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At least 865 records · Page 48Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Analysis of the core and E1 envelope region sequences of a novel variant of hepatitis C virus obtained in Indonesia.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is currently classified into 6 major types, HCV-1 through -6, each of which can be further divided into a few subtypes, e.g., HCV-1a, -1b, -1c, etc., on the basis of sequence variation of the viral genome. The core and E1 envelope regions of HCV genome were amplified from sera of Indonesian patients using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Sequence analysis of both core and E1 regions followed by molecular evolutionary phylogenetic analysis identified a novel sequence variant of HCV-1 (Td-6). Antibodies in the serum from which Td-6 was isolated reacted only marginally to the core protein of HCV-J, a representative strain of HCV-1b, despite strong antibody response against a mixture of the core, NS3 and NS4 proteins of HCV-1a. The possible mechanism for the diminished reactivity of the antibodies in the serum to the core protein of HCV-J is discussed.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Medical students as manpower for sterilization in Indonesia.

Family planning is a primary program of the Indonesian Government. To achieve the goal of the two-child family, the Indonesian National Family Planning Board is utilizing medical students to participate in the program. Each year, 1500 medical students graduate, 80-90 of them from Udayana University. Since 1971, when female sterilization was introduced, demand for this method of family planning has increased each month. Medical students are now being trained to perform female sterilization and to provide family planning counselling.

Counseling↗
PubMed1988

Return to fertility after discontinuation of copper IUD use: a study of 55 pregnancies involving Multiload Cu-250 users among private patients in Indonesia.

Return to fertility after discontinuation of use of the Multiload Cu-250 intrauterine device was found to be excellent. This was the conclusion of a seven-year study of 55 pregnancies involving 53 MLCu250 users who had their devices removed because they wanted another child. Average age was 25.02 years and average parity 1.25. Length of IUD use ranged between 1.00 and 66.42 months, averaging 27.28 months. Interval between time of removal and first day of the last menstrual period (REM-LMP) prior to conception ranged from -0.51 to 49.03 months, with an average of 5.90 months. In four cases removal was not followed by any further periods. Thirty-five (63.64%) pregnancies occurred within six months and seven (12.72%) between six and twelve months after removal. Of the 55 conceptions, 46 (83.63%) took place within one year and a total of 52 (94.54%) within two years after IUD discontinuation. The length of IUD use appeared not to affect negatively either the return to fertility or the outcome of pregnancy and offspring. In the 14 cases involving extended use of the MLCu250 beyond three years, the average REM-LMP interval was 4.15 months. Outcome of pregnancy and offspring was generally good. Except for two spontaneous abortions, one premature and two post-mature births, one case of atonic postpartum hemorrhage and one neonatal death due to respiratory distress involving a child with Down's syndrome, all other pregnancies progressed to term, with the birth weights of the newborns in 43 cases averaging 3387 grams. Of the 42 newborns with known gender, 26 (61.90%) were male and 16 (38.10%) were female. Whether this decidedly above-normal male to female ratio at birth of 162.50 (against a norm of 105-106) was a consequence of previous copper IUD use merits further study.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Pre-literate people in New Guinea and Indonesia draw specifically distorted faces, as do 'Western' dyslexics, using a paleo visual-representational mode.

Third World populations with a persisting high percentage of preliterates within individual groups draw specifically distorted patterns of the human face characteristic of 'neolithic art' to a degree negatively correlated with the accessibility of reading instruction. A subgroup of 'Western' dyslexic youths also draw these distorted face patterns, which, moreover, facilitate infants 'smiling response'. These findings suggest the persistence of a developmentally early visual representational mode which proceeds in a global way, disregarding differences in characterizing details, whether of face patterns or of lexical symbols.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Use of disophenol for the control of Haemonchus contortus in sheep in West Java, Indonesia.

The result of a field trial investigating the anthelmintic effect of disophenol against H. contortus in sheep raised under Asian small farming practice is reported. it was clearly shown that a single injection of disophenol suppressed the numbers of H. contortus to very low levels for periods up to 3 months despite the presence of large populations of H. contortus infective larvae available on pasture and herbage grasses.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Comparison of lamb production from indigenous and exotic x indigenous ewes in Indonesia.

Lamb production in relation to total feed consumption was recorded in Javanese thin tail (JTT) ewes and in first cross Suffolk x JTT (SX), Wiltshire Horn x JTT (WX) and Poll Dorset x JTT (DX) ewes over three successive lambings or for 21/2 years after joining with rams of the same genotypes in a continuous mating system. For the JTT, SX, WX and DX genotypes respectively, total numbers of lambs weaned per ewe joined were 3.77, 2.50, 2.08 and 1.33, mean lamb body weights at weaning were 12.8, 18.8, 18.6 and 20.9 kg, total weights of lamb weaned per ewe joined were 48.4, 46.9, 38.8 and 27.9 kg, and average weights of feed consumed by the whole production system per kg of lamb weaned were 16.4, 21.9, 23.5 and 32.8 kg. Thus cross-bred ewes required more feed to produce fewer though heavier lambs without any real increase in total productivity.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1989

Hepatitis B virus infection in liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in Jakarta Indonesia.

The relationship between hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and 144 cases with liver cirrhosis (LC) and 82 cases with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), admitted to the Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusmo Hospital in Jakarta, was investigated within the period from January 1 until December 31, 1984. The prevalence of HBsAg in 144 cases with LC was 41.1%, anti-HBs 33.3% and anti-HBc alone 16.0%. In only 9.0% no markers were found. The prevalence of HBeAg in 60 cases HBsAg positive LC was 35.0%, anti-HBe was 41.7% and in 23.3% both markers were negative. Among 82 cases with HCC, the prevalence of HBsAg was 47.6%, anti-HBs was 25.6% and anti-HBc alone was 15.9%. The prevalence of HBeAg in 39 cases with HCC was 25.6%, anti-HBe was 51.3% and in 23.1% both markers were negative. Age distribution between HBsAg positive and negative in LC was observed significant difference (P less than 0.05). Mean age of HBsAg positive group in LC was 5 years younger than that of the HBsAg negative group.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

The prevalence of antibody to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) in patients with acute and chronic liver diseases in Jakarta, Indonesia.

The seroepidemiology of HBV and HCV infections in the patients with acute and chronic liver diseases in Jakarta was investigated. The sera from 141 cases with acute hepatitis, 176 liver cirrhosis and 70 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were examined. Anti-HA IgM, HBsAg, anti-HBc IgM and anti HCV (Ortho) were detected by Elisa method. In acute hepatitis, 83 cases (58.9%) out of 141 cases were hepatitis A and 9 cases (6.4%) hepatitis B. The others were diagnosed non-A, non-B (NANB) hepatitis and anti-HCV in 4 cases (11.8%) out of 34 cases with NANB hepatitis was positive. The low prevalence of anti-HCV in acute NANB hepatitis seems to be due to inadequate date of serum sampling. HBsAg and anti-HCV in liver cirrhosis were positive 36.5% and 73.9% respectively, including 22.7% of double infection. HBsAg and anti-HCV in HCC were 58.6% and 34.2%, including 17.1% of double infection. In 16.7% fo chronic liver disease (liver cirrhosis and HCC), neither HBsAg nor anti-HCV were detected.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1991

Hepatitis B and C virus infection in Ujung Pandang, Indonesia.

A survey was performed to investigate HBV and HCV infection in Ujung Pandang. The total number of subjects was 406; 196 blood donors, 78 cases of acute hepatitis, 43 of chronic hepatitis, 58 of liver cirrhosis and 31 of hepatocellular carcinoma cases. HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc as HBV markers and anti-HCV (ELISA, Ortho) as an HCV marker were tested. Positive rates of HBsAg and anti HCV among blood donors were 7.1% and 3.1% respectively, and there was no significant difference among age groups. Donors negative for all viral markers accounted for 21.4%. Of acute hepatitis cases, 18 (23.1%) cases were hepatitis A and 8 (10.3%) cases were hepatitis B, one case of which was considered to be double infection. Acute exacerbation cases of HBV carriers were 16 (20.5%), of which 6 cases were positive for HCV antibody. Those diagnosed non-A, non-B hepatitis were 37 (47.4%), of which 3 cases where positive for HCV antibody. Blood samples from all of acute hepatitis cases were obtained within 1 week after onset of the disease, thus, it was not possible to accurately assess prevalence of hepatitis C. Positive rates on HBsAg among chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma were 25.4%, 32.8% and 35.5% respectively, while those for HCV antibody were 16.3%, 43.1% and 35.5% respectively. Positive rates of HBsAg and HCV antibody for overall chronic liver diseases were 31.1% and 32.6%, and 14 (10.6%) were positive for both markers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Seroepidemiology of HBV and HCV infection in Jakarta, Indonesia.

A total of 545 serum samples were consecutively collected from patients with acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, chronic hemodialysis and voluntary blood donors to study the seroepidemiology of HBV and HCV infection in Jakarta. Fourteen out of 243 or 5.8% samples from blood donors were HBsAg-positive, while HCV-antibodies (anti-C100 and/or anti-CP9 and/or anti-CP10) positivity rate was found in 59 out of 243 or 24.3%. Out of 91 donors aged 29 years or younger, 15 (16.5%) donors turned positive for HCV-antibody (-ies), while out of 152 donors aged 30 years or above, 44 (28.9%) donors were anti-HCV-positive, showing a higher HCV-antibody prevalence among higher age group. Among 88 acute hepatitis patients, 33 (37.5%) cases, 10 (11.4%) cases, 15 (17.0%) cases and 30 (34.1%) cases were diagnosed as hepatitis A, hepatitis B, acute exacerbation of HCV carriers, and NANB hepatitis respectively. HCV-antibodies were found in 15 (45.5%) of hepatitis A cases and 6 (40.0%) of acute exacerbation of HBV carrier cases, but found only in 9 (30.0%) of acute NANB hepatitis cases. Positivity rates of HCV-antibodies among 23 chronic hepatitis, 80 liver cirrhosis and 64 hepatocellular carcinoma cases were 78.3%, 75.0% and 65.6% respectively, while 30.4%, 30.0% and 45.3% of the respective groups were positive for HBs antigen. Among 47 hemodialysis cases, 97.9% and 6.4% were positive for HCV antibodies and HBs antigen respectively. It was concluded that: (1) HBV infection rate is high among blood donors and patients with acute and chronic liver diseases. (2) HCV infection rate is high among blood donors.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗