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At least 865 records · Page 48Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Hypothesis on the mechanism of resistance to fluconazole in Histoplasma capsulatum.

An AIDS patient with disseminated histoplasmosis who improved during treatment with fluconazole but remained fungemic and subsequently relapsed is described. Isolates obtained from blood during therapy showed a progressive increase in fluconazole MIC from 0.625 to 20 micrograms/ml. The pretreatment, or parent, isolate and the posttreatment, or relapse, isolate demonstrated identical genetic patterns by PCR fingerprinting with three different primers. Fluconazole was less potent inhibitor of the growth of the relapse isolate than of the pretreatment isolate (50% inhibitory concentration [IC50] = 11.7 microM), while itraconazole was more potent (relapse isolate IC50 = 0.0011 microM versus pretreatment isolate IC50 = 0.0064 microM). Neither the increased sensitivity to itraconazole nor the decreased activity of fluconazole on the growth of the relapse isolate results from changes in the intracellular content of these agents. To reach 50% inhibition of ergosterol synthesis in both the parent and relapse isolates, about 2 nM itraconazole was needed; with fluconazole, 50% inhibition was achieved at 20.9 microM and 55.5 microM, respectively. Resistance to fluconazole may develop during treatment and results from decreased sensitivity of ergosterol synthesis.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1997

Recombinant Coccidioides immitis complement-fixing antigen: detection of an epitope shared by C. immitis, Histoplasma capsulatum, and Blastomyces dermatitidis.

We undertook an investigation to assess the utility of a recombinant Coccidioides immitis complement-fixing (CF) antigen for detecting CF antibody in sera from patients with coccidioidomycosis. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays established that recombinant CF antigen and, for comparison, a commercially available coccidioidin were reactive with 19 of 19 sera from patients with active coccidioidomycosis. The recombinant antigen was significantly more sensitive than coccidioidin. The median titer obtained when patients' sera were assayed against recombinant CF antigen was 1:51,200 compared to 1:25,600 with coccidioidin (P < 0.027). The recombinant antigen was also more effective in distinguishing the antibody levels in sera from patients with pulmonary coccidioidomycosis than in sera from those with disseminated disease. Whereas patients with pulmonary disease showed a median antibody titer of 1:25,600, those with multifocal disease showed a median titer of 1:102,400 (P < 0.028). The recombinant CF antigen was found, however, to express an epitope(s) that reacted with sera from 6 of 12 patients with histoplasmosis and 2 of 12 patients with blastomycosis.

Antibodies, Fungal↗
PubMed1976

H and M antigens of Histoplasma capsulatum: preparation of antisera and location of these antigens in yeast-phase cells.

Antiserum has been prepared in rabbits against the H and M antigens of H. capsulatum with immunoelectrophoretic precipitin arcs used as vaccines. The antiserum is specific for H. capsulatum in the immunodiffusion test and can be used as reference serum for identifying antibodies to these antigens in sera from suspected cases histoplasmosis. We found that (1) hand m antigens are not located on the surface of yeast-phase cells and (ii) complement fixation releases the antigens reactive in the complement fixation test from yeast-phase cells.

Antibodies, Fungal↗