Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Atrial Function, Right”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 865 records · Page 48Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

[A case of tuberculous pericarditis developing constrictive pericarditis].

A case of constrictive pericarditis which developed after the onset of clinical manifestation of tuberculous pericarditis was reported. A 75-year-old male, complaining of anorexia, was admitted to our hospital. Adenosinedeaminase (ADA) level in pericardial effusion was found to be increased, and the culture of pericardial effusion was positive for tubercle bacilli. Diagnosed as having tuberculous pleuritis and pericarditis, he underwent chemotherapy for tuberculosis. However, massive pleural effusion developed later and pleural effusion drainage was carried out. Despite repeated drainage, pleural effusion continued to recur. Chest CT revealed apparent pericardial thickening, in addition, cardiac catheterization revealed elevation of mean right atrial pressure and marked deterioration of cardiac functions including decrease of cardiac output. These findings were compatible with constrictive pericarditis. After these investigations a diagnosis of constrictive pericarditis was established, and the patient underwent a pericardiectomy. Pathological examination of resected specimens revealed tuberculous inflammation.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Patent foramen ovale in underwater medicine.

The foramen ovale, between the right and left atria, exists in the foetal heart as a vital physiological communication. Haemodynamic closure occurs in the neonatal period with most people having permanent fusion of the foramen. In up to a third of adults the closure is functional only and a potential right to left atrial communication persists as a patent foramen ovale. Studies in patients with decompression illness after diving suggest a consistent increase in the prevalence of patent foramen ovale, as detected by transthoracic contrast echocardiography. The association is strongest for those patients with early onset of neurological decompression illness, particularly those cases occurring in the absence of other risk factors traditionally associated with decompression illness. However, patent foramen ovale is a common finding in the general population and the absolute risk of decompression illness, even in the presence of a patent foramen ovale, remains very low.

Decompression Sickness↗
PubMed1993

A comparison of intracellular solutions for donor heart preservation.

Numerous solutions have been advocated for the preservation of donor hearts, and there has been much interest in universal and intracellular preservation solutions. This study compared the effects of Euro-Collins, University of Wisconsin, and Bretschneider's solutions with the use of an in vitro human right atrial muscle preparation to assess recovery of function after a 24-hour period of simulated cardiac arrest. There were no statistically significant differences among groups in length, weight, cross-sectional area, initial developed force, or resting force of muscles, including those muscles that were contracted in Krebs-Henseleit solution and served as a control. After the 24-hour arrest period at either 4 degrees or 12 degrees C, the solution was changed back to Krebs-henseleit at 34 degrees C and recovery was assessed over 30 minutes. At 30 minutes, developed forces for muscles that were cooled to 4 degree C were 58.9%, 76.6%, and 60.7% of the control for Euro-Collins, University of Wisconsin, and Bretschneider's solutions, respectively (p = not significant). For those cooled to 12 degrees C, developed forces were 9.5%, 30.5%, and 95.6% of the control for Euro-Collins, University of Wisconsin, and Bretschneider's solutions (p = 0.0001). Bretscheider's solution resulted in greatly improved recovery compared with both Euro-Collins and University of Wisconsin solutions (p = 0.005), and University of Wisconsin solution was better than Euro-Collins solution (p = 0.02). Recovery of developed force was affected by temperature for Euro-Collins and University of Wisconsin solutions (p = 0.005 and p = 0.001, respectively) but not for Bretschneider's solution. Resting force was elevated in muscles that were cooled in both Euro-Collins and University of Wisconsin solutions at 12 degrees C compared with almost normal values for Bretschneider's solution at either temperature (p = 0.07). Bretschneider's solution has a very high buffering capacity, which may be beneficial for long-term preservation. In conclusion, Bretschneider's solution resulted in the best recovery of human atrial myocardial function after a 24-hour preservation period compared with Euro-Collins and University of Wisconsin solutions and should be considered for use in donor heart transportation. The variability in quality of preservation at different temperatures with either Euro-Collins or University of Wisconsin solution make them less desirable as preservation solutions because uniform temperatures are seldom obtained during donor heart transplantation.

Adenosine↗
PubMed1993

[A case of right atrial myxoma: M-mode and pulsed-Doppler echocardiographic findings before and after operation].

There are some reports concerning operations of right atrial myxoma. But precise effect on systemic hemodynamics before and after operation of right atrial myxoma has not been reported. We studied hemodynamics of a 54 year-old male with right atrial myxoma before and after removal of myxoma by M-mode and two-dimensional echocardiography. He was admitted to our hospital because of dyspnea on effort and orthostatic dizziness. On two-dimensional echocardiography the apical four chamber view showed an abnormal huge mass echo with cystic change (6.9 x 4.4 cm) moving between the right atrium and the orifice of tricuspid valve. From this finding emergent operation was undertaken with the possible diagnosis of right atrial myxoma, and the mass was found to be a benign myxoma histopathologically originating from the right side of atrial septum. Left ventricular dimensions (Dd, Ds) and the dimension of left atrial chamber were enlarged after the operation by M-mode echocardiography. Among the left ventricular inflow parameters, rapid filling peak velocity (E) increased with no change in presystolic peak velocity (A) and A/E improved from 1.63 to 0.95. This improvement of left ventricular diastolic function was supposed to be induced through the increased preload. After the operation his manifestations of dyspnea and dizziness have disappeared. It should be emphasized that an increase in preload after the removal of right atrial myxoma is very important to keep left ventricular diastolic and systolic function.

Echocardiography↗
PubMed1987

[Current role of radionuclide imaging in pediatric cardiology].

Three main nuclear medicine methods are used in paediatric cardiology: sequential first-pass radionuclide imaging of the cardiac cavities, radionuclide equilibrium ventriculography and radionuclide myocardial imaging. Valuable functional information is obtained, and invasive explorations can be avoided in an ever increasing number of cases. Of particular interest is left-to-right shunt measurement which indicates that atrial septal defects must be surgically corrected when the pulmonary/systemic flows ratio (QP/QS) is above 2. This technique is also useful to evaluate the tightness of repairs in ventricular and atrial septal defects. Radionuclide studies of the right and left ventricles may detect dysfunction in one or the other cavity. The left ventricular ejection fraction is reduced in myocardiopathy an in aortic or mitral valve diseases seen at a late stage. The right ventricular function is often abnormal, notably during exercise, after repair of the tetralogy of Fallot and after atrial correction of complete transposition of the great arteries. An altered ejection fraction in patients with single ventricle is also a sign of deterioration. Right ventricular diastolic overload evaluated by radionuclide equilibrium ventriculography correlates with the QP/QS ratio value in atrial septal defects and with the inducibility of ventricular tachycardia by endocavitary pacing in repaired tetralogy of Fallot. Thallium 201 myocardial imaging provides information on myocardial ischaemia, notably that associated with congenital abnormalities of the coronary arteries. Its use had now been extended, albeit with some limitations, to the evaluation of right ventricular systolic overload. Other radionuclide techniques are being developed with new tracers: Kryton 81m for studies of the right ventricle, short-lived radionuclides for first-pass studies, Iodine 123-labelled fatty acids for myocardial imaging. More recently, some substrates, such as deoxyglucose, have been labelled with positron emitters permitting in vivo metabolic studies.

Cardiac Output↗
PubMed1983

[Sick sinus syndrome: comparative study of atrial and ventricular stimulation tests].

Subjects with a ventriculo-atrial block and normal sinus function exhibit acceleration of the sinus rhythm during incremental right ventricular pacing; this acceleration is nor observed or is hardly visible in patients with sinus node dysfunction. Incremental right ventricular pacing up to 150/min was performed in 16 patients with ventriculo-atrial block (Group A) referred for investigation of sinus node dysfunction and the results compared with the classical tests of atrial pacing (Strauss'graph, atrio-sino-atrial conduction time, sinus node recovery time). The same tests were carried out in 19 patients without sinus node dysfunction (Group B). In the latter group, sinus rhythm exceeded 80/min during right ventricular pacing at 150/min and the rate increased with respect to the basal rhythm was always greater than 10/min. In Group A premature atrial pacing gave abnormal results in 4 cases, sinus node recovery times were abnormal in 15 cases, and rapid right ventricular pacing abnormal in all cases (sinus rhythm less than 80/min and/or rate increase of less than 10/min). There was no relation between the increased sinus node recovery time and the degree of rate increase during rapid ventricular pacing. Incremental right ventricular pacing, therefore, seems to be a new method of investigating sinus node function but complementary studies are required to determine its limitations, the exact mechanism and to try to widen its application to subjects without ventriculo-atrial block.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

[Goldenhar syndrome].

The basic features of Goldenhar syndrome are preauricular appendices, epibulbar dermoids, vertebral and cardiac anomalies, and hypoplasia of the lungs. The syndrome appears to be caused by early damage during the first or second month of embryonic development. Prognosis is most often determined by the underlying heart disease. In the present study a 24-year-old female student is reported who exhibited a preauricular appendix on the right side, severe thoracic scoliosis, aplasia of the middle and lower lobes of the right lung, dextropositio cordis and an atrial septal defect with severe pulmonary hypertension. Cineangiocardiography revealed a mitral valve prolapse with slight mitral regurgitation and a dilated right ventricle with severe tricuspid regurgitation. Left and right ventricular function was slightly to moderately reduced. Selective coronary arteriography revealed a coronary fistula from an atrial branch of the left coronary artery to the right atrium. Symptomatic therapy with digitalis, anticoagulation and repeated venesection was initiated because of the severe hemodynamic findings. However, the patient developed syncope at increasingly frequent intervals and died 3 months after the initial examination.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Transient dilated cardiomyopathy in a newborn exposed to idarubicin and all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) early in the second trimester of pregnancy.

Acute promyelocytic leukemia was diagnosed in a 28-year-old pregnant woman at 13 gestational weeks. She was immediately started on idarubicin and all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) and achieved remission after her fourth cycle of treatment. Serial fetal ultrasonograms throughout pregnancy did not reveal any intrauterine growth retardation or other obvious malformations. The mother delivered a term (36.7 gestational weeks), 2720-gram female neonate. The infant was admitted to the intermediate care nursery for observation due to transient mild respiratory distress during the peripartum period. Because of right ventricular hypertrophy on an electrocardiogram, an echocardiogram was performed on the first day of life which showed moderate dilation of the right atrium and right ventricle with mildly depressed function, two small secundum atrial septal defects, and a small patent ductus arteriosus. The neonate remained hemodynamically stable and no arrhythmias were detected. The remainder of the hospital course was uneventful. When reassessed 1-1/2 months later, she was doing well and did not show any signs of congestive heart failure. A repeat echocardiogram at that time demonstrated complete resolution of the right heart enlargement and closure of the ductus arteriosus with persistence of the small and hemodynamically insignificant secundum atrial septal defects.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Tunneled right atrial catheter infection presenting as renal failure.

We report two cases of progressive renal failure secondary to membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis associated with subclinical septicemia from a tunneled right atrial catheter used for home parenteral nutrition administration. Although the occurrence of line infection and septicemia is a common complication of central venous catheters, a review of the literature reveals only one case report of renal failure secondary to an infected implanted central venous device. Both patients presented with azotemia and had biopsy-proven membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, accompanied by leukocytoclastic vasculitis. In both cases, removal of the right atrial catheter and prolonged antibiotic therapy was effective in resolving the ongoing infection and resulted in marked improvement in renal function. A high index of suspicion for catheter sepsis should be maintained in patients with tunneled right atrial catheters presenting with subacute renal failure.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[Clinical primary pulmonary hypertension: a retrospective study of 50 cases].

UNLABELLED: A retrospective clinical study was made in 50 patients (21 male, 29 female, mean age 29 +/- 12 years) with clinical primary pulmonary hypertension (CPPH). The mean interval from symptom onset to diagnosis was 4.07 +/- 3.84 years. The most frequent symptoms were dyspnea and palpitation. Increased pulmonic second heart sound (P2) and right-sided third and/or fourth heart sounds were found in 90% and 30% of patients respectively. Electrocardiography showed right ventricular hypertrophy (86%) and underlying sinus rhythm (100%). Echocardiography showed right ventricular enlargement (78%) and tricuspid regurgitation (44%). Chest film showed prominent main pulmonary artery (90%) and right heart enlargement (82%), but it was normal in 5% of the patients. Hemodynamic study (n = 30) showed three-fold increase in mean pulmonary artery pressure (MPAP) (8.53 +/- 2.00 kPa, 1 kPa = 7.5 mmHg), mild to moderate elevation in mean right atrial pressure (MRAP) (1.60 +/- 0.80 kPa). Patients with functional class (NYHA) 3-4 had relatively higher MPAP (8.53 +/- 2.00 vs 7.73 +/- 3.20 kPa) and MRAP (1.87 +/- 2.40 vs 0.93 +/- 0.93 kPa) than those with class 1-2. Patients with class 3-4 common in female (71%) than in male (29%), P < 0.05. During a mean period of 3.8 years of follow-up in 17 patients, 10 died of right ventricular failure and 3 of sudden death; the MPAPs of the dead were 6.13-9.60 kPa (mean 7.84 kPa). CONCLUSION: CPPH patients had severe symptoms and remarkable physical or laboratory abnormalities when the disease was diagnosed. The long interval from appearance of symptoms to establishment of diagnosis emphasized the importance of being conscious of such a condition.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

[Pharmacological versus invasive treatment in patients with atrial fibrillation].

Aim of this prospective study was to assess quality of life (QoL), left ventricular (LV) function and exercise performance in two groups of patients (pts) with atrial fibrillation (Af) treated with: radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFA) and antiarrhythmic drugs (AA). Between 1996 and 2000 - 74 patients, 28 women, with drug refractory Af were enrolled by clinical indications for two modes of therapy: RFA and AA. RFA group consisted of 38 pts, 63.7 +/- 11.5 years old: 28 pts with RF AV Node ablation and pacemaker implantation (PI) and 10 pts with AV Node modification or right atrial isthmus RF ablation due to Af conversion to atrial flutter (Aflu) during medical therapy. AA group consisted of 36 pts, aged 59.7 +/- 13.8 years. Patients from RFA group suffered significantly more serious diseases than pts from AA group. No significant (sign.) differences between two groups were found in age, gender, arrhythmia history and number of AA taken. Pts were analyzed before entry, after 3 and 12 months of follow-up (3 mo. FU, 12 mo. FU) with following indices: LV function (Echo: EF & FS), exercise performance (treadmill test), QoL questionnaires, number of hospital admissions connected to arrhythmia or procedures (RFA & PI), number of AA drugs taken in RFA group. RFA group: Two deaths occurred due to end stage respiratory insufficiency (COPD), one pt required reposition of pacemaker lead. AA group: 3 pts required RFA due to uncontrolled Af/Aflu (AV Node ablation with PI - 1 pt, right atrial isthmus ablation - 2 pts). Analysis of two patients groups: LV function: Sign. improvement (EF & FS) in both groups in 12 mo. FU; Exercise performance: no sign. changes in 3 and 12 mo. FU. QoL: Arrhythmia scale: 3 mo. FU sign. reduction in both groups; 12 mo. FU reduction in RFA group only; Anxiety scale: 3 and 12 mo. FU sign. reduction of anxiety level in RFA group; Exercise and activity scales: 3 and 12 mo. FU sign. improvement in RFA group. During 3 and 12 mo. FU sign. less pts from RFA group required hospital admission versus pts from AA group. Sign. reduction in AA was noted in RFA group. Patients with symptomatic Af treated with RFA benefit from this kind of therapy more than patients treated with AA. Quality of life improvement visible in short term observation in patients from RFA group is still present after one year observation. Improvement in LV function is observed after one year in both groups of pts with Af.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Ebstein's anomaly: echocardiographic and clinical features in the fetus and neonate.

To determine which morphologic features are associated with early death, the complete echocardiograms and medical records of 16 consecutive patients with Ebstein's anomaly and concordant atrioventricular connections who presented in the fetal (n = 5) or neonatal (n = 11) period were reviewed. The cohort was classified into two groups on the basis of survival at 3 months. Group 1 consisted of seven patients who died at less than or equal to 3 months of age, and Group 2 consisted of the nine surviving patients. Comparing Groups 1 and 2, the respective incidence rates of morphologic features that correlated with early death (p less than 0.05) included tethered distal attachments of the anterosuperior tricuspid leaflet (86% versus 11%), right ventricular dysplasia (86% versus 0%), left ventricular compression by right heart dilation (71% versus 11%) and the area of the combined right atrium and atrialized right ventricle being greater than the combined area of the functional right ventricle, left atrium and left ventricle (57% versus 0%) measured in the apical four chamber view. Right ventricular dysplasia was present in all patients with marked right atrial and atrialized right ventricular enlargement, in 86% of patients with tethered anterior leaflets and in 83% of those with left ventricular compression; 86% of patients with right ventricular dysplasia had tethered distal attachments. In conclusion, echocardiography defines morphologic features in the fetus and neonate that are highly predictive of death by 3 months of age.

Ebstein Anomaly↗
PubMed1975

Left and right heart haemodynamics during spontaneous angina pectoris. Comparison between angina with ST segment depression and angina with ST segment elevation.

The function of both right and left sides of the heart was studied during spontaneous attacks of angina pectoris at rest in 7 patients showing ST depression (type I) and 4 showing ST elevation (type II) during the attack. In none of the 44 type I attacks and 29 type II attacks which were recorded did circulatory changes; the latter were different in the two groups. Type I attacks showed: a) a brief fall in arterial pressure, accompanied by b) a rise of right atrial and pulmonary wedge pressures and c) a decrease of cardiac output, right and left stroke work, the mean rate of systolic ejection, and indirect left ventricular pre-ejection dP/dt. In the course of the attack a hypertensive phase followed, which was paralleled by an increase of heart rate, cardiac output, left and right stroke work, and mean systolic ejection rate, left dP/dt; right atrial pressure and wedge pressure remained raised. All of the circulatory functions started to revert towards the pre-attack levels coincident with the waning phase of the electrocardiographic alteration, the latter occurring either spontaneously or after nitroglycerin. Type II attacks for the entire duration of the electrocardiographic changes showed: a) a reduction of arterial pressure, cardiac output, right and left stroke work, mean systolic ejection rate, and left dP/dt, b) a rise of right atrial and wedge pressures, and c) quite small changes of heart rate. When the electrocardiogram started to revert to the pre-attack aspect, the cardiac function rapidly improved and, after a supernormal phase, returned to the basal levels in about 2 minutes. It is concluded: 1) that no circulatory factor interfering with the mechanical effort of the heart is responsible for eliciting spontaneous angina: 2) that in type I attacks right and left ventricular impairment occurs which recovers rapidly, possibly through a sympathetic compensation; 3) that in type II attachs dysfunction of both sides of the heart occurs and persists throughout the episode of electrocardiographic alteration; 4) that the dynamic impairment is probably more severe in type I than in type II angina.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1997

Use of electrocardiogram to position right atrial catheters during surgery.

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the accuracy of placing right atrial catheters using an electrocardiographic (ECG) technique. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Placement of right atrial catheters for vascular access is a common operative procedure. Accurate placement is essential for proper function. Previous placement techniques have used fluoroscopy, which is both time consuming and hazardous. METHODS: The accuracy of placement of 1236 right atrial catheters using an ECG technique was compared to placement of 586 catheters using fluoroscopy between March 1991 and November 1995. In the ECG technique, the catheter was flushed with sodium bicarbonate. A sterile left-leg ECG lead was attached to the catheter with the other ECG leads applied normally. On advancing the catheter through the superior vena cava, the P-wave amplitude (lead II) increased in negative deflection until greater than the QRS complex. Passing the sinoatrial node, the P-wave developed an initial positive then negative deflection. The catheter was positioned so the P-wave was biphasic, representing a position midway between the sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodes. For the fluoroscopic technique, catheters were positioned under direct observation just within the atrium estimated from cardiac contour. Use of contrast was optional if atrial anatomy was unclear. RESULTS: Postoperative portable chest x-rays showed the ECG method to position the catheter tip within the right atrium just as accurately (average, 1.9 +/- 1.3 cm) as with the use of fluoroscopy (average, 1.1 +/- 1.6 cm). The ECG method eliminated an average of 20 seconds of radiation exposure, an average of 3.0 minutes operating room time (p < 0.04), avoided all risks of contrast dye, and saved $279.10 per case. CONCLUSIONS: The ECG method is a satisfactory alternative to that of fluoroscopy for placement of long-term central venous catheters into the right atrium.

Cardiac Catheterization↗
PubMed1987

Effects of high-frequency jet ventilation on arterial baroreflex regulation of heart rate.

Fifteen anesthetized mechanically ventilated patients recovering from multiple trauma were studied to compare the effects of high-frequency jet ventilation (HFJV) and continuous positive-pressure ventilation (CPPV) on arterial baroreflex regulation of heart rate. Systolic arterial pressure and right atrial pressure were measured using indwelling catheters. Electrocardiogram (ECG) and mean airway pressure were continuously monitored. Lung volumes were measured using two linear differential transformers mounted on thoracic and abdominal belts. Baroreflex testing was performed by sequential intravenous bolus injections of phenylephrine (200 micrograms) and nitroglycerin (200 micrograms) to raise or lower systolic arterial pressure by 20-30 Torr. Baroreflex regulation of heart rate was expressed as the slope of the regression line between R-R interval of the ECG and systolic arterial pressure. In each mode of ventilation the ventilatory settings were chosen to control mean airway pressure and arterial PCO2 (PaCO2). In HFJV a tidal volume of 159 +/- 61 ml was administered at a frequency of 320 +/- 104 breaths/min, whereas in CPPV a tidal volume of 702 +/- 201 ml was administered at a frequency of 13 +/- 2 breaths/min. Control values of systolic arterial pressure, R-R interval, mean pulmonary volume above apneic functional residual capacity, end-expiratory pulmonary volume, right atrial pressure, mean airway pressure, PaCO2, pH, PaO2, and temperature before injection of phenylephrine or nitroglycerin were comparable in HFJV and CPPV. Baroreflex regulation of heart rate after nitroglycerin injection was significantly higher in HFJV (4.1 +/- 2.8 ms/Torr) than in CPPV (1.96 +/- 1.23 ms/Torr).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Atrial natriuretic peptide and left atrial systolic function in normal subjects.

The purpose of this study is to elucidate factors determining the release of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in normal volunteers at rest. Ten normal volunteers were included in this study. Ages ranged between twenty-seven and thirty-three years (mean twenty-seven). The authors measured plasma levels of ANP, and four cardiac chamber volumes, and their functions by cine magnetic resonance imaging using the rephased gradient-echo method. Plasma levels of ANP in 10 normal subjects were 15.0-37.1 pg/mL (mean 23.6 pg/mL). No significant relationship was seen between ANP level and heart rate or blood pressure. The level of ANP was positively correlated with left atrial (LA) emptying fraction and negatively correlated with LA minimal volume (r = 0.85, P < 0.01; r = 0.64, P < 0.05, respectively). No significant relationship was observed between plasma ANP level and left ventricular, right ventricular, or right atrial parameters. These results suggest that LA systolic function is one of the major determinants for ANP release in normal subjects at rest.

Adult↗