Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “PLUTONIUM”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 865 records · Page 48Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Plutonium and radiocerium contents in shallow sea sediment collected off shore in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan.

The contents of 239, 240Pu and 144Ce in shallow water sediment were measured by means of chemical separation and alpha spectrometry on 239, 240Pu and beta counting on 144Pr . The samples were collected in 1977 and 1980 at off shore of Ibaraki Prefecture for comparison of pre- and after operation of Tokai spent fuel reprocessing plant. The ranges and mean values of 239, 240Pu and 144Ce contents determined in the samples are 0.02 approximately equal to 2.85 Bq/kg-dry (0.55 approximately equal to 77 pCi/kg-dry) with mean values of 0.93 Bq/kg-dry (25 pCi/kg-dry) in 1977 and 0.52 Bq/kg-dry (14 pCi/kg-dry) in 1980 for 239, 240Pu , and 0.67 approximately equal to 19.5 Bq/kg-dry) (18 approximately equal to 526 pCi/kg-dry) with mean value of 5.44 Bq/kg-dry (147 pCi/kg-dry) in 1977 and 1.59 Bq/kg-dry (43 pCi/kg-dry) in 1980 for 144Ce, respectively. These values showed no environmental accumulation of the nuclides by the operation was detected. The contents of two nuclides showed strong correlation each other in the samples. The inventory of 239, 240Pu in the sediment was estimated to be 43.7 MBq/km2 (1.18 mCi/km2) from core samples analyses in 1977, which is almost the same with the reported value of cumulative fallout 239, 240Pu in Tokyo.

Alpha Particles↗
PubMed1999

Hemopoietic damage and induction of leukemia in offspring due to preconception paternal irradiation from incorporated plutonium-239.

Preconception paternal irradiation has been implicated in a localized excess of childhood leukemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma close to a nuclear reprocessing plant. Other epidemiological studies, however, threw doubt on the validity of this hypothesis. Experimental evidence implicating preconception paternal X rays in the development of lung and skin cancers has also been questioned. In this study, (239)Pu (0, 128 or 256 kBq kg(-1)) was injected into male CBA-H and DBA-2 mice 12 weeks before they were mated with CBA-H and C57BL/6 females. Their offspring were assessed for hematological status at 6 to 18 weeks of age or were treated with either 3.3 Gy whole-body gamma rays or methylnitrosourea (MNU, 50 mg kg(-1)) and monitored for onset of malignancies of the lymphoid and hemopoietic system. As a group, offspring were normal hematologically, but up to 35% of individual mice had femoral cellularities and numbers of spleen and fibroblastoid colony-forming cells outside the normal range. Exposure of the offspring to radiation or MNU significantly increased the rate of incidence of lymphoid and myeloid leukemias. Simulation of the experiments with preconception gamma irradiation indicated that damage to the spermatogenic stem cell was an important factor. It is concluded that preconception paternal irradiation can influence susceptibility of offspring to a subsequent exposure to a carcinogen.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Accumulation of uranium, plutonium and americium by granulated microbial biosorbent].

A possibility of efficient extraction of 238U, 239Pu and 241Am by microorganisms from solutions with activity 520-3200 Bq/l has been shown on the example of microbial biosorbent (MBS). MBS presents water-resistant granules consisting of living microorganisms and nutrient substances. The ratio MBS:solution being equal to 1:100 and 1:20, microorganisms extracts 98.9 and 99.8% of 238U; 99.1 and 99.8% of 239Pu, 241Am, respectively. The worked out MBC granules may be utilized by burning with the 4-8 decrease of the volume. It is foreseen to use MBS in industrial processes of treatment of liquid radioactive waste (LRW) for uranium and transuranium elements.

Absorption↗