusetts Department of Public Health to determine the efficacy of their treatment schedules. Urethritis, cervicitis and pharyngitis were treated with 4.8 million u. of aqueous procaine penicillin G intramuscularly, without probenecid. Cure rates were 98 percent in urethritis, 97 percent in pharyngitis and 98 percent in cervicitis. Patients allergic to penicillin were treated with tetracycline orally or spectinomycin intramuscularly. In patients with proctitis, a 98 percent cure rate was achieved with one intramuscular injection of procaine penicillin G, followed by ampicillin orally for four days.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae (PPNG) causes the same clinical picture as nonpenicillinase-producing gonococci. Definitive identification depends on demonstration of penicillin resistance followed by tests for the beta-lactamase enzyme (penicillinase). Spectinomycin is the drug of choice but should be carefully reserved for laboratory-confirmed PPNG. Other drugs are effective. Over 2,000 cases have been reported since 1976, most originating in the Far East. Continuing spread is a certainty.

Communicable Disease Control↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Efficacy of 250 mg trospectomycin sulfate i.m. vs. 250 mg ceftriaxone i.m. for treatment of uncomplicated gonorrhea.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Due to the steadily progressive development of resistance to the drugs used for treatment, Neisseria gonorrhoeae remains a medical concern. Trospectomycin sulfate is a 6' propyl analogue of spectinomycin with potent activity against penicillin sensitive and resistant strains of N. gonorrhoeae. GOAL OF THIS STUDY: To compare the efficacy of 250 mg trospectomycin sulfate i.m. versus 250 mg ceftriaxone i.m. for single dose therapy for men and women with uncomplicated gonorrhea. STUDY DESIGN: Dual-center, randomized comparative trial. RESULTS: Among evaluable male patients with urethral gonorrhea, 36 of 40 (90%, 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 76%-97%) who were treated with trospectomycin sulfate were cured, and 22 of 22 patients (100%, [85%-100%]) treated with ceftriaxone were cured. Among evaluable female patients with cervical gonorrhea all were cured following trospectomycin sulfate (23 of 23) and following ceftriaxone therapy (13 of 13). The cure rates for pharyngeal gonorrhea were 67% (8 of 12 patients, 35%-90%) for trospectomycin sulfate therapy, and 100% (2 of 2) with ceftriaxone therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Trospectomycin sulfate, 250 mg i.m., is effective, and well tolerated. However, for treatment of uncomplicated genital and pharyngeal gonorrhea, it is not as reliable for therapy as other recommended regimens.

Ceftriaxone↗
PubMed1993

Treatment of gonococcal infections with a single 250 mg intramuscular injection of trospectomycin sulphate vs ceftriaxone sodium.

Trospectomycin sulphate is a new, more potent analog of spectinomycin, which is active in vitro against penicillin-sensitive and penicillin-resistant strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. This study was designed to determine the bacteriologic and clinical efficacy as well as safety of a single intramuscularly administered 250 mg dose of trospectomycin sulphate in the treatment of uncomplicated gonorrhoea (cervical, urethral, pharyngeal and anal). Ceftriaxone sodium was used as a comparator antibiotic in a single 250 mg intramuscular dose. Seventy-four patients (36 women and 38 men) were evaluable in the trospectomycin treated group and 40 patients (22 women and 18 men) in the ceftriaxone treated group. The overall bacteriologic cure rate was 98.6% (73/74) for trospectomycin and 95% (38/40) for ceftriaxone. Bacteriologic failures were observed among women 1/36 (2.8%) treated with trospectomycin and 2/22 (9.1%) treated with ceftriaxone. The overall clinical success rate (clinically cured plus clinically improved) was 90.5% for trospectomycin and 100% for ceftriaxone. Adverse events were reported rarely in both groups. Less than 10% of patients complained of pain and/or tenderness at the injection site for both drugs; one patient developed a generalized, pruritic rash which occurred three days after administration of trospectomycin and resolved within six days. In conclusion, a single dose of 250 mg i.m. trospectomycin appears to be at least as effective and safe as a single dose of ceftriaxone in the treatment of uncomplicated gonorrhoea.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Interaction of neomycin with human erythrocytes.

This study has been undertaken to verify if neomycin, known to be toxic because it interacts with membrane-bound phosphatidylinositol-4,5-biphosphate, may lead to an extensive perturbation of the membrane organization of human erythrocytes. By comparison, the effects induced by a non toxic aminocyclitol antibacterial agent as spectinomycin were examined. Our data exclude extended alterations of the membrane and hence large structural changes of the whole cell for both the drugs probably as a consequence of the extreme difficulty of penetration because of their selective hydrophilic features. However, only neomycin seems to present a binding on negatively charged regions of erythrocyte membranes, that could be responsible of its remarkable toxicity.

Erythrocyte Membrane↗