Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “IRIDECTOMY”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 865 records · Page 48Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Autologous iris pigment epithelial cell transplantation in monkey subretinal region.

PURPOSE: To establish autologous iris pigment epithelial (IPE) cell transplantation in monkey eyes. METHODS: Autologous IPE cells from three monkeys were obtained by peripheral iridectomy, and cell culture was performed with autologous serum. The cultured cells were labeled with DiI, and transplantation was performed by transvitreal approach to the submacular region of each monkey. Fundus examination, photography, and fluorescein angiography were performed monthly. Histochemical analysis and electron microscopy were also performed six months after transplantation. RESULTS: Auto IPE cells grew well in auto serum. No fluorescein leakage or retinal thickening was observed after submacular transplantation. We demonstrated the presence of autologous IPE cells in the region 6 months after transplantation by histologic and electron microscopic examination. Electron microscopy also demonstrated that the transplanted cells appeared to be less pigmented and to have less mitochondria than did the host retinal pigment epithelial cells. However, some transplanted cells looked as if they embrace the photoreceptor outer segments. DISCUSSION: Autologous IPE cell culture of the monkey was established using auto serum. Six months after transplantation of the cultured IPE cells, we could still observe the cells in the region. This method may have potential use in human disease that requires autologous cell transplantation to prevent host-graft rejection, and to provide an alternative substance that functions like retinal pigment epithelium.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Intravitreal antibiotic injection and vitrectomy in acute bacterial endophthalmitis.

Two days after an unplanned extra-capsular cataract extraction with sector iridectomy, a patient showed typical signs of bacterial endophthalmitis. Vitreous and aqueous were aspirated for culture, and gentamicin and dexamethasone were injected. Twenty-four hours later, after isolation of Staphylococcus epidermidis, a vitrectomy to remove the central vitreous was done. Postoperatively, vision progressively improved; at the last review nine months after vitrectomy, visual acuity was 20/50.

Anterior Chamber↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Corneal endothelial cell loss after multiple vitreoretinal procedures and the use of silicone oil.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Corneal decompensation and complications are a frequent cause of visual loss after vitreoretinal surgery. This paper presents data regarding endothelial cell loss in aphakic and pseudophakic silicone oil filled eyes when oil was retained for many months. This study updates our previous investigation on the subject. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The corneal endothelial cell count of 10 eyes of 10 consecutive patients who had undergone vitreoretinal surgery, including fluid-gas exchange and ultimately silicone oil placement, were obtained. The patients underwent an average of 2.7+/-0.9 vitreoretinal procedures before the final procedure which induced the placement of silicone oil in the vitreous cavity. All had inferior iridectomies. The endothelial cell density measurements were obtained an average of 1 year after silicone oil placement. In all eyes, the oil was felt necessary for long term tamponade and therefore was not removed. The cell density of the operated eye was compared to the fellow eye, none of which had undergone silicone oil placement. RESULTS: Both gas and retained silicone oil contribute to the loss of corneal endothelial cell density. The average endothelial cell loss in the 10 eyes with oil retained for an average of 10+/-12 months was 68.8 +/-31.4%, as compared to the fellow eye. The average cell loss was higher in the three eyes with silicone oil in the anterior chamber (range 44 to >95%). Pseudophakic eyes fared better, on average, than aphakic eyes (51.66+/-28% vs. 66.63+/-26.3%) with respect to cell loss. Five aphakic eyes and 1 pseudophakic eye developed corneal edema. CONCLUSIONS: Endothelial cell loss occurs after vitreoretinal surgery and is exacerbated by long term silicone oil retention. The corneal endothelial cell damage is probably cumulative from procedure to procedure. Endothelial cell loss may be pronounced in eyes without a physical barrier between the anterior segment and the vitreous cavity, and in eyes where oil migrates into anterior chamber.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Acute glaucoma following endarterectomy of internal carotid artery].

A 71 year-old woman had 85% and 60% stenoses of the right and left internal carotid arteries, respectively. Right-sided endarterectomy was performed because of amaurosis fugax. Two days postoperatively, she developed classical symptoms and signs of acute glaucoma. Right-sided acute angle closure glaucoma was diagnosed by tonometry and gonioscopy, and treated with laser-iridectomy. The patient was discharged two days later without neurological or ophthalmological deficits. Manifest acute glaucoma postoperatively seems never to have been reported. However, the choroid is not autoregulated, and the intraocular pressure has been reported to increase after internal carotid-endarterectomy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2000

Epithelioid granuloma in the iris of a lepromatous leprosy patient; an unusual finding.

This case report depicts a case of histopathologically confirmed polar lepromatous (LL) leprosy with a bacterial index of 4+. He experienced recurrent episodes of erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) in the first 5 years after diagnosis. Skin smears became negative after 6 years of dapsone monotherapy and have remained negative since that time. At 23 years after diagnosis, the patient had developed cataracts and underwent intracapsular cataract extractions with broad-based iridectomies. In one of the iris specimens, histopathologic examination revealed a focal granuloma composed of epithelioid cells. Subsequently a lepromin skin test showed a positive Mitsuda reaction with a borderline tuberculoid histopathology. This clearly illustrates the immunological upgrading of a polar lepromatous patient, perceived first in the iris tissue.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Iridoschisis--case report].

The authors present an account of a 78-year-old female patient with bilateral iridoschisis. The disease was present in the lower portions of the iris. The pupil was centred, mobile. Part of the ruptured fibres of the iris floated freely in the anterior chamber. The cornea was not decompensated. The patient had open angle glaucoma and cataract. The method of choice in the treatment of the condition is laser iridotomy or microsurgical iridectomy and extraction of the cataract with implantation of PC IOL. Conservative treatment attempts to prevent possible damage of the optic nerve.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Histological effects in the iris after 3 months of latanoprost therapy: the Mainz 1 study.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether 3 months of topical latanoprost treatment caused proliferative or degenerative effects on the peripheral iris of patients with glaucoma. METHODS: Seventeen patients requiring filtering surgery for primary open-angle glaucoma or pseudoexfoliation glaucoma were randomized to receive topical latanoprost for 3 months (n = 8) or alternative medication (n = 9) before surgery. A trabeculectomy and a peripheral iridectomy specimen was obtained from each patient during surgery. The tissue was subjected to histological and immunohistochemical evaluation using 2 cell cycle markers: proliferating cell nuclear antigen and nuclear-associated protein (Ki-67). RESULTS: No degenerative or pathological changes were seen in the latanoprost-treated irides, including the one specimen in this series in which there was an eye color change. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen and nuclear-associated protein markers were negative for changes in all the test specimens. CONCLUSION: Short-term treatment with latanoprost does not produce morphological changes or cellular proliferation changes in the iris.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Improved technology of simultaneous penetrating keratoplasty and second implantation of posterior chamber intraocular lens in complete or extensive absence of the posterior lenticular capsule].

The authors describe in detail improved technology of simultaneous keratoplasty and second (re)implantation of posterior-chamber disc intraocular lens (IOL) into aphakic and artiphakic eyes (103 operations) in cases with complete or extensive absence of the posterior capsule of the lens. Disc Saturn and TIOL IOLs with circulating supporting elements 7.5 mm in diameter were placed into the posterior chamber using a safe supporting suture and then fixed to the posterior surface of the iris in 2-3 sites. In order to prevent the pupil blocking, basal iridectomies were made in 2-4 sectors; intraoperative bleeding from iridal vessels was arrested by tamponade of the anterior chamber with a hemostatic collagen sponge, and "atonic" mydriasis was removed surgically. A lower incidence of intra- and postoperative complications (injuries to corneal graft endothelium and hemorrhages), reliable fixation of IOL, and good functional results (increase of visual acuity by 0.05-0.8 diopters) attained in 70% patients recommend this single-stage operation for practical ophthalmology.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Microsurgical roto-extractor instrument for vitrectomy.

A double-edged cutting blade oscillates between a clockwise and a counter-clockwise high speed rotation without completing a full revolution. This imparts a great mechanicaldvantage and safety to the instrument's cutting efficiency. The cutter may also be used with a continuous high speed clockwise rotation. Multiple interchangeable probe tips are used that are of either double- or triple-walled construction. A fiber-optic light pipe surrounds the probe tip used for deep vitrectomy in conjunction with an irrigated fundus lens. A film will illustrate the use of the roto-extractor in two diabetic patients with old unabsorbed vitreous hemorrhage and membranes. In the first case, a pars plana incision was used for vitrectomy in conjunction with a cataract extraction. In the second case, the para plana vitrectomy was combined with an optical iridectomy necessitated by the presence of an updrawn pupil following previous cataract extraction complicated by vitreous loss. To date, 12 roto-extractors have been distributed to 12 various teaching institutions throughout the United States.

Cataract Extraction↗
PubMed1997

[Eye Department of the Copenhagen Municipality. Part I: 1864-1929].

On occasion of the total discontinuation of the independent Eye Department of the Copenhagen Municipality in December 1996 replaced by Rigshospitalet (the State Hospital) and Frederiksberg Hospital (H.S., Hovedstadens Sygehusfaellesskab) the first half of its history will be outlined below. The first municipal eye department was St. Annae Eye Hospital (Prince Willhelm's Palace) opened in 1864 to relieve the pressure on Department I of General Surgery in the Copenhagen Municipal Hospital. It was established because of the military epidemic eye disease which was due presumably to an adenovirus, in some cases complicated by trachoma, allergy, eye diphtheria or possibly gonorrhoea. The head of the Eye Hospital was Heinrich Lehmann (1815-90) who had been, as early as 1852, the first to demonstrate in Denmark the ophthalmoscope (invented by Herman v. Helmholtz in 1850). From 1855 Lehmann was in charge of a municipal ophthalmological out-patient department in Vingaardsstraede. St. Annae Eye Hospital was closed down 9 months later, as the epidemic was decreasing. Eye diseases were still treated in Department I of the Municipal Hospital under Carl David Withusen (1822-74) who was not "merely" a general surgeon, but also an eye surgeon like his father, Carl Christopher W., and published papers on cataract surgery and iridectomy, operations which his father had also done previously. ...

Community Health Centers↗
PubMed1998

[The eye department at Copenhagen municipal hospital: part 2: Holm's epoch, 1929-57].

Ejler Holm (1887-1966) was the chief at the eye department, the Municipal Hospital in Copenhagen in the period 1929-57. He got the longest period in the history of the department, 28 years. Holms qualification to get the appointment are described, especially in his medical thesis concerning the yellow pigment in the central part of the retina (bleaching opsin). Never the less he got an unjustified attack from the opponent professor Marius Tscherning (1854-1939) including the theory of duplicity (day function and night function of the human eye), and the German ophthalmic science. The struggle to become professor ophthalmologiae at the University of Copenhagen in 1925 is mentioned. The eye diseases and their therapy in the period are exemplified from original patient records from 1930 (tuberculosis, venerea, dry eye, morsum hirudin etc.), 1940 (chemotherapeutica, trachoma, glaucoma etc.) and 1949 (penicillin, injections of milk i.m., cauterisation, trachoma etc.), supplemented by Holms records from own practic in 1934, surgery protocols and statistical material from the period. The number of cataract extractions (extracapsular) increased considerable with more liberal indication and regime. Also the number of squint operations are increasing, where sutures are more often used. Glaucoma-surgery increased only slightly with more filtering operations (Elliots trepanation, Holth-iridencleise) instead of simple iridectomy. Eye pathological examinations become more qualified. Psychiatric, simulating and troublesome patients are described. There are very great difference between diagnosis and treatment at that time, compared with today.

Denmark↗
PubMed2000

[Ultrasound biomicroscopic examination of secondary pupillary block glaucoma].

OBJECTIVE: To study the imaging characteristics of ultrasound biomicroscopy of secondary pupillary block glaucoma. METHODS: 11 cases with pupillary block glaucoma diagnosed by ultrasound biomicroscopy were studied which had been suspected as malignant glaucoma at the beginning. RESULTS: There were no obviously typical characteristics of pupillary block glaucoma shown in the images of ultrasound biomicroscopy in these cases. However, the existence of posterior chamber in each case strongly supported the diagnosis of pupillary block glaucoma. The imaging characteristics of ultrasound biomicroscopy were different in terms of the different primary disorders which resulted in the pupillary block glaucoma including iridocyclitis, lens subluxation resulted from trauma and glaucoma filtration surgery. In the cases of lens subluxation, the main characteristic was the increase of the distance between the lens and the ciliary process at the site of subluxation and the lens forward movement. In the cases of iridocyclitis, anterior and posterior synechiae were the main characteristics. And in the cases of glaucoma filtration surgery there were two main characteristics. One was that the distance between the ciliary process and the equator of lens existed obviously, and the other was the occlusion of the inner ostium of glaucoma filtration surgery or peripheral iridectomy. CONCLUSION: Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) has important value in the diagnosis of secondary pupillary block glaucoma and the differentiation between it and malignant glaucoma. Whether the posterior chamber exists or not is the differential point between the pupillary block glaucoma and the malignant glaucoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Trabeculectomy.

The more important surgical steps in a trabeculectomy are the creation of a lamellar-scleral flap, the excision of a block of limbal tissue without damaging underlying structures, the creation of a basal peripheral iridectomy, and, finally, the closing of the scleral flap to maintain fluid within the anterior chamber. Careful attention to certain modifications of these steps can prevent the most common operative complications that occur with this procedure. One method is described in this paper.

Anterior Chamber↗
PubMed2001

[The long-term follow up after trabeculectomy].

THE AIM OF THE STUDY: To estimate the efficacy of trabeculectomy for primary open angle glaucoma. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Since 1990 to 2000 we observed 91 eyes of 79 patients (53 women and 26 men) aged 39-86. The results of performed surgery were valued directly after the trabeculectomy and in period of over 8 years. We carried out the examinations of visual acuity, intraocular pressure, visual field, state of optic nerve head, type of bleb following trabeculectomy and the necessity of applying additional topical treatment. The trabeculectomies were performed in a typical way. Some surgeons made a square or triangular superficial scleral flap based at the limbus, measuring from 2.5 x 3.0 to 4 x 4 mm or 3 x 3 mm. The deep block of scleral tissue with trabeculum (from 0.5 x 1.0 to 2.5 x 3.0 mm) was excised, the superficial cauterisation and the peripheral iridectomy were performed in every case. The scleral flap and conjunctiva were sutured with 10/0 Ethilon, 8/0 Vicryl or 6/0 Mersilk. RESULTS: The patients were divided into 3 groups depending on observation period: I--up to 4 years, II--from 5 to 8 years, III--over 8 years. We confirmed the normalisation of IOP in 80%, 73%, 90% and the successful control of visual field (no progress) in 82%, 77%, 70% of adequate groups. In the first and second group 45-50% of patients could resist from topical treatment, but after 8 years as many as 80% required additional pharmacological treatment. CONCLUSION: The trabeculectomy is the effective surgery in most patients with open angle glaucoma. The effectiveness of trabeculectomy can be controlled by the size of extracted deep scleral flap with trabeculum. For the stability of visual field it is necessary to keep the intraocular pressure at 13-18 mm Hg level.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[ND YAG laser impact for creating a pupil].

PURPOSE: Using the energy of Nd YAG laser for creating a pupil and achievement of best functional and esthetic effect. MATERIAL AND METHODS: For creating a pupil in membranous cataract and pupillar membranes we used Nidek Nd YAG laser in 53 eyes with pseudophakia, senile and traumatic aphakia. We used individual method of approach in each eye. In some of the eyes a complex of laser treatment: membranectomy, iridectomy, anterior vitreolysis in several treatments. We defined the average power of the laser beam and the average number of applications for attaining best results. RESULTS: The creation of pupil plan was connected with the immediate improvement of the visual acuity. In 41 of the eyes (77.35%) it reached value between 0.4 and 1.0. The IOP was compensated up to the 24th hour with local beta-block. CONCLUSION: The use of the Nd YAG laser energy for creating a pupil is uninvasive, modern, spare microsurgical method. An excellent functional and esthetic effect was achieved and no adjacent tissue was damaged while using it in closed eye ball conditions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Post-traumatic glaucoma].

This paper presents theoretical aspects concerning the physiopathological mechanisms involved in producing the glaucoma following trauma, especially the lens related glaucoma, correct identification of the ethiopathogeny of the intraocular pressure elevation in this situation is essential for the appropriate management. These aspects are illustrated by two cases of recent glaucoma following trauma lens related (lens subluxation) treated by medication and surgery. The surgical procedure consisted of intracapsular extraction of the lens, anterior vitrectomy, iridectomy and implantation of sulcus sutured posterior chamber lens. We present the technique, the difficulties met intra- and postoperative, evolution and prognosis.

Eye Injuries↗
PubMed2002

Pupillary block glaucoma following implantation of a posterior chamber pseudophakos in the anterior chamber.

Pupillary block glaucoma is a common complication of cataract surgery, especially following anterior chamber intraocular lens implantation. We report a case of pupillary block glaucoma with a posterior chamber IOL that was implanted in the anterior chamber following a complicated extracapsular cataract extraction. The case was successfully managed by explantation of the posterior chamber lens, anterior vitrectomy, peripheral iridectomy and secondary anterior chamber intraocular lens implantation. The intraocular pressure was controlled with a single topical antiglaucoma medication.

Anterior Chamber↗
PubMed2002

[Prognosis in juvenile glaucoma after trabeculectomy].

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of trabeculectomy in the patients with juvenile glaucoma in the long-term follow-up. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In 22 of 37 patients--41 trabeculectomies with basal iridectomy were performed. The age of children ranged from 6 to 18 years, mean 12.4 years. In one eye of 15-year-old boy we used Mitomycin C during reoperation. The follow-up period ranged from 2 to 14 years, mean 8 years. Patients were divided into 2 groups depending on the follow-up: I group (19 eyes) was observed 2-6 years, mean 5.1 years, II group (18 eyes) 7-14 years, mean 11.1 years. In the I group 57.9% and in the II group 61% of children were myopic. RESULTS: Intraocular pressure lower or equal to 21 mmHg with no glaucoma medication was obtained in 79% of eyes in the I group and 66.7% of eyes in the II group. The difference was not statistically significant. In other eye local application of B-blockers and dorzolamid decreased intraocular pressure to values safe for the optic nerve, what was monitored by visual acuity and laser scanning tomography. CONCLUSION: Prognosis of juvenile glaucoma patients treated with trabeculectomy is satisfactory but the effectiveness of this procedure decreases together with the elongation of the follow-up period.

Adolescent↗