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PubMed1988

Sexual behaviour, a stress factor affecting ovulation and cycle length.

The hormonal profile and clinical picture of women, mean age 21 years, with aberrant anovulatory cycles, lasting from 35-65 days were presented. Although all subjects had orgasmic experiences by automanipulation, and 4 had sporadic sex with men, the fact of not having regular heterosexual relationship, acts as an emotional stress, with resulting higher PRL and urinary catecholamine level, as compared to an age-matched control group of 14 women, having regular 1-2 weekly coitus. Sexual behaviour affects cycle length and ovulation, having no effect on estradiol level. Menstrual disorders and aberrant long cycles, resulting from absence of or sporadic sexual encounters should not be treated. They are a temporary phenomenon, which disappears after establishment of normal heterosexual life-style.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Sexual disorders in women with slowly progressing schizophrenia].

The article deals with sexual disorders in the form of lack of libido, decreased libido, anorgasmy, decreased orgasmic response, loss of the emotional element of libido, predominance of the rational element of sexual libido, manifestations of pseudovaginismus and unmotivated revulsion toward sexual intercourse in women (aged 20-47 years) with slowly progressive schizophrenia and a 2-15 year history of the endogenic process. Definite correlations between psychopathological and sexual pathological manifestations have been ascertained. Sexual disorders were of a secondary systemic nature and were undetected if the endogenic process began after the completion of all stages of normal psychosexual development.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Development and testing of the circumvaginal muscles rating scale.

The purpose of this research was to develop an instrument for clinical assessment of the circumvaginal muscles (CVM), to test the reliability of the instrument, and to correlate sample characteristics with this instrument. The 9-point CVM Rating Scale is based on four components: pressure, duration, muscle ribbing, and position of the examiner's finger during examination. Reliability of the CVM Rating Scale was ascertained by use of interrater and test-retest reliability. Interrater reliability was tested on two separate occasions, N = 10, rho = 0.6, p less than .04; N = 10, rho = 0.7, p less than .05. A test-retest sequence was conducted 10 days apart, N = 10, rho = 0.9, p less than .003. Results from these tests indicated that the CVM Rating Scale is a reliable instrument for assessing CVM. A convenience sample of 30 women, aged 18-37, in good general health was tested, using the CVM Rating Scale. Women with a history of pelvic floor reconstructive surgery were excluded. A significant positive correlation between self-reported orgasm and the CVM Rating Scale total scores was found, chi 2 = 7.5, p less than .02. No significant correlations were found between age, race, parity, episiotomy, or self-reported Kegel exercises and the CVM Rating Scale total scores. The scale is a cost-effective, time-efficient, systematic assessment, accessible in clinical settings.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Effects of antidepressant medication on sexual function: a controlled study.

There has been little systematic study of the types of sexual dysfunction produced by antidepressant medication or of the frequency with which this type of adverse effect occurs. The authors report results of a double-blind study in which the effects of imipramine, phenelzine, and placebo on specific aspects of sexual function were assessed in depressed outpatients before and after 6 weeks of treatment. Both active treatments were associated with a high incidence of adverse changes in sexual function and produced significantly more adverse effects on sexual function than placebo. Orgasm and ejaculation were impaired to a greater extent than erection. Adverse sexual function changes secondary to antidepressant medication occurred frequently in both men and women, although men reported a higher incidence. Antidepressant-related sexual dysfunction may be of clinical importance for medication compliance in view of current recommendations that antidepressants be administered for longer periods as maintenance therapy or for prophylaxis.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Coitally active university students: sexual behaviors, concerns, and challenges.

The past fifteen years, in particular, have seen a major increase in the extent to which both adolescents and young adults are engaging in sexual intercourse. While several studies call attention to the increasing incidence among college/university students, the concomitant shifts in the sociopsychological realms of sexuality are also important dimensions which impact upon sexual concerns of youth. Hence, the purposes of this study are to examine the behaviors, attitudes, and concerns of students who have engaged in coitus, as well as any changes they seek in their sex lives. The sample consisted of 123 never-married male and 205 never-married female undergraduate students from a state university. The data were obtained by utilizing an anonymous questionnaire administered to volunteers during regular university classes. Among the coitally active, 67.4% of males were psychologically satisfied after their first sexual experience, but only 28.3% of females. In contrast, 80.9% of males and 28.3% of females reported current psychological satisfaction with their sexual experiences. Significant differences between genders focused on male dissatisfaction with infrequent opportunities for sexual intercourse, lack of variety of sex partners, and insufficient oral-genital stimulation, whereas females expressed concerns relating to lack of stimulation to their breasts, painful sexual intercourse, lack of orgasm during sexual intercourse, and feelings of guilt and fear. An increasing awareness of current sexual behaviors, attitudes, and concerns of university students can help family life educators to meet student needs as they react to changes in interpersonal relationships, families, and society.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Parity and sexual behavior in pregnancy.

Correlation between parity and sexual behavior during pregnancy was studied in 106 pluriparous and 69 primiparous patients. Sexual desire, frequency of coitus, frequency of orgasm, which partner initiated sexual activity, and level of sexual satisfaction were analyzed in the year before pregnancy and during pregnancy. Sexual desire, frequency of coitus, and sexual satisfaction were qualitatively equal in both groups. The frequency of coitus in particular decreased progressively in the three trimesters of pregnancy and more evidently in the pluriparous. The partner who initiated sexual activity most frequently was the male in the pluriparous group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Sexuality and urinary incontinence].

In an attempt to investigate correlations between sexuality and urinary incontinence (UI), fifty-one women with stress incontinence (18), urge incontinence (12), or combined stress/urge incontinence (21) were interviewed on their sexual behaviours, prior to and after development of UI. The results were compared with data on the average female population in the GDR. Women with subsequent UI were found to have perceived cohabitarche as extremely beautiful or disgusting or anorgastic with significantly higher frequency, as compared to the general female population. The average number of sexual partners and frequency of cohabitations had been higher with women in whom UI was to develop later on. Their sexual behaviours did not come closer to those of the general female population until UI was growing manifest. While marital problems were quoted as causes of UI by 39 per cent of the interviewers, only 14 per cent gave a negative assessment of their present partnerships. Reduced sexual relationships were often (47 per cent) offset by vicarious sexual activities. These women were more often than others suspected of trying to find a pretext for evading sexual intercourse on grounds of marital problems. Yet, one third of women with UI said that during orgasm they would strongly press downward, which might result in additional strain on the pelvic floor. In other words, sexual disorders and UI appeared to favour each other. Hence, psychosomatic and sexological investigations on interhuman relations should be adopted as part of comprehensive therapeutic planning to cope with urinary incontinence.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Sexual dysfunction in stroke patients.

The impact of cerebrovascular accident (CVA) on sexual behavior in stroke patients was studied in 113 patients (78 men, 35 women). Seventy-five patients were interviewed with their spouses present. The mean age of the men and women patients was 68.6 years and 68.0 years respectively. Significant decline in libido after stroke was reported by both men and women. The men had a significant decrease in ability to achieve erection and to ejaculate in the period after stroke. Similarly, significant problems were reported by the women regarding normal vaginal lubrication and orgasm after CVA. Sixty-six men (84%) and 21 women (60%) enjoyed their sex lives before their stroke as compared to only 23 men (30%) and 11 women (31%) after stroke. Seventy-four men (95%) and 27 women (76%) were satisfied with sexual activity before their stroke as compared to only 20 men (26%) and 13 women (37%) after stroke. Women patients with right-sided lesions had lesser decline in sexual function than women with left-sided lesions or men with either right or left hemispheric lesions. The most common factor identified as causing decline in sexual activity was the fear that having sex might adversely affect blood pressure and cause another stroke. The sexual problems of these patients are of sufficient magnitude and frequency to warrant further investigation of the physiologic effects of sexual activity on blood pressure and cardiac function after stroke.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Prevalence, goals and complications of heterosexual anal intercourse in a gynecologic population.

In a prevalence study of 526 consecutive gynecologic patients, a history of heterosexual anal intercourse (AI) was elicited in 25% and was a regular means of sexual gratification in 8% and was thus deemed active, pleasurable, and intercourse (APAI). The prevalence of AI and APAI was similar in patients of Mexican-American, Black-American and Anglo-American background and in patients older or younger than 30 years. The APAI participants were evenly distributed between cancer detection, family planning, free clinic and private consultant populations. The goals of the APAI group associated with heterosexual anal intercourse were pleasure, orgasm and contraception. The reported complications were infrequent and were related to infectious diseases, local irritation and trauma. Although the average duration of APAI was two years, no unusual pelvic or rectal characteristics were noted in these patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Effects of antiandrogenic treatment with cyproterone acetate on the sexual tonus in virilized women].

Sexual responsiveness was assessed in 46 virilized women during cyproterone acetate treatment over a period of several years according to a sexual score previously described. In general, sexual tonus was depressed by intensive cyproterone acetate medication of several months' duration without concurrent oestrogen. By changing to sequential therapy according to Hammerstein, however, sexual tonus returned to initial levels in the group with normal pre-medication responsiveness. Furthermore, in another group with diminished sexual tonus before treatment, sexual responsiveness, in particular the capacity for orgasm, was stimulated to the level of the first group. The endocrinological basis for this observation is discussed with aid of results of the plasma testosterone/sex hormone binding globulin complex.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Sexual experience and plasma testosterone levels in male veterans after spinal cord injury.

Fifty men with spinal cord injuries (SCI) were asked to complete a questionnaire concerning their sexuality before and after injury. Medical examination confirmed the location and completeness of the injury and extracted information about genitourologic status. The respondents rated sexuality highly as a concern in living, and a wide variety of sexual techniques were reported. A marked decrease in sexual activity, satisfaction, and feelings of sexual adequacy was reported after injury, as compared to retrospective "before injury" responses, lack of opportunity being reported as causative by 66% of the subjects and insufficient personal satisfaction by 59%. Seventy-five percent of the subjects experienced sexual arousal from genital stimulation, and several methods of eliciting erection were cited. Orgasm was described by a variety of terms. Significant differences were found between quadriplegic and paraplegic patients in answers to several items, though there was generally no difference between cervical and thoracic groups, which were more specifically broken down with respect to motor or sensory/complete or incomplete lesions. Plasma testosterone levels were found to fall well within the normal adult male range, as were levels of free testosterone and serum sex binding protein. The resulting information demonstrated more sexual concern among men with SCI than the literature previously indicated.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Female sexual response after hysterectomy].

A total of 214 patients who had undergone total hysterectomy were asked to answer a specially designed questionnaire. Those patients who had undergone bilateral oophorectomy, had no partner or who had received a high score on the Lie Scale were excluded from this study. Out of 171 patients, 67 patients (39.2%) complained of a deterioration of sexual desire. Coital frequency was found to have decreased in 65 patients (38.0%), while 80 patients (46.8%) stated that coital frequency had either not changed or had improved. Vaginal lubrication was seen to decrease in 79 patients (46.2%) and to increase or remain unchanged in 72 patients (42.1%). After hysterectomy, 77 patients (52.0%) felt a loss of femininity. In this group, 54 patients (70.1%) complained of a decrease in vaginal lubrication. On the other hand, in another group whose members felt no loss of femininity, a decrease in vaginal lubrication was found in only 25 patients (35.2%). There were 39 patients (27.1%) who had felt a loss of uterine sensation during coitus after hysterectomy. In this group, 27 patients (69.2%) complained of a decrease in the ability to climax. On the other hand, the patients who had not felt any loss of uterine sensation during coitus reported no difficulty in achieving orgasm after hysterectomy in 86 out of 105 cases (81.9%).

Anxiety↗
PubMed1982

Sexual behavior during pregnancy.

This descriptive study of sexual behavior and response in 1500 obstetric patients registering for prenatal care demonstrates complex interactions of various sociodemographic factors. Variables most predictive of coital frequency during pregnancy include marital status, gestational age, parity, and race, as well as some unique combinations of statistics. Orgasmic response increases with patient age but lack of understanding of the terminology makes further interpretation unreliable. Dyspareunia is experienced infrequently during pregnancy. When it occurs, it decreases coital frequency in single women more than in married women. Studies examining differences or changes in sexual behavior during pregnancy versus fetal outcome must take into account that factors known to affect fetal outcome are also associated with changes in sexual behavior.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

A circumvaginal muscle nomogram: a new diagnostic tool for evaluation of female sexual dysfunction.

Female orgasmic capacity was previously shown to vary significantly with the condition of the pubococcygeus muscle as evaluated by an extensive digital examination and readings from a perineometer, a pressure sensitive device inserted into the vagina. Subsequently, a discriminant analysis was applied to 6 types of perineometer readings to determine if an optimal combination of readings could alone serve as an accurate evaluation of muscle condition. Initial strength resting and initial strength contracting predicted "good" versus "bad" muscle with 73.4% accuracy. A nomogram is presented for clinical use.

Female↗
PubMed1980

The practical management of the otherwise fully sexually responsive woman who complains of inability to climax during intercourse.

Many women who can climax easily with their partner to direct clitoral stimulation are unable to reach orgasm during intercourse unless they receive supplementary manual clitoral stimulation. Such women frequently consult their physician for advice. This two-part article aims to provide clear practical guidelines to the management of this situation.

Clitoris↗
PubMed1980

Hormones and sexuality: effect of estrogen and progestogen.

This study was planned to determine the effects of estrogen and progestogen on female sexual behavior. Forty-nine women who had undergone hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy took part in a double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over study. Over a 12-month period each woman received 3 months each of ethinyl estradiol, 50 microgram per day; levonorgestrel, 250 microgram per day; combination of these 2 substances (Nordiol); and a placebo. Significant differences between medications were found in sexual desire, enjoyment, and orgasmic frequency. The most beneficial effects occurred during medication with ethinyl estradiol. There were no differences observed in the effect of homones or placebo on coital rate or on the analogue rating scales scored daily. The validity of this scale in the present study is questionable.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Cathartic effects in autogenic training and its therapeutic benefit].

During the solar plexus exercises within the AT certain spontaneous sexual excitement or orgasm can take place. These kathartisch effects discovered for the first time by Wallnöfer and Luthe can be used legitimately for the treatment of anorgasmie. The combination of the autogen treatment together with open discussion between patient and doctor and thereby the revealing of the unknown seat of the problem can be of definite importance to the therapeutic success. Should the patient be of a hysterical nature, this treatment should not be used.

Abreaction↗
PubMed1995

Effect of lichen sclerosus on sexual function and parturition.

Women attending a dermatologic vulvar clinic were asked to reply by mail to an anonymous questionnaire asking simple questions about sexual function and pregnancy following the development of lichen sclerosus. Additional comments were invited from respondents. The majority of women of all ages reported that lichen sclerosus had a detrimental effect on sexual function, with problems including dyspareunia, apareunia and difficulty achieving orgasm. The symptoms may relate to continuing inflammatory disease as well as to anatomic changes and scarring from long-standing active disease. Disease-suppressing therapy should be instituted at the earliest opportunity, and surgery to reverse the effects of scarring should be considered.

Adult↗