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At least 865 records · Page 48Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Anatomical study on restoration of the sensation of distal based sural island flap].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the anatomic foundation of using main branch of posterior femoral nerve to restore the sensation function of distal based sural island flap. METHODS: Thirty cases of adult human cadaver legs fixed by 4% formaldehyde were used. Anatomical investigation of the posterior femoral nerves of lower legs was conducted under surgical microscope to observe their distribution, branches and their relationship with small saphenous vein. Nerve branches with diameter more than 0.1 mm were dissected and accounted during observation. The length and diameter of the nerves were measured. RESULTS: The main branch of posterior femoral nerve ran downwards from popliteal fossa within superficial fascia along with small saphenous vein. 70% of the main branch of the posterior femoral nerves lay medially to small saphenous vein, and 30% laterally. They were classified into 3 types according to their distribution in lower legs: type I (33.3%) innervated the upper 1/4 region of lower leg (region I), type II (43.3%) had branches in upper 1/2 region (region I and II), and type III (23.3%) distributed over the upper 3/4 region (region I , II and III). In type II, the diameter of the main branches of posterior femoral nerves in the middle of popliteal tossa was 1.0 +/- 0.4 mm and innervated the posterior upper-middle region (which was the ordinrary donor region of distal based sural island flaps) of lower legs with 2.0 +/- 0.8 branches, whose diameter was 0.3 +/- 0.2 mm and length was 3.5 +/- 2.7 mm. The distance between the end of these branches and small saphenous vein was 0.8 +/- 0.6 mm. In type III, their diameter was 1.2 +/- 0.3 mm and innervated the posterior upper-middle region of lower legs with 3.7 +/- 1.7 branches, whose diameter was 0.4 +/- 0.1 mm and length was 3.7 +/- 2.6 mm. The distance between the end of these branches and small saphenous vein was 0.8 +/- 0.4 mm. CONCLUSION: 66.6% of human main branch of posterior femoral nerves (type II and type III) can be used to restore the sensation of distal based sural island flap through anastomosis with sensor nerve stump of foot during operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Sensation restoration of the heel: report of 44 cases].

Forty-four patients with acute skin loss or chronic scarring around ankle were treated by skin transplantation for covering the skin defect or replacing the scar tissue as well as restoring sensation. 13 of them were treated by pedicled sensorineural island flap, 23 by sensorineural free flap, and 8 transplanting sensorineural band into the skin flap. Follow-up study for 2 to 6 years revealed that sensation of pain, temperature and touch was normal in each flap, with 2-point discrimination of 20 to 60 mm. Trophic ulcer never developed in any case though on weight-bearing at least for 6 hours daily. Block of the sensory nerve proximal to the flap with 2% procaine in 6 cases resulted in senselessness over the flap area. The surgical procedures and the merits of every one of the three types of operation were described and discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Studies on the phenomenon of latent propagated sensation along channel (LPSC) by combining applied knocks, measurement of resistance and record electric current].

About twenty five percent of people have the typical phenomenon, i.e. a specific feeling propagating along the channel course during the application of needling or other stimuli on Jing acupoint. These characteristics are named marked PSC. About seventy five percent of people with no prominent propagated sensation. We concerned about how to change the obscure appearance into obvious. Combining applied knocks, measurement resistance and record electric current were used in our studies. RESULTS 1. After knocks, a specific propagational numb feeling at the point which is named as "positive point". 2. Most positive points of channel course on all of the 26 subjects under examination, the impedance value 40-65 (100 k omega) was lower than that at control points 80-90 (100 k omega), but the amplitude of electric current wave (14-38 cm) was higher than that at control points (6-11 cm). 3. By linking up these positive points of specific feeling an imaginary line which just the classical large intestine channel, this line is named as latent propagational sensation ling along channel (LPSC).

Acupuncture Points↗
PubMed1990

Temporal relationships between warmth imagery and associated changes in digital pulse amplitude, skin temperature and skin temperature sensation.

Temporal relationships between warmth imagery and associated psychophysiological changes were studied by recording digital pulse amplitude, skin temperature, and thermal sensations in 5 subjects. After each trial the subjects were asked whether they thought they had been successful in producing the expected mental image. During the subjectively successful imagery tasks the digital pulse amplitude and the skin temperature of the hand rose significantly. The subjective onset of imagery took place after the digital pulse amplitude had started to change but before the skin temperature had begun to rise. This implies that mental imagery of skin warming as a conscious experience is not a prerequisite of somatic change. The thermal sensation (i.e. feeling of warmth) took place while the skin temperature was rising or immediately after that. This suggests that it is not caused by the mental image per se but by activation of skin temperature receptors.

Forearm↗
PubMed1985

A study on the receptive field of acupoints and the relationship between characteristics of needling sensation and groups of afferent fibres.

We have recorded the afferent unit discharges and using it as an index, measured the locations and the volumes of nine acupoints, such as Neiguan and Shaoshang, which are innervated by median nerve. We have also investigated the relationships between electric needling sensations and afferent fibres of different groups as well as manual needling sensations by means of analysing power-spectrum of the unit discharges with FFT. It has been found that the fibres of Group II and Group IV convey numbness and soreness, respectively. The fibres of Group III relates to the conduction of heaviness and distention closely.

Action Potentials↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Value of testing vibration sensation in diagnosing spondylogenic pain syndromes].

One-hundred patients with cervical vertebral changes, 100 with lumbar vertebral changes and 20 with ankylosing spondylitis were studied carrying out examinations of the sensation of touch, pain and vibration in these dermatomes and sclerotomes which are related to the levels of the most frequently occurring intervertebral disc changes. It was found that disturbances of the vibration sensation occurred significantly more frequently than disturbances of surface sensitivity, and their character suggested that they were a more specific sign of damage to the innervation of the spine than segmental disturbances of superficial sensitivity which are due to root damage.

Humans↗
PubMed1986

Relationships between near surface blood flow and altered sensations among spinal cord injured veterans.

Ten patients with clinical diagnoses of complete transverse spinal cord tissue destruction were interviewed about any sensations they felt below the level at which normal feelings were evident. All ten reported experiencing various feelings most of the time and nine reported that some of those feelings were usually quite painful. Videothermographs showing differences in skin temperature of 0.1 degrees celsius were taken to evaluate blood flow patterns to a depth of 1.5 cm. Changes in blood flow patterns were found to correlate highly with the level at which sensations changed from normal to abnormal and to correlate virtually exactly with the locations of pain reported from supposedly desenate areas.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1985

[Abnormalities of the sensation of the need to urinate in multiple sclerosis. Clinical and urodynamic study. Apropos of 100 cases].

A hundred patients with multiple sclerosis and urinary disorders were examined clinically and by gas or water cystometry. Particular attention was paid to abnormalities in the voiding need sensation. These abnormalities can best be studied by cystometry combined with urethral striated sphincter electromyography. When the sequence of the three degrees of need (usual need, pressing need and urgent need) is respected, there is a good correlation between the progression of the voiding need during the filling phase of the cystometry and during the detrusor action. When there is interference with the sequence of these three degrees of the voiding need, especially the absence of the sensation normally contemporaneous with the detrusor action or immediately preceding it, there is exaggeration of either the hyperactivity or the hypoactivity of the bladder, and this aggravates vesical sensitivity: premature contraction of the detrusor muscle eliminates the first two degrees (usual need and pressing need), while progressive distension of the detrusor muscle eliminates all three stages. As the multiple sclerosis evolves a stage is reached at which there are functional mictional disorders exclusively connected with the interference with the degrees of voiding need pollakiuria and urgency.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Relief of the occluded ear sensation to improve earmold comfort.

Earmold comfort is an important factor in the overall satisfaction a hearing-impaired person has with a hearing aid system. Recent research into the subjective effects of earmold venting indicates that, for the naive hearing-aid user, the solid mold produces a "closed" and "blocked" sensation that is relieved to a degree, depending on the vent diameter. To improve earmold comfort, all earmolds should be vented. However, there are certain types of hearing loss where conventional venting techniques would be undesirable, in particular, cases of severe to profound hearing loss where venting would not only adversely affect the desired frequency response characteristics of the hearing aid but would also lead to serious acoustic feedback problems. For this reason a simple system has been developed with sintered filters in the vent line, thus allowing all earmolds to be vented to relieve the occluded ear sensation although retaining the acoustic characteristics of the closed earmold.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Pseudo-sensations in seizures as a symptom of subcortical epilepsy].

A group of epileptic patients in whom the seizures were accompanied with false sensations was examined. An analysis of the results of the clinico-physiological examinations has shown that such sensations arise on electric stimulation of the thalamic nuclei. This gives one grounds to believe that it is the thalamus which is a structure responsible for the generation of such kind of seizures. This supposition is confirmed to a certain extent by the negative results of surgical intervention on the sensomotor cortex zone in 9 patients. This zone of the cortex is, probably, involved later: as a result of this a complicated cortico-subcortical epileptic system is formed. The leading role in this system belongs most probably to the thalamus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Sensation of nasal obstruction compared to rhinomanometric results in patients referred for septoplasty.

In previous studies concerning correlations between subjective nasal obstruction and rhinomanometric findings the subjects quite often had normal nasal status and symptomless nasal breathing. The correlation sometimes proved to be poor. In the present study, intercorrelations between rhinomanometry and subjective sensation of nasal patency were evaluated in 102 patients referred for septoplasty. The hypothesis was that this material should give more realistic results than normal cases. In pre-operative rhinomanometry it was found that in 62 cases the nasal airway resistance (NAR) after decongestion of the nasal mucosa was pathological compared to our normal material and in 40 cases it was within normal range. The patients were asked, before rhinomanometric recording, to indicate the narrower side of the nose, right or left. After that, both baseline and post-decongestion recordings were made. The rhinomanometric results concerning the side difference were compared to the subjective assessment. Our results showed that in the 62 cases with pathological NAR the subjective and rhinomanometric evaluation was consistent in 46 of the baseline and 50 of the decongestion cases. In the 40 patients with normal NAR the figures were 19 and 20, respectively. It is obvious that if NAR is low it is more difficult for the patient to determine the more obstructed side. We conclude that rhinomanometry rather than the subjective sensation of the subject is more suited to detect subtle side difference in resistance between the nares.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical stages and subjective sensations in xenon anesthesia].

Clinical pattern of monoanesthesia with Xe:O2 (70:30) has been studied in 12 anesthesiologists volunteers in comparison with their subjective sensations. Four clinical stages of anesthesia have been identified: paresthesia and hypoalgesia, euphoria and psychomotor activity, analgesia and partial amnesia, anesthesia (analgesia and amnesia). Induction anesthesia took 5 to 6 min, anesthesia discontinuation was easy and prompt without any adverse events. In healthy men it was impossible to achieve complete amnesia with Xe:O2 (60:40). Subjective sensations from the anesthesia were pleasant. Xenone is the best alternative to N2O2.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

On the interaction of otolithic and cupular sensations.

A differential equation is proposed for describing how the brain compromises between a sensation of rotation about a particular axis (derived from the semicircular canals) and a sensation of gravity perpendicular to this axis (derived from the otolith organs). It is shown that this differential equation, with suitably chosen and reasonable values of the parameters and initial conditions, will satisfactorily explain the experimental results of Lansberg, Guedry, and Graybiel (7).

Acceleration↗
PubMed1995

[An improved technique for preserving the nipple sensation in McKissock reduction mammaplasty].

An improved technique for preserving the nipple sensation in McKissock's reduction mammaplasty is described. Altogether four patients (seven breasts) have been operated on, and the primary results are highly satisfactory. The advantages of this technique are as followings: 1) The fourth lateral cutaneous nerve of the thorax, which mainly innervates the nipple, is preserved. All the patients retain the tactile sensation and the erectile reaction of the nipple after mammaplasty. 2) The operation is so modified that the suture line is smooth and has less tension. 3) The procedure ensures that both breasts are symmetrical after the operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Neurotrophic keratopathy--studies on substance P and the clinical significance of corneal sensation].

Neurotrophic keratopathy, which often follows damage to the trigeminal nerve, is clinically characterized by various types of epithelial disorders and melting of corneal stroma. To understand both the pathology of neurotrophic keratopathy and the physiological significance of corneal sensation, we investigated both the cellular and molecular functions of a sensory neurotransmitter, substance P, in corneal epithelial cells. Our findings prompted us to try a new mode of treatment for neurotrophic keratopathy. Substance P, a member of the tachykinin family, is an 11-amino-acid peptide. In an organ culture system using rabbit corneas, substance P alone had no effect on corneal epithelial migration. In the presence of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), however, substance P synergistically facilitated corneal epithelial migration in proportion to the concentration of substance P or of IGF-1. Other neurotransmitters (acetylcholine, norepinephrine, serotonin etc.) or tachykinins (neurokinin A, eledoisin etc.) did not show this synergistic effect with IGF-1. Among receptors for the tachykinin family (NK-1, NK-2, or NK-3) only the NK-1 receptor system was involved in the synergistic effect of substance P and IGF-1 on corneal epithelial migration. IGF-1 affected neither the binding constant nor the number of sites of substance P receptors in corneal epithelial cells, suggesting that the synergistic effect was not regulated at the receptor level. Various extracellular signals activate the intracellular signal transduction system, thus amplifying specific biological functions. We found that the addition of inhibitors of protein kinase C or tyrosine kinase clearly inhibited the synergistic effect of substance P and IGF-1 on corneal epithelial migration, demonstrating that protein kinase C and tyrosine kinase are involved in the synergistic effect. During corneal epithelial wound healing, epithelial cells must attach to a provisional, extracellular fibronectin matrix. We previously reported that interleukin 6 and epidermal growth factor (EGF) facilitate corneal epithelial wound healing by activating the expression of fibronectin receptor (integrin). Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) revealed that substance P and IGF-1 increased expression of mRNA for integrins alpha 5 and beta 1 in cultured corneal epithelial cells and also increased the number of cells that attached to a fibronectin matrix. These findings strongly suggest that substance P and IGF-1 synergistically increase corneal epithelial migration by activating the expression of integrin. Tachykinins share a five amino acid sequence, phenylalanine-free amino acid-glycine-leucine-methionine amide (FXGLM), at the C-terminus. Studying substance P, we found that a four amino acid sequence at the C-terminus, FGLM, was the minimum amino acid sequence for the synergistic effect on corneal epithelial migration. Structurally similar tetrapeptides mimicking other members of the tachykinin family isoleucine-glycine-leucine-methionine amide (IGLM), valine-glycine-leucine-methionine amide (VGLM), tyrosine-glycine-leucine-methionine amide (YGLM), and the tripeptide glycine-leucine-methionine amide (GLM) did not have any synergistic effect with IGF-1. Based on these findings in vitro, we investigated the effect of eye drops containing substance P plus IGF-1 or FGLM plus IGF-1 on the epithelial wound closure of rabbit corneas in vivo. Both combinations significantly facilitated corneal epithelial wound closure. In a clinical setting, the administration of substance P plus IGF-1 effectively treated corneal epithelial defects in a patient with Riley-Day syndrome, a disease in which corneal epithelial defects persist because of loss of corneal sensation and hypolacrimation. In a patient with neurotrophic keratopathy due to trigeminal nerve paralysis following surgery, eye drops containing FGLM plus IGF-1 eliminated superficial punctate staining. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED)

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Nystagmus, turning sensations, and illusory movement in motion sickness susceptibility.

The relationships of motion sickness susceptibility to nystagmic eye movements, sensations of turning, and duration of the spiral aftereffect were determined with 48 subjects separated into groups on the basis of sex and extremes of motion sickness susceptibility. When subjective alertness levels were controlled, there was no enhancement of elicited nystagmus nor turning sensations in susceptible individuals. However, spiral aftereffect durations were significantly longer in susceptible individuals than in nonsusceptible individuals. The results are interpreted as favoring Graybiel's model of the structural elements in motion sickness.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Long-term effects of Le Fort I osteotomy for resection of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma on maxillary growth and dental sensation.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the long-term effects of the Le Fort I osteotomy approach for the resection of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) on maxillary growth and dental sensation. DESIGN: Prospective collection of structured data. SETTING: Tertiary care academic teaching hospital. PATIENTS: Between 1993 and 1998, 5 adolescents (aged 10-14 years) constituted the evaluable cohort among 14 patients who underwent Le Fort I osteotomy for JNA resection. Mean follow-up was 47.2 months. INTERVENTIONS: The Le Fort I osteotomy approach was used to resect JNA. Cephalometric x-ray films were taken at various postoperative intervals to assess maxillary growth. The results were matched against age-correlated predictions from Dentofacial Planner software. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Horizontal and vertical maxillary growth were each measured anteriorly and posteriorly by comparing interval postoperative cephalometric x-ray films. Dental sensation was longitudinally evaluated by performing interval pulp testing postoperatively. RESULTS: (1) Average vertical growth of the maxilla achieved 30% of predicted growth anteriorly (P =.02). (2) Average horizontal growth matched predicted growth in all patients. (3) All patients demonstrated long-term maxillary dental denervation. CONCLUSIONS: Le Fort I osteotomy provides excellent surgical exposure for resection of JNA in the growing facial skeleton. Although it significantly affects vertical but not horizontal growth, its cosmetic effect is negligible. It also causes long-term dental denervation, which in most cases is undetected by patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Evidence for a dual-factor concept of psychopathological emotional deficit: anhedonia and sensation-seeking.

Correlations between measures of anhedonia and sensation-seeking were calculated in two psychiatric samples. The correlations indicated that, despite their conceptual similarity, the two represent different motivational deficits. Ther correlates appeared to indicate that sensation-seeking represents neurotic inhibition, while anhedonia reflects a separate motivational deficit apparently characteristic of process schizophrenics.

Adult↗