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At least 865 records · Page 48Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

"The best laid plans . . .": an evaluation of a patient education program.

Graphic instructions for the collection of clean-voided urine specimens were posted in outpatient clinic bathrooms. These signs were intended to supplant clinic staff verbal instructions and to improve patients' ability to perform this procedure correctly. To assess the impact of the signs, the contamination rates were determined for urine culture specimens for the 6-month periods immediately preceding and following their introduction. The contamination rate for 306 consecutive specimens submitted before the signs were hung (12 per cent) was significantly lower (p = 0.004) than for the 360 specimens submitted afterward (20.6 per cent). Further, the incidence of true bacteriuria was significantly higher before the signs were posted (21.8 per cent) than afterward (15.2 per cent) (p = 0.02). There was no reported change in the provision of verbal instructions by clinic personnel, and the signs provoked some negative reactions from patients and visitors. This unexpected adverse outcome of a well-intended patient education effort is reported so that others may profit from the authors' mistakes.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1987

Organizational resources in support of patient education programs: relationship to reported delivery of instruction.

Two studies of patient education programs tested hypotheses regarding the relationship between structural, attitudinal, and resource variables and reported receipt of instruction by patients and delivery of instruction by providers. Three predictor variables--degree of structure for implementation, provider perception of reinforcement for doing patient education, and perceived payoffs from the program, were significantly related to measures of the dependent variable. Age of the program, administrator support for social change and staff support for the program, did not show significant relationships with receipt/delivery of instruction. Future studies might investigate: how coordinative functions are carried out rather than whether a coordinator for the program has been named, the relationship between financial condition of the hospital and ability to deliver patient education services, and the relationship between patient education resources and outcome variables such as health care services used and cost. Research about resources necessary to ensure adequate delivery of instruction to patients is as important as is research about resources necessary to ensure adequate delivery of instruction to patients is as important as is research about the design of instruction.

Data Collection↗
PubMed1983

The effects of a child's self-evaluation program on compliance with parental instructions in the home.

A self-evaluation program was implemented with a kindergarten-aged boy in the home to increase compliance with parent instructions and decrease inappropriate verbal behavior. The self-evaluation package included the child's assessing the appropriateness of his behavior in 5-min intervals, receiving chips for positive self-evaluations, and exchanging chips for a reward following experimental sessions. In a reversal design, analyses were conducted of the effectiveness of the self-evaluation program, the requisite conditions for effective child behavior change with a self-evaluation approach, and the parent's efficiency in using the self-evaluation package. The self-evaluation procedures typically resulted in increased compliant behavior and decreased inappropriate behavior, although the effects generally weakened with time. Behavioral gains were greater and better maintained when the self-evaluation procedures were preceded by a phase of external evaluation via the mother than by baseline, suggesting that self-evaluation procedures may serve more to maintain the effects of external evaluation rather than to induce their own changes. The parent generally was efficient in implementing the procedures. Research and clinical implications for using self-evaluation procedures in a home setting are discussed.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMed1982

Objective and subjective evaluations of a TV-program versus small group instruction for the Iowa Drug Information Service.

The purpose of this study was to determine if the TV approach for instructing drug information systems is more efficient in terms of cost and learning effectiveness vs. traditional educational programming. The Iowa Drug Information Service system was selected as a typical representative for a study model. Second professional year pharmacy students (N = 66) were evaluated in a random selection, pre-test post-test, controlled experimental procedure. A 19 minute UTCHS in-house production served as the experimental variable. The control group received equivalent training (time and content) via lecture notes, and on-site practice coaching. Outcomes were assessed according to objective test score criteria and 10 subjective self-rating opinion scales. The data revealed that students subjected to the TV variable achieved significantly better post-exposure test scores (P = 0.002). A one-time cost of +500 was expended for complete TV production and three tapes, resulting in unlimited teaching capacity and recoverable within two years relative to instructor time expenditures for this system. Five of 10 opinion scales were significantly different in comparison, and students clearly preferred traditional teaching over our TV production. This investigation substantiates previous reports from medical disciplines wherein TV was an effective teaching approach but only mildly popular. The repetitive nature of didactic drug information systems training, superior TV outcomes, and cost-effectiveness warrants a mix of TV and limited personalized instruction as a policy approach.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗