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At least 865 records · Page 48Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Oral evaluation and upper airway anatomy associated with snoring and obstructive sleep apnea.

The evaluation of the patient with sleep-related breathing disorders is best accomplished with a comprehensive examination. In this manner the major factors and conditions will be determined so that any therapy that is planned will be carried out with the minimum risk of any complications or unexpected results. In addition, by uncovering the conditions that exist before initiating treatment, the practitioner who participates in the management of these patients will be better able to address any concerns before they arise, resulting in more effective management overall. Understanding the anatomy with which one is dealing enhances the opportunity for more effective treatment. Because the muscles are so critical to mandibular and airway management, their role must be completely understood. As the roles of the various muscles becomes better understood, the ability to resolve airway problems related to sleep will improve.

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMed2001

Imaging for the snoring and sleep apnea patient.

Upper airway imaging techniques have significantly advanced the understanding of the pathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnea and the biomechanical mechanisms by which therapeutic interventions for this disorder exert their effects. Both static and dynamic imaging studies have been used to examine the structure and function of the upper airway during wakefulness and sleep. These studies have highlighted the importance of the lateral pharyngeal walls in addition to the tongue and soft palate in modulating changes in upper airway caliber. Upper airway imaging has also been used to understand the changes in upper airway anatomy associated with weight loss, mandibular repositioning devices, and upper airway surgery. At present, upper airway imaging should be considered in patients undergoing upper airway surgery and possibly in patients being evaluated for oral appliances. MR imaging and nasopharyngoscopy are the imaging modalities of choice in patients undergoing a UPPP. Cephalometrics should be considered in patients being treated with mandibular repositioning devices. Upper airway imaging has provided an important framework to examine the pathogenesis of airway closure, and these investigations may, in time, lead to more effective treatment options for patients with sleep apnea.

Acoustics↗
PubMed2000

[Abnormal P3 latency in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, but normal in snore].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the P3 wave (latency, amplitude) in snorers and patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and investigate the possible mechanism. METHODS: Three groups, OSAS patient group (n = 21), snorer group (n = 21) and control group (n = 21), were administered polysomnography (PSG), auditory evoked event-related potential (P3) and clinic memory test. The results were analyzed using GLM analysis and Post Hoc test. RESULTS: The auditory P3 latency in OSAS group was 363 ms +/- 22 ms (Fz), 369 ms +/- 28 ms (Cz), in snorer group 336 ms +/- 31 ms (Fz), 340 ms +/- 32 ms (Cz), and in control group 341 ms +/- 29 ms (Fz), 338 ms +/- 30 ms (Cz). There were significant differences between OSAS group and snorer group, as well as control group (P < 0.05). No significant difference was seen between snorer group and control group. Memory quotient (MQ) was reduced in snoren group as compared with control group. CONCLUSION: Abnormal auditory P3 latency indicates the cognitive dysfunction in OSAS patients. Nocturnal hypoxaemia may play an important role.

Adult↗