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At least 865 records · Page 48Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Determination of cardiac involvement in sarcoidosis by magnetic resonance imaging and Doppler echocardiography.

OBJECTIVES: To elucidate whether cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) could be useful in disclosing structural changes in the myocardium in sarcoidosis patients and to relate echo-Doppler derived indices of left ventricular function to electrocardiogram (ECG) findings. DESIGN: The MRI was performed in 18 consecutive patients with sarcoidosis. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), i.e. systolic function, was estimated echocardiographically by Simpson's two-dimensional method (n = 16). Diastolic function was estimated by age-corrected Doppler-derived indices: isovolumetric relaxation time (IVRT), deceleration time (DT) and early filling/atrial contraction ratio (E/A ratio). RESULTS: Eleven patients had conduction defects or dysrhythmias (ECG+) whilst seven patients had a normal ECG (ECG-). In two patients, high signalling, contrast-enhanced, isolated regions, suggestive of deposits, were seen in the left ventricular myocardium on MRI. Both these patients had abnormal ECGs and signs of systolic and/or diastolic dysfunction on echocardiography. LVEF was subnormal in seven of 10 of the ECG+ patients and in two of six of the ECG-. Signs of diastolic dysfunction were found in 59% and 56% of the measurements in the ECG+ and ECG- patients, respectively. CONCLUSION: We conclude (i) that myocardial deposits on MRI in sarcoidosis patients have a high specificity for cardiac involvement but a rather low sensitivity; (ii) that a substantial proportion of sarcoidosis patients with abnormal ECGs have echocardiographic signs of systolic and/or diastolic dysfunction.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Effect of lidocaine on left ventricular pressure-volume curves during demand ischemia in pigs.

The diastolic pressure-volume curve shifts upward during demand ischemia, most likely because of changes in Ca2+ dynamics within the sarcomere. It is possible that agents that affect Na+/Ca2+ exchange, such as lidocaine, a class 1b-type Na+-channel blocker that decreases intracellular Na+, could affect the diastolic pressure-volume relationship because of indirect effects on intracellular Ca2+. Lidocaine is a drug widely used to treat arrhythmias in patients with myocardial ischemia. We studied the effects of lidocaine on diastolic dysfunction associated with demand ischemia. We compared diastolic (as represented by the shift in the diastolic pressure-volume relationship) and systolic function during demand ischemia before and after lidocaine injection. We created demand ischemia in pigs before and after administering lidocaine (5 mg/kg) in eight open-pericardium anesthetized pigs. Demand ischemia was induced by constricting the left anterior descending coronary artery and then pacing at 1.5-1.8 times the baseline heart rate for 1.5-3 min. Hemodynamics were recorded during baseline, demand ischemia, baseline after lidocaine injection, and demand ischemia after lidocaine. Lidocaine did not affect systolic function or the time constant of isovolumic relaxation, but it increased the upward shift of the diastolic pressure-volume curve during demand ischemia compared with the increase that occurred before lidocaine was administered. This result suggests that lidocaine could aggravate diastolic dysfunction in patients with ischemic heart disease.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Left ventricular diastolic function in the elderly.

Previous studies using pulsed Doppler echocardiography have demonstrated a pattern of abnormal left ventricular relaxation associated with increasing age. Specifically, aging is associated with decreased peak velocity of early diastolic mitral inflow, increased peak velocity of late diastolic inflow, increased isovolumic relaxation time, and early diastolic deceleration time. Abnormal relaxation can progress to significantly elevated left atrial pressure--characterized by increased early peak velocity and shortened isovolumic relaxation time and deceleration time--as part of the disease processes. Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction is highly prevalent, occurring in one half to two thirds of elderly patients with congestive heart failure, in association with normal systolic function. Left ventricular hypertrophy, which is commonly related to systemic arterial hypertension, and ischemic heart disease are the two major causes of abnormal left ventricular diastolic function in the elderly. Recently, newer echocardiographic techniques have been described that allow more accurate evaluation of left ventricular diastolic function. Treatments for left ventricular diastolic dysfunction should focus on the underlying disease etiology as well as on the derangement in left ventricular diastolic function. Although calcium channel blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors have been used clinically to treat diastolic dysfunction, their effects on prognosis remain unproven.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

Proinflammatory cytokine levels in patients with diastolic heart failure.

BACKGROUND: The role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of systolic heart failure (HF) has been well established whereas in diastolic HF it remains uncertain. AIM: To define levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor-a (TNFa) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) in patients with diastolic HF and to reveal their association with functional class and types of left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction. METHODS: We examined 26 patients with diastolic HF. The control group consisted of 10 healthy persons. Commonly used echocardiographic parameters of systolic and diastolic function of the LV, thickness of the interventricular septum (IVS), posterior LV wall thickness (PWLV), end-diastolic size of the LV (EDSLV) and left atrial (LA) volume were assessed. Serum levels of TNFa and IL-6 were measured with highly sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: The TNFa and IL-6 levels were significantly higher in the group with diastolic HF than in the control group. TNFa and IL-6 levels in groups with impaired LV relaxation and restriction/pseudonormalisation were significantly higher than in the control group. TNFa level was significantly higher in the restriction/pseudonormalisation group than in the group with impaired relaxation, whereas the IL-6 level was similar. The TNFa level was significantly higher in the group with NYHA class III-IV in comparison to the group with NYHA class II. The IL-6 level in these groups was similar. Of the echocardiographic parameters, only LA volume significantly correlated with the TNF+/- level. No relationship between the IL-6 level and echocardiographic parameters was found. CONCLUSIONS: In diastolic HF, serum levels of TNFa and IL-6 are elevated. The magnitude of TNF+/- elevation is associated with the severity of HF, assessed by NYHA classification, LV diastolic dysfunction level or LA volume.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMed2004

Neurohumoral profiles in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: differences to hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy.

BACKGROUND: Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) or hypertensive heart disease (HHD) have increased concentrations of various neurohumoral factors. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the differences in the neurohumoral profiles of HCM and HHD. METHODS AND RESULTS: Plasma concentrations of epinephrine, norepinephrine, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), angiotensin II and endothelin-1 were measured in 40 patients with HCM, 35 with HHD, and 15 controls. Additionally, the concentrations of these neurohumoral factors in the coronary sinus and aortic root were measured in 12 HCM patients and 10 controls. Plasma concentrations of norepinephrine, ANP and BNP were significantly higher in HCM than HHD and controls. In HCM, there was no significant correlation between the left ventricular mass index and any neurohumoral factor. The plasma BNP concentration significantly correlated with left intraventricular pressure gradient in HCM. There were significant differences in the plasma concentrations of ANP and BNP between HCM with and without left ventricular diastolic dysfunction. Transcardiac production of BNP was significantly higher in patients with obstructive HCM than in those with non-obstructive HCM. CONCLUSIONS: The significant neurohumoral differences between HCM and HHD were the plasma concentrations of norepinephrine, ANP and BNP. In HCM patients, the plasma BNP concentration may reflect the intraventricular pressure gradient and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction whereas the plasma ANP concentration reflects only the left ventricular diastolic dysfunction.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Plasma triglyceride level is an independent predictor of altered left ventricular relaxation.

BACKGROUND: Diastolic dysfunction, manifested by impaired left ventricular (LV) relaxation, is prevalent among individuals with metabolic disorders. The objective of this study was to evaluate the extent to which plasma triglyceride (TG) levels are related to LV diastolic function. METHODS: A total of 424 subjects (age 49 +/- 12 years) had fasting plasma TG levels measured and underwent echocardiography for assessment of LV structure and function: LV ejection fraction and LV mass indexed to height (LVM/Ht(2.7)); transmitral inflow early diastolic peak velocity (E wave) and late diastolic peak velocity (A wave), and E wave to A wave ratio (E/A); deceleration time; and Doppler tissue imaging early diastolic myocardial velocity (EM), an index of LV relaxation. RESULTS: All subjects had normal LV ejection fraction, 48% had hypertension, 16% had increased LVM/Ht(2.7), 11% had type 2 diabetes mellitus, 37% were obese, and 27% had hypertriglyceridemia (TG > 150 mg/dL). Univariate analysis showed significant relationships between TG level and E/A, deceleration time, and Em (P < or = .001 for all). After adjustment for potential confounders in multivariate models (eg, age, systolic blood pressure, and LVM/Ht(2.7)), TG levels remained predictive of E/A, deceleration time, and Em (P < or = .05, <.001, and < or =.0001, respectively). Stepwise multivariate analysis showed that after age and body mass index, the TG level was the next most predictive variable of Em. CONCLUSIONS: Plasma TG levels show a strong relationship with impaired LV relaxation, an early marker of diastolic dysfunction in human beings. These findings support a hypothesis whereby elevated TG levels favor myocyte intracellular lipid accumulation, possibly leading to lipotoxic diastolic dysfunction.

Female↗
PubMed2001

Effects of combination of ACE inhibitor and angiotensin receptor blocker on cardiac remodeling, cardiac function, and survival in rat heart failure.

BACKGROUND: The mechanism and treatment of diastolic heart failure are poorly understood. We compared the effects of an ACE inhibitor, an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB), and their combination on diastolic heart failure in Dahl salt-sensitive (DS) rats. METHODS AND RESULTS: DS rats fed an 8% NaCl diet from 7 weeks of age were treated with benazepril 10 mg/kg alone, valsartan 30 mg/kg alone, or combined benazepril and valsartan at 5 and 15 mg/kg, respectively, or at 1 and 3 mg/kg, respectively. At 16 weeks of age, DS rats exhibited prominent concentric left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction with preserved systolic function, as estimated by echocardiography. Despite comparable hypotensive effects among all drug treatments, the combination of benazepril 5 mg/kg and valsartan 15 mg/kg improved diastolic dysfunction and survival in DS rats more effectively than ACE inhibitor or ARB alone. Furthermore, the increase in LV endothelin-1 levels and hydroxyproline contents in DS rats was significantly suppressed only by combined benazepril and valsartan, and LV atrial natriuretic peptide mRNA upregulation in DS rats was suppressed to a greater extent by the combination therapy than monotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of ACE inhibitor and ARB, independently of the hypotensive effect, improved LV phenotypic change and increased LV endothelin-1 production and collagen accumulation, diastolic dysfunction, and survival in a rat heart failure model more effectively than either agent alone, thereby providing solid experimental evidence that the combination of these 2 agents is more beneficial than monotherapy for treatment of heart failure.

Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists↗
PubMed2001

Real-time strain rate echocardiographic imaging: temporal and spatial analysis of postsystolic compression in acutely ischemic myocardium.

Postsystolic compression (PSC) is a sensitive indicator of regional left ventricular ischemic diastolic dysfunction. Quantitative assessment of compression patterns by strain rate imaging could determine the presence and spatial extent of PSC for the detection and analysis of acute ischemic diastolic dysfunction. With the use of a segmental left ventricular model, we evaluated time to compression/expansion crossover (T-CEC) in standard apical views. Data at baseline and after acute left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion were collected from 18 open-chest pigs. We found significant mean prolongation of T-CEC, ranging from 43.9 +/- 48.6 ms to 110.8 +/- 73.8 ms, in all apical segments and in 2 midventricular (anterior and anteroseptal) segments. Analysis of variance demonstrated that the prolonged T-CEC is spatially consistent with perfusion defect. The temporal and spatial analysis of T-CEC with the use of strain rate imaging is a new noninvasive technique for identification and topographic quantitation of ischemic diastolic dysfunction expressed by PSC.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

[Cardiovascular ultrasound: applications for the assessment of cardiac function].

Congestive heart failure(CHF) is usually associated with impaired left ventricular(LV) systolic function, and thus, the measurement of systolic function is an essential component of the evaluation of any patients with known or suspected cardiac disease. Among many parameters, most frequently used are LV percent fractional shortening and ejection fraction(EF), which can be easily measured from an M-mode echocardiogram. However, these M-mode measurements may be inaccurate in patients with asymmetrical LV due to myocardial infarction, right ventricular overload or sigmoid septum. Especially in such cases, EF should be measured using two-dimensional echocardiography. Usually, LV volumes and EF are calculated using the disc-summation method through the manual tracing of apical two-chamber and four-chamber echocardiograms. On the other hand, it has been recognized that congestive heart failure may arise in the absence of any systolic dysfunction and CHF due to systolic dysfunction never occurs in the absence of concomitant diastolic dysfunction. Although the analysis of pulsed-Doppler transmitral flow velocity has been most widely used for the noninvasive assessment of LV diastolic function, an increase in left atrial pressure during CHF can pseudonormalize an abnormal flow pattern and mask LV diastolic dysfunction. Recently, we proposed a new index for assessing LV diastolic function, flow propagation velocity, which can be measured with color M-mode Doppler echocardiography and baseline-shift technique. Recent studies have shown that the flow propagation velocity is a unique noninvasive parameter of LV diastolic function which can accurately detect the diastolic impairment in patients with different types of cardiac diseases with various loading conditions.

Diastole↗
PubMed1993

Response of the hypertrophied left ventricle to tachycardia: importance of maturation.

Pressure overload left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy (LVH) induces ventricular dysfunction during stress, which is commonly attributed to diminished myocardial capillary density and ischemia. Immature hearts with LVH have a normal coronary flow reserve and capillary density. The purpose of this study was to determine 1) whether young lambs with LVH had an abnormal response to chronotropic stress, 2) whether nonischemic mechanisms contributed to the abnormal response, and 3) whether the age at which LVH was induced affected the response. We assessed LV endomyocardial function, perfusion, and Ca(2+)-adenosinetriphosphatase (ATPase) mRNA levels in chronically instrumented lambs with and without LVH and adult sheep with and without LVH. Rapid pacing induced diastolic dysfunction, increased time constant of isovolumic relaxation using an iterative fit (tM), and elevated LV diastolic pressures in young lambs and adult sheep with LVH. During pacing, tM was greater in the adult sheep with LVH than in the young lambs with LVH. Ca(2+)-ATPase mRNA levels were 79% less in adult sheep with LVH than in those without. Ca(2+)-ATPase mRNA levels in lambs with and without LVH and adult sheep without LVH were similar. Diastolic dysfunction occurred in the absence of subendomyocardial hypoperfusion, suggesting a nonischemic mechanism. In adult sheep with LVH diastolic dysfunction was associated with a marked reduction in Ca(2+)-ATPase mRNA levels.

Aging↗
PubMed1987

Left atrial abnormalities indicating diastolic ventricular dysfunction in cardiopathy of obesity.

Electrocardiograms and M-mode echocardiograms were evaluated in lean and obese patients, either normotensive or hypertensive, who were paired for mean arterial pressure, age, and sex. Electrocardiographic evidence of left atrial abnormalities (LAA) occurred more frequently (p less than 0.01) and left atrial size was greater in the obese than in the lean patients (p less than 0.01). The left atrial emptying index, an indicator of early diastolic ventricular function, was reduced in obese patients (p less than 0.01), most markedly in those with obesity-hypertension. The left atrial emptying index was reduced in obese patients with electrocardiographic LAA compared to obese patients without this electrocardiographic sign (p less than 0.02). A close correlation (r = 0.61, p less than 0.001) was obtained between the left atrial emptying index and atrial ECG abnormalities. These left atrial abnormalities in obesity and particularly in obesity-hypertension indicate diastolic ventricular dysfunction.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Cardiac effects of low-dose growth hormone replacement therapy in growth hormone-deficient adults. An 18-month randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind study.

OBJECTIVE: To characterise the effect of long-term low-dose growth hormone (GH) treatment on cardiac anatomy and function. METHODS: 20 patients with multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies, including severe acquired GH deficiency (GHD), were randomly assigned to GH or placebo (P) for 18 months. Echocardiographic measurements were performed at baseline and after 6, 12 and 18 months. RESULTS: At baseline, 8 of 20 patients had diastolic dysfunction (6 severe and 2 borderline), while only 1 had systolic dysfunction. None of the investigated parameters of diastolic or systolic function changed during treatment. CONCLUSION: In adult onset GHD, diastolic dysfunction was present in 40% of the patients. None of the investigated values were different after 18 months of GH compared to placebo.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1999

[Stress echocardiography: methods, indications, clinical application].

Stress echocardiography is an accepted alternative method for non-invasive assessment of coronary artery disease--diagnosis, risk stratification and prognosis. Myocardial ischaemia triggers a cascade of events resulting first in regional relaxation abnormalities (or diastolic dysfunction) followed by regional motion abnormalities (or diastolic dysfunction). The basic principle in stress echocardiography is to provoke myocardial ischemia by exercise, pharmacologic interventions (like dobutamine, dipirydamole, enoximone, adenosine) or less often atrial pacing and subsequently to evaluate regional wall motion abnormalities in segments vascularized by coronaries with flow--limiting stenosis. Myocardial viability can be identified at the low dose dobutamine or dipirydamole stage as a functional improvement in regions with rest dyssynergy and myocardial ischaemia can be recognized at high doses as well motion dysfunction. The ideal test for evaluation of the patient with CAD remains exercise stress testing, pharmacologic stress should be reserved only for those patients in whom optimal workload of stress cannot be obtained. This article reviews the current status of stress echocardiography in clinical practice and assesses the possible indications for the tests in a modern cardiac department.

Cardiotonic Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical characteristics of patients with ischemic heart failure].

UNLABELLED: A major cause of heart failure is coronary heart disease with an increasing prevalence and progression to heart failure. The objective of the study is the analysis of the clinical peculiarities, coronary risk factors and some resting hemodynamic parameters at patients with ischemic heart failure. METHODS: There have been studied 189 patients with ischemic heart disease. The ejection fraction (EF) assessed by echocardiographic examination was used to divide them into three groups: group A of 106 with EF above 50%, group B of 55 with EF between 40-49% and group C of 28 with EF below 40%. RESULTS: The mean age increased from group A (58 +/- 13 years) to group C (64 +/- 11 years, p = 0.05). Ischemic cardiomyopathy was higher at group C (32% vs 13% at group A and 24% at group B, p = 0.01) and old myocardial infarction was more frequent at group A (44% vs 45% at group B and 36% at group C, p = 0.009). Group C revealed a greater incidence of dyspnea (100%) and a greater resting heart rate (83 +/- 12/min, p = 0.03). The radiologic cardiomegaly was present at group C and at 42% at group A (p = 0.001). The echocardiographic findings show a greater prevalence of kinetic abnormalities and diastolic dysfunction at group C (p = 0.002 respectively 0.009). CONCLUSION: Patients with myocardial dysfunction are older, with a lower prevalence of myocardial infarction in contrast with a higher prevalence of cardiomyopathy. Dyspnea is the dominant symptom and the resting heart rate is higher. Systolic dysfunction is present at all patients and diastolic dysfunction at the majority. There were not differences concerning the prevalence of the coronary risk factors.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Mechanisms for the responses of cardiac muscle to physical activity in old age.

The decline of maximal cardiac output (Qmax) is a major factor responsible for the lower maximal oxygen consumption of elderly mammals. The lower Qmax is associated with aging-related decreases in maximal heart rate (HR-max) and maximal stroke volume (SVmax). The mechanism(s) for the slower HRmax, unchanged by exercise training, is unknown. The decrement in SVmax, however, can be improved, as shown by the enhanced systolic and diastolic properties of the elderly heart after exercise training. One major problem is diastolic dysfunction observed in the absence of disease. Diastolic dysfunction (a decrease in peak ventricular filling after systole or a prolonged relaxation of contracted muscle) results from in part a downregulation of the sarcoplasmic reticulum's (SR) calcium ATPase that sequesters cytosolic calcium via the hydrolysis of ATP. Exercise training of sedentary old mammals produces a faster relaxation and an upregulation of the SR calcium ATPase. Yet the characteristic shift of myosin toward the slower isoform is unaltered by exercise training. The molecular signals and mechanisms underlying these aging-related alterations in sedentary and physically active individuals are unknown. An enhancement of cardiac function by exercise training, though, is preserved in advanced age.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Diltiazem treatment prevents diastolic heart failure in mice with familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

BACKGROUND: The cardiac troponin T I79N mutation, linked to familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, carries a high risk of sudden cardiac death even in the absence of significant cardiac hypertrophy. The pathology underlying this mechanism has not yet been identified. AIMS: To study the underlying mechanism of this phenomenon we characterized the left ventricular (LV) performance of transgenic mice carrying the human troponin T mutation I79N under basal and isoproterenol-induced stress conditions. METHODS AND RESULTS: LV function was analyzed by recording pressure-volume loops using a microconductance catheter. Despite a hypercontractile systolic function under basal conditions TnT-I79N mice showed a diastolic dysfunction indicated by an increase in end-diastolic pressure-volume relationship (EDPVR), a load-independent factor of LV stiffness (0.06+/-0.01 vs. 0.02+/-0.01; P<0.05), when compared to mice expressing human wild-type troponin T (TnT-WT). TnT-I79N mutants developed severe diastolic heart failure and cardiac sudden death under isoproterenol stress. This was prevented after pretreatment with the L-type Ca2+ channel inhibitor diltiazem. CONCLUSIONS: Diastolic dysfunction due to increased LV stiffness in TnT-I79N mice leads to severe primary diastolic heart failure and finally to cardiac sudden death, which can be prevented by diltiazem.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2004

Reflected high-intensity motion signals: can this ultrasound phenomenon be used for assessment of left ventricular function?

AIM: In this pioneer study, we aimed to evaluate the diagnostic role of reflected high-intensity motion signals (RIMS) in the assessment of left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic function and to analyze the reproducibility of RIMS. RIMS are also known under the name of "spectral Doppler artifacts" and to date have been attributed only to the category of useless noises. METHODS: The value of RIMS in the evaluation of LV function was analyzed in 173 subjects (57 healthy volunteers and 116 patients with chronic coronary and myocardial diseases and arterial hypertension). The level of intra- and inter-observer reproducibility of RIMS was assessed according to the Bland-Altman method in 29 subjects. To record RIMS by conventional pulsed wave Doppler, an apical 4-chamber view was used and the sample volume was placed 3 - 4 cm laterally to the left border of the mitral annulus in projection of the pulmonary tissue. Three components of RIMS are visualized with each cardiac cycle: one systolic (Sa) component and two diastolic (Ea and Aa) components. We have found that RIMS registration did not depend on the quality of LV visualization. In patients with adequate visualization of the cardiac structures and in "difficult" patients with poor LV visualization, RIMS recordings were visually equal. In our study, correlations between LV ejection fraction (EF) and Sa and Aa were found; the cutoff value of Sa < or = 13 cm/s and Aa < or = 15 cm/s separated patients with EF < or = 40 % from other subjects with a sensitivity of 88.2 % and 94.1 % and a specificity of 93.0 % (p <.0001) and 76.9 % (p <.0001), respectively. It was shown that RIMS correlate with the LV diastolic function. The Ea cutoff value of < or = 20 cm/s distinguished subjects with a normal diastolic function from patients with a sensitivity of 88.6 % and a specificity of 80.0 % (p <.0001); the cutoff values of Sa < or = 10 cm/s and Aa < 12 cm/s separated patients with a Grade 4 diastolic dysfunction (according to Canadian consensus recommendations) from other subjects with a sensitivity of 81.8 % and 90.9 %, and a specificity of 98.1 % (p <.0001) and 91.8 % (p <.0001), respectively. The combined evaluation of traditional transmitral E/A ratio and RIMS components allow differentiating of all standard stages of LV diastolic dysfunction in an easy and effective way. The level of intra- and inter-observer reproducibility of RIMS appeared to be acceptable. CONCLUSIONS: 1. Systolic and late diastolic components of RIMS correlate with LV global systolic function, and all components of RIMS correlate with LV global diastolic function; 2. The reproducibility of RIMS components is at an acceptable level; 3. Combined analysis of transmitral E/A ratio and RIMS components can become a promising approach for easy and effective separation of patients with different grades of diastolic dysfunction.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Systolic and diastolic left ventricular dysfunction--independent types of cardiac failure or two sides of a single process?].

At present disturbances of systolic and diastolic myocardial function are subjected to intensive study. Most researches acknowledge possibility of development of diastolic dysfunction in the absence of systolic dysfunction. Meanwhile disturbances of systolic and diastolic myocardial functions have common pathogenetic and pathomorphological basis representing the essence of cardiac remodeling. Patients with instrumental signs of pure diastolic dysfunction and subjects with combination of disturbances of systolic and diastolic functions have similar clinical symptoms. This literature review deals with problems of relationship between systolic and diastolic dysfunction and expediency of clear delineation of these disturbances.

Diastole↗