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PubMed1993

The visual system of the Florida garfish, Lepisosteus platyrhincus (Ginglymodi). II. Cornea and lens.

The cornea of the Florida gar, Lepisosteus platyrhincus (Ginglymodi) was examined at the scanning and transmission electron microscopic levels. In addition, the schematic eye of the garfish was revealed by frozen sectioning of the whole orbit in the horizontal and transverse planes. The lens is spherical, obeys Matthiessen's ratio, and is supported by a dorsal suspensory ligament and a ventral retractor lentis muscle. The cornea, devoid of a spectacle, is comprised anteriorly of an epithelium (eight to ten cells thick) and covered by a layer of flattened cells up to 26 microns in diameter. On the scanning electron microscope, these cells appear to be covered in microplicae and microvilli. Beneath the epithelium lies a granular basement membrane abutting a true Bowman's layer, composed of a random arrangement of collagen fibrils with no keratocytes. The corneal stroma constitutes 54% of the total thickness and contains 55-65 collagen fibril lamellae, oriented perpendicular to neighbouring lamellae. Scattered keratocytes, containing large amounts of mitochondria, lipid droplets and glycogen granules lie in between the perpendicularly oriented lamellae. Posterior to the stroma is a thin and partially broken basement membrane (no true Descemet's membrane exists), adjacent to a monolayered endothelium covered in microvilli. In the periphery, an autochthonous layer is found between the stroma and the endothelium. Stromal pigment granules, enveloped in large nucleated cells, act as a non-occlusible yellow filter in the dorsal cornea. Functional correlations are made and the presence and/or thickness of corneal structures discussed in relation to the evolution of the vertebrate cornea.

Animals↗

PubMed1982

Antibiotic prophylaxis of subacute bacterial endocarditis for adult patients by dentists in Dade County, Florida.

To determine compliance with 1977 American Heart Association (AHA) recommendations for antibiotic prophylaxis (AbP) of subacute bacterial endocarditis (SBE), we mailed a questionnaire to 1019 licensed dentists from Dade County, Florida. Of the 614 practicing dentists who responded, 97.7% believe that AbP prevents SBE and 94.2% always obtain a cardiac history from new patients. AbP is given to patients with known rheumatic or other valvular heart disease by 98.9% of responders and to patients with known prosthetic heart valves by 81.5%. The majority of dentists prescribe the antibiotics recommended by the AHA, but the dosage, route, frequency and duration of therapy are usually not according to AHA guidelines. AbP completely consistent with these guidelines is prescribed by 15.4% of dentists for patients with heart disease and by only 6.7% of dentists for patients with prosthetic heart valves. The AHA recommends parenteral AbP for most patients with prosthetic heart valves, but approximately 80% of dentists use only oral agents for these patients. We conclude that most dental patients predisposed to SBE receive AbP, but not in accordance with AHA guidelines. The widest deviation occurs among patients with prosthetic heart valves.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗

PubMed1985

Noninstitutional treatment for sex offenders in Florida.

The authors describe the availability and characteristics of noninstitutional treatment for sex offenders found in a survey of 63 community mental health providers in Florida. The results cover offense categories, referral sources, numbers in treatment, annual case load, and program characteristics. More sex offenders were being treated in the community than in state-operated residential programs, and 21% of the patients currently receiving community treatment were self-referred. The authors recommend that researchers and policy makers direct more attention to community treatment of sex offenders, its efficacy, and training for those delivering the treatment.

Community Mental Health Centers↗

PubMed2002

Emergency involuntary psychiatric examinations in Florida.

The authors used statewide data from 2000 on 80,869 examination initiations to determine characteristics of emergency involuntary psychiatric examinations in Florida and the individuals subject to them. Information about the evidence indicated on the initiation forms and the types of professionals who initiated the examinations is presented. These data allow not only description of involuntary examinations and the characteristics of those subject to them for an entire state, but also investigation of the involvement of these individuals with certain services, such as mental health services, and systems, such as the criminal justice system.

Commitment of Persons with Psychiatric Disorders↗

PubMed2005

Rediversion in two postbooking jail diversion programs in Florida.

OBJECTIVE: Patterns of rediversion in two postbooking jail diversion programs in Florida were examined to better understand the extent to which diversion programs served repeating clients. Rediversion occurs when a former or current diversion program participant is booked into jail on a new charge and diverted once again through the same diversion program. METHODS: Data from 18 months of consecutive entries into the Hillsborough County jail diversion program (N = 336) and Broward County mental health court (N = 800) were examined. RESULTS: Similar rediversion patterns were observed for the two diversion programs. About one-fifth of those who were diverted during the 18-month study period were rediverted at least once. Nearly half of those who experienced rediversion did so within 90 days of their initial diversion. Although fewer than 6 percent were rediverted two or more times, these individuals accounted for a disproportionately large number of overall diversions and were rediverted more quickly than those with only one rediversion. CONCLUSIONS: The diversion programs examined here appear to be experiencing a level of repeating clients similar to that observed in other pathways for accessing mental health treatment.

Crime↗

PubMed2006

Rates of unemployment and incidence of police-initiated examinations for involuntary hospitalization in Florida.

OBJECTIVE: This study tested the hypothesis that contraction of regional economies affects the incidence of involuntary admissions to psychiatric emergency services by reducing community tolerance for persons perceived as threatening to others. METHODS: This hypothesis was tested with time-series analyses of the relationship between initial claims for unemployment in Florida between July 4, 1999, and June 28, 2003, and the weekly number of men and women presented by police to be examined for involuntary psychiatric hospitalization because of danger to others. The analyses controlled for admissions presented by mental health professionals because of danger to others and for admissions presented by police because of neglect or disability. RESULTS: When the analyses controlled for autocorrelation and other covariates, claims for unemployment insurance were significantly associated with the number of men presented by police for danger to others. During the study period, police presented 5,897 men for examination because of danger to others. Increased unemployment claims were associated with approximately 309 more men being presented for examination than expected from prior presentation rates and from the number presented by mental health professionals for danger to others and by police for neglect or disability. No such association was found for women. CONCLUSIONS: Consistent with theory, this study found that presentations for involuntary admission to psychiatric services increased after contractions in the labor market. Combining the methods of this study with econometric forecasting may allow providers to anticipate better the need for psychiatric services.

Adult↗

PubMed1978

Prevalence of childhood allergy in a subtropical environment: data from Dade County, Florida.

Other prevalence studies of allergy in school children have been limited to temperate zones only. The aims of this computerized investigation were wholly focused on South Florida, located in a subtropical climate. The occurrence of allergy in relation to marked geographic variations was surveyed to evaluate the prevalence of allergy in connection with these topographic differences.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

Cholesterol screening management of Florida's pediatric population.

The current cholesterol screening and management of Florida's pediatric population is evaluated utilizing a questionnaire mailed to 1,534 pediatric health care providers. Twenty percent of the physicians responded. Of the respondents, 65% do not routinely screen for the presence of hypercholesterolemia. Only 28% of the respondents obtain serum total cholesterol measurements in accordance with the American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Nutrition recommendations. The serum total cholesterol concentration prompting treatment was 240 mg/dL (6.2 mM). Dietary counseling alone, or in combination with exercise, was the initial treatment approach recommended by 98% of the responding physicians. Dietary education for the hypercholesterolemic patient was provided by both dieticians (46%) and physicians (42%). If the initial dietary intervention was unsuccessful, 48% of the physicians would begin medical therapy. The most commonly prescribed medication was a bile acid sequestrant (70%), with the majority (52%) referring their patient to a subspecialist for evaluation and care.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗

PubMed1995

Recognition and management of teething diarrhea among Florida pediatricians.

According to current medical opinion, teething diarrhea (TD) is a myth; yet cross-cultural data document a worldwide distribution of popular belief in the association of frequent, loose stools with tooth eruption. A mail survey in 1990 of 215 pediatricians practicing in Florida investigated beliefs and practices related to TD. Thirty-five percent of respondents believed there is a real association between diarrhea and tooth eruption. When compared with pediatricians who do not believe in TD, these respondents were more likely to be more recent graduates of medical school, to be in general pediatric practice, to be female, to see more patients per week, and to practice in metropolitan areas. The most common explanations for the link between dentition and diarrhea were changes in eating habits, increased salivation, and stress. Respondents reported that both they and the parents of their patients tended to view TD as less serious than other types of diarrhea, and both managed it accordingly. When compared with earlier studies, our findings indicate that belief in TD among pediatricians may have increased since the 1970s. The results suggest a need for more empirical research on the effects of tooth eruption on bowel function.

Diagnosis, Differential↗

PubMed1998

Quality of care improvements for patients with pneumonia. Florida Medical Quality Assurance, Inc.

Pneumonia is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among the elderly. Previous studies have shown that timely antibiotic administration on hospitalization can improve patient outcomes and shorten hospital stays. Antibiotic administration within 4 hours of admission has been recommended in national guidelines. We initiated a project with eight Florida hospitals to improve the timely delivery of antibiotics to pneumonia patients. Secondary goals were the collection of sputum and blood samples prior to antibiotic therapy. After gathering baseline data from review of pneumonia patient charts, participating hospitals initiated various interventions aimed at improving their processes of care. Reevaluation after implementation of the interventions found that a significantly larger fraction of patients received antibiotics within 4 hours of admission (a 62% improvement), and the median time of antibiotic administration was also significantly decreased. No significant changes were observed in the rates of sputum or blood collection.

Aged↗

PubMed1989

Seeing gray: school bond issues and the aging in Florida.

Conventional wisdom and previous studies strongly suggest that aging citizens oppose local school bond issues because the issues represent increased taxes without direct benefit to the aging. This article tests this assumption through an aggregate level analysis of voting in all Florida school bond referenda since 1969 (n = 56). Among the independent variables in the regression equations were three associated with the aging: percentage 65+, growth rate of population 65+, and an indicator of the degree of political organization among the aging in the election districts. Results showed that one or more characteristics of the aging population were significantly (statistically) and positively related to the percentage of "yes" votes, particularly for the years 1976-1988 and for summer referenda when more resident retirees are politically active. The study indicates that the presence of an organized, relatively affluent, and educated aging population can lead to increased support for local educational referenda.

Aged↗

PubMed1989

Feline immunodeficiency virus infection in a population of pet cats from southeastern Florida.

Blood samples from 95 randomly selected pet cats that were brought to veterinarians in southeastern Florida were tested for antibodies to feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV). Virus-specific antibodies (indicative of virus infection) were found in 8 of the 95 (8.4%) cats tested. All of the virus-infected cats were males (statistically significant, P less than or equal to 0.016) and were at least 1 year of age. The 3 most severely ill cats infected with FIV were also infected with feline leukemia virus.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The Florida Clergy End-of-Life Education Enhancement Project: a description and evaluation.

The Florida Clergy End-of-Life Education Enhancement Project was a model program developed to provide an interdenominational and statewide model of clergy education on loss, grief dying, and death. The authors describe the project including materials and curriculum as well as present data from the project's evaluation. Clergy and their partners in ministry responded enthusiastically to the project. As a whole, they reported higher levels of knowledge on end-of-life (EOL) issues at the conclusion of the training. Clergy and their ministerial teams also reported that they were better informed about the technical, procedural, medical, and legal issues that arise at the end of life and expressed the desire for subsequent training. The project indicates that clergy both recognize the need for additional training and are anxious to improve their abilities to minister to the dying and bereaved. The model presented here could easily be applied to local organizations such as hospices or denominational training.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Views of pharmacy supportive personnel in Florida.

Forty-eight supportive personnel, employed in Florida hospital and community pharmacies, were surveyed by written questionnaire to identify their views on the role of the supportive person in relation to other staff roles, to determine the confidence these individuals have in their abilities, and to establish the educational backgrounds and views on educational needs of supportive personnel. Results of the questionnaire are presented and discussed. Although most of the respondents were trained on the job and were confident in designated technical functions, 81.1 percent felt that a community college program for supportive personnel would be of benefit.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗

PubMed1990

Assessment of the Florida Pharmacist Self-Care Consultant Law using patient profile and prescription audit methods.

This article examines pharmacist nd physician prescribing patterns during the first two years of the Florida Pharmacist Self-Care Consultant Law. Nineteen pharmacies were audited. The mandatory patient profiles were audited for a two-year period, and the prescription files were audited for a five-year period. For the nine pharmacies maintaining patient profiles, the prescribing activities of the pharmacists almost double from the first year to the second year. However, these prescriptions made up a very small portion of the total. Pharmacist prescribing appeared to be limited to three primary drug categories: topical pediculicides (lindane shampoo), oral analgesics, and otic analgesics; these comprised 82 percent of all pharmacist-generated prescriptions.

Drug Prescriptions↗

PubMed2001

Impact study of tobacco possession law enforcement in Florida.

This study of tobacco possession law enforcement was conducted in four selected counties in Florida, the first state to report statistically significant annual declines in youth tobacco use during the 1990s. The primary objective of this study was to assess the impact of possession enforcement on youth attitudes, perceptions, and behaviors by comparing results of a survey administered in high-enforcement counties with results from low-enforcement counties and by examining the survey results for relationships of tobacco use to perceptions and awareness of laws and enforcement activity. The survey was administered to a sample of 2,088 randomly selected youth, in conjunction with a qualitative study of law enforcement officials reported elsewhere. Findings indicate that possession enforcement, as a component of comprehensive tobacco control, appears to help reduce youth tobacco use and may be a critical component of the most successful youth tobacco prevention program, documented in the previous decade.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

Guidelines for designing a Web-delivered college health risk behavior survey: lessons learned from the University of Florida Health Behavior Survey.

Collecting health-risk behavior data from college students is a Web survey research application with extraordinary potential that has implications for individual schools and for the next National College Health Risk Behavior Survey. Recent evidence suggests that it is now feasible to collect health-risk behavior data from college students using the Web. This article describes the eight steps used in the 1999 University of Florida Health Behavior Survey that demonstrated the feasibility of the Web to collect health-risk behavior data from undergraduates. Practical issues researchers should consider when conducting Web-delivered survey research also are presented. Information in this article can be used by college and university health survey researchers and student health service administrators to plan and conduct their own health-risk behavior Web-delivered survey, and to develop an electronic college health-risk behavior surveillance system for their schools.

Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System↗

PubMed1993

Early intervention services in selected Florida counties: the provider perspective.

Early intervention providers in five Florida counties were interviewed to obtain their perspective on the current service system in preparation for the implementation of programs under Public Law 99-457. Recommendations from the providers' perspective that have implications for policy development include (a) increase public awareness of disability, handicap, and at risk conditions as well as awareness of services; (b) increase funding for early intervention services with particular attention to the needs of families for support and other services; (c) drastically improve the transportation system; and (d) focus on helping parents and the public to learn how to negotiate the system as it exists.

Child Health Services↗