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At least 865 records · Page 48Linked to original sources
PubMed1966

Cesium-137 body burdens in Alaskan Eskimos during the summer of 1965.

Cesium-137 body burdens of Anaktuvuk Pass, Alaska, residents during the summer of 1965 were about 30 percent less than during 1964. Lower amounts of cesium-137 in the people reflected a similar decrease of this isotope in caribou flesh, which serves as the principal food of the natives.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Spondylarthropathic diseases in indigenous circumpolar populations of Russia and Alaska.

AIMS: To compare the nature and frequency of spondylarthropathy in geographically separated but genetically related populations with a high prevalence of HLA-B27. METHODS: Using a common questionnaire and disease criteria, cases were ascertained through cross-sectional community surveys in Russia and by examination and study of possible cases identified through rheumatic disease registries and the Native Health Service's computerized patient care data system in Alaska. RESULTS: Similar overall prevalences of spondyloarthropathy (2.0-3.4%) and a similar spectrum of disease were found, including reactive arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and undifferentiated spondylarthropathy. Psoriatic arthritis was very rare. CONCLUSION: No predisposition to one particular form of spondyloarthropathy was observed; genetic and microbial settings for a spectrum of disease were present. Among adults positive for the presence of HLA-B27 the prevalence of all types of spondylarthropathies was estimated to be 4.5%, all populations combined, and the prevalence of AS was estimated to be 1.6%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Health attitudes and behaviours of Native Alaskans.

Health attitudes and behaviours were determined for residents of Western Alaska in a survey administered during the winter of 1988-89. One third of the villages in this region were randomly selected for inclusion in he study and one in three households in these villages were randomly selected to be interviewed. Bilingual interviewers successfully completed questionnaires for 477 households (77%). The vast majority of the sample population believed that a balanced diet, weight control, regular physical exercise, stress avoidance, regular medical attention and cessation of smoking and excessive drinking were important to health. Nevertheless 41% of respondents did not deny smoking, and 50% of these did not believe smoking cessation was important for health. Similarly, 34% of the population did not deny heavy drinking, and 38% of them did not think it was important to stop. When those who did not deny smoking were asked if they had tried to stop, 36% said they did not try. Of those who did not deny drinking heavily, 26% did not try to stop. Western Alaska has high rates of alcohol-related health problems and growing rates of tobacco-related diseases. The attitudes and behaviours with respect to alcohol and tobacco use exhibited in this study suggest a great need for health education and promotion activities directed at these habits.

Alaska↗
PubMed1979

Purification and subunit structure of RNA polymerase II from the pea.

DNA-dependent RNA polymerase II (EC 2.7.7.6) from pea seedlings (Pisum sativum var. Alaska) has been purified to homogeneity, as judged by native polyacrylamide electrophoresis. The procedure includes polyethyleneimine precipitation and elution, ammonium sulfate precipitation, DEAE-Sephadex chromatography, phosphocellulose chromatography, and heparin-Sepharose chromatography. The enzyme purified almost to homogeneity has a specific activity of 200 nmol/mg per 15 min at 30 degrees C with denatured calf thymus DNA as template. The enzyme activity is 50% inhibited in the presence of 0.05 migrograms/ml of alpha-amanitin. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate indicates that pea RNA polymerase II is composed of eight subunits with molecular weights and molar ratios (in parentheses) of 170 000 (0.9), 140 000 (1.0), 43 000 (1.5), 26 000 (2.0), 22 500 (1.2), 21 500 (0.6), 18 500 (1.6) and 17 500 (2.3). The structure is closely similar to that of cauliflower RNA polymerase II.

DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases↗
PubMed2000

[Lympho-epithelial carcinoma (malignant lympho-epithelial lesions) of the parotid gland. Description of a case with detection of EBV by in situ hybridization].

The authors describe a case of malignant lymphoepithelial lesion (MLEL), commonly referred to as lymphoepithelial carcinoma of parotid gland, that is a very rare tumour. There is a relatively high incidence in Eskimos of Alaska and Greenland, but some cases are described in natives of south China. The immunophenotypic profile and histopathological aspect of this neoplasm are discussed, and the differential diagnosis in regard to other primitive or metastatic tumours of parotid is also considered. In our case a diffuse positivity of epithelial neoplastic cells for EBV genome was found using in situ hybridization. The possible role of EBV in the ethiopathogenesis of this rare lesion is herein discussed.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1995

Geographic variation of native people along the Pacific Coast.

Data gathered by Boas in the 1890s from 1749 adult males and 1056 adult females were subjected to anthropometric analyses to investigate possible effects of climatic adaptation. The subjects were native people from California, Oregon, Washington, the panhandle of Alaska, and British Columbia. They were categorized by their tribe's latitude and longitude (the center point of tribal distribution) and by habitat (characterized as coastal, western lowlands, and interior). Multiple R regressions were used to determine complex relationships between age, habitat, latitude, rainfall, mean January temperature, mean July temperature, and blood quantum, all of which affected some anthropometric variables to statistically significant degrees in both the male and the female samples. Body size and proportional differences support other studies of Bergmann's and Allen's rules, and variation in the nasal index supports prior studies of selection of longer, narrower noses in cold and dry climates and broader noses in warmer, moister ones. Recent disruption in the central portion of the study area was detectable in reduced size of subjects in these regions. Other complicating factors, such as ethnicity and the possibility of prior migrations and intermarriage between populations, are discussed.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1962

Strontium-90 in Alaska.

Strontium-90 concentrations have been determined in a variety of foods used by the native population. Caribou from the tundra carry 10 to 20 times the level of domestic cattle. Eskimos for whom caribou is a staple in the diet are found to have four times the strontium-90 content of the average for the world population of the North Temperate Zone.

Alaska↗
PubMed1993

Linking multiple data sources in fetal alcohol syndrome surveillance--Alaska.

Although fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is a major preventable cause of mental retardation in the United States (1), surveillance for this problem is subject to at least five constraints: difficulty in identifying the syndrome at birth (2); the subjective nature of the diagnosis; variability in the severity and type of conditions associated with FAS; age-specific variations in the expression of the phenotype; and the lack of specificity in the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) code for FAS. Previous studies have documented high rates of FAS among American Indians and Alaskan Natives (ANs) (3,4). To better ascertain cases of FAS in Alaska and to determine the prevalence of this problem among ANs, the Alaska Department of Health and Social Services (ADHSS), the Indian Health Service (IHS), and CDC linked and analyzed data from state sources (i.e., birth and death certificates and Medicaid claims), an IHS case file, and a private pediatric practice case file. This report summarizes the findings from this analysis and presents a preliminary minimum FAS prevalence rate for ANs.

Adolescent↗