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PubMed2001

Expression of V-ATPase proteolipid subunit of Acetabularia acetabulum in a VMA3-deficient strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and its complementation study.

The function of the translation products of six different cDNAs for Acetabularia V-ATPase proteolipid subunit (AACEVAPD1 to AACEVAPD6) was examined using a Saccharomyces cerevisiae VMA3-deficient strain that lacked its own gene for one of the proteolipid subunits of V-ATPase. Expression of the cDNAs in the strain revealed that four cDNAs from the six complemented the proton transport activity into the vacuole, visualized by fluorescence microscopy. The vacuolar-membrane-enriched fractions from the four transformants showed cross-reactivity with antibodies against the subunits a and A of S. cerevisiae V-ATPase. Two translation products from the other two cDNAs were demonstrated not to be localized in vacuolar membranes, and thus could not complement the function of the VMA3-deficient strain. As the primary structures deduced from the former four cDNAs are similar but clearly different from those of the latter two, the latter two translation products may not be able to substitute for theVMA3 gene product.

Acetabularia↗
PubMed2002

Functional expression of Acetabularia acetabulum vacuolar H(+)-pyrophosphatase in a yeast VMA3-deficient strain.

The function of the translation product of cDNA for Acetabularia vacuolar H(+)-pyrophosphatase was examined using the Saccharomyces cerevisiae VMA3-deficient strain. The open reading frame of Acetabularia H(+)-pyrophosphatase was revealed to encode 751 amino acids (721 or 751 amino acids in a previous paper). The acidification of the vacuole was observed by fluorescence microscopy when the cDNA was constructed in pYES2. Immunoblot analysis also supported the localization of the translation product in the vacuolar-membrane-enriched fraction.

Acetabularia↗
PubMed1981

Endoprosthetic replacement of the proximal femur and acetabulum. A survival analysis.

A series of 81 patients has been reviewed to determine the value of endoprosthetic replacement of the proximal femur and hip in the treatment of bone tumours. Standard statistical methods were used to evaluate the survival of the replacements and the patients. Taking removal of the prosthesis, irrespective of the cause, as the criterion for failure the survival of the replacements was found to be 63 per cent after 10 years. If deaths are regarded as failures, then the survival value falls to 48 per cent. The survival of patients with chondrosarcoma and osteoclastoma treated by endoprosthetic replacement compares favourably with survival after amputation or excision of the tumour.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Surgical dislocation of the adult hip a technique with full access to the femoral head and acetabulum without the risk of avascular necrosis.

Surgical dislocation of the hip is rarely undertaken. The potential danger to the vascularity of the femoral head has been emphasised, but there is little information as to how this danger can be avoided. We describe a technique for operative dislocation of the hip, based on detailed anatomical studies of the blood supply. It combines aspects of approaches which have been reported previously and consists of an anterior dislocation through a posterior approach with a 'trochanteric flip' osteotomy. The external rotator muscles are not divided and the medial femoral circumflex artery is protected by the intact obturator externus. We report our experience using this approach in 213 hips over a period of seven years and include 19 patients who underwent simultaneous intertrochanteric osteotomy. The perfusion of the femoral head was verified intraoperatively and, to date, none has subsequently developed avascular necrosis. There is little morbidity associated with the technique and it allows the treatment of a variety of conditions, which may not respond well to other methods including arthroscopy. Surgical dislocation gives new insight into the pathogenesis of some hip disorders and the possibility of preserving the hip with techniques such as transplantation of cartilage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Catastrophic failure of the Elite Plus total hip replacement, with a Hylamer acetabulum and Zirconia ceramic femoral head.

We report catastrophic early failure of a cemented total hip replacement comprising a modular femoral component with a Zirconia ceramic head and an acetabular component of cross-linked ultra-high molecular-weight polyethylene (Hylamer). Between 1995 and 1999 we implanted 29 hips in 26 patients with a mean age of 49.2 years. Survivorship analysis in this group revealed a failure rate of 67.6% at five years. All hips which failed did so because of aseptic loosening with progressive osteolysis or radiolucencies. We therefore recommend early and regular review of all patients with this combination of implants and early revision surgery in order to avoid massive bone loss.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Fractures of the pelvis in children excluding isolated fractures of the acetabulum and sacrum. Apropos of 267 cases. Anatomic study, contribution of modern radiologic studies, therapeutic management].

This work studies the combined experience of several orthopedic services of 267 pelvic fractures (excluding isolated iliac and sacral fractures) in childhood. The mechanism of these fractures was studied, the majority were the result of road traffic accidents. Among the complications lesions of the urinary tract were most common. Hypotensive states secondary to retroperitoneal bleeding were common but their exact incidence was difficult to estimate accurately. In association with these pelvic lesions it is necessary to emphasize the high incidence of associated cranial, abdominal and skeletal injuries. Computed tomography represents a considerable advance in the assessment of these fractures, demonstrating fractures not visible on standard radiographs and permitting a more precise analysis of displacement. The same type of fractures were in infants as has been reported in adults. However in addition in childhood fractures involving the cartilaginous growth plate are also seen. These include true separation of the growth plate at the triradiate cartilage, the iliac crest and the pubic symphysis. Surgical treatment is only considered for fractures interrupting the pelvic ring and particularly in the context of anterior and posterior column fractures. However, these displaced fractures may leave, contrary to popular opinion sequelae such as leg length discrepancies, ankylosis of the sacro iliac joint, malunited fractures and pain. Therefore it is necessary to adopt a more rigorous attitude in the management of pelvic fractures in the child to avoid these sequelae and to aid in the treatment of associated injuries.

Adolescent↗