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PubMed2006

Developing efficient search strategies to identify reports of adverse effects in MEDLINE and EMBASE.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the performance, in terms of sensitivity and precision, of different approaches to searching MEDLINE and EMBASE to identify studies of adverse effects. METHODS: Five approaches to searching for adverse effects evidence were identified: approach 1, using specified adverse effects; approach 2, using subheadings/qualifiers; approach 3, using text words; approach 4, using indexing terms; approach 5, searching for specific study designs. The sensitivity and precision of these five approaches, and combinations of these approaches, were compared in a case study using a systematic review of the adverse effects of seven anti-epileptic drugs. RESULTS: The most sensitive search strategy in MEDLINE (97.0%) required a combination of terms for specified adverse effects, floating subheadings, and text words for 'adverse effects'. In EMBASE, a combination of terms for specified adverse effects and text words for 'adverse effects' provided the most sensitive search strategy (98.6%). Both these search strategies yielded low precision (2.8%). CONCLUSIONS: A highly sensitive search in either database requires a combination of approaches, and has low precision. This suggests that better reporting and indexing of adverse effects is required and that an effective generic search filter may not yet be feasible.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1984

Online searching on selected business databases for management aspects of health care.

This article presents a rationale for searching certain types of health care issues on specialized business databases. Focusing on ABI/INFORM, MANAGEMENT CONTENTS, and PREDICASTS' PROMT/F & S INDEXES, the results of searching six actual topics on all three files is outlined. The results are intended to illustrate the features of all three databases, and their potential usefulness for health science librarians.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed2000

The NLM Indexing Initiative.

The objective of NLM's Indexing Initiative (IND) is to investigate methods whereby automated indexing methods partially or completely substitute for current indexing practices. The project will be considered a success if methods can be designed and implemented that result in retrieval performance that is equal to or better than the retrieval performance of systems based principally on humanly assigned index terms. We describe the current state of the project and discuss our plans for the future.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Indices of biomedical bibliography in otolaryngology].

Since 19th century the trends to medical specialization produced an increase of otorhinolaryngological publications. Due to the impossibility for the otorhinolaryngologist to gather all the medical literature, indexes and medical bibliographies have become an essential tool to physicians and medical investigators, helping them to select relevant literature. In the present work we describe the most interesting indexes of biomedical bibliography for the otorhinolaryngologist. Also, we give a list of the seventy most prestigious otorhinolaryngological journals in the world and the repertories in which they are included.

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PubMed1992

[Sedation with propofol and fentanyl in patients under intensive care].

This study investigated the efficacy of a constant rate infusion of propofol and fentanyl in thirty patients requiring artificial ventilation for more than 24 h. A loading dose, which differed according to the patient's age, was administered over a 30 min period: 2.5 mg.kg-1 for patients less than 50 (G1) (n = 9), 2 mg.kg-1 for patients between 50 and 60 years old (G2) (n = 9), and 1.5 mg.kg-1 for patients over 60 (G3) (n = 12). This was followed by an infusion of 3 mg.kg-1.h-1 in G1 and G2, and 2 mg.kg-1.h-1 in G3. A 1 microgram.kg-1.h-1 infusion of fentanyl was also given. The degree of sedation was assessed with the Ramsay scale before starting, after induction, and every four hours thereafter. When this proved to be insufficient, the dose of propofol was increased by 0.5 mg.kg-1.h-1 as well as that of fentanyl by 0.5 microgram.kg-1.h-1. Heart rate, mean arterial blood pressure, blood propofol, creatinine, transaminase and lipid levels, and urine output were measured before, during, and after the infusion. The blood propofol level increased during the infusion, being correlated to the doses given (r = 0.64, p less than 0.001). Sedation lasted 91.7 +/- 57.7 h. After stopping the infusion of propofol, mean recovery times were 7.5 +/- 5.9 min (G1), 11.4 +/- 11.4 min, and 14.4 +/- 13.5 min (G3) (p less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Identification of spouses at high risk during bereavement: a preliminary assessment of Parkes and Weiss' Risk Index.

The Risk Index developed by Parkes and Weiss (1983) is a brief structured assessment tool for identifying bereaved spouses who may be at high risk for developing complications during bereavement. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the utility of the Risk Index in predicting outcome during the first year of bereavement in spouses of deceased hospice patients. Professional staff at the hospice completed the Risk Index shortly after the spouse died and outcome was then assessed after 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. High-risk bereaved were younger than low-risk bereaved. Number of young children at home, existence of close relationships, and financial status were important predictors of outcome during the first year of bereavement. The findings suggest that the Risk Index may serve as a cost-effective means of assessing risk for complications during the first year of bereavement.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed2004

Measuring global trends in the status of biodiversity: red list indices for birds.

The rapid destruction of the planet's biodiversity has prompted the nations of the world to set a target of achieving a significant reduction in the rate of loss of biodiversity by 2010. However, we do not yet have an adequate way of monitoring progress towards achieving this target. Here we present a method for producing indices based on the IUCN Red List to chart the overall threat status (projected relative extinction risk) of all the world's bird species from 1988 to 2004. Red List Indices (RLIs) are based on the number of species in each Red List category, and on the number changing categories between assessments as a result of genuine improvement or deterioration in status. The RLI for all bird species shows that their overall threat status has continued to deteriorate since 1988. Disaggregated indices show that deteriorations have occurred worldwide and in all major ecosystems, but with particularly steep declines in the indices for Indo-Malayan birds (driven by intensifying deforestation of the Sundaic lowlands) and for albatrosses and petrels (driven by incidental mortality in commercial longline fisheries). RLIs complement indicators based on species population trends and habitat extent for quantifying global trends in the status of biodiversity. Their main weaknesses are that the resolution of status changes is fairly coarse and that delays may occur before some status changes are detected. Their greatest strength is that they are based on information from nearly all species in a taxonomic group worldwide, rather than a potentially biased subset. At present, suitable data are only available for birds, but indices for other taxonomic groups are in development, as is a sampled index based on a stratified sample from all major taxonomic groups.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1999

Maintaining a catalog of manually-indexed, clinically-oriented World Wide Web content.

With no quality controls and a highly distributed means of posting information, finding high-quality, clinically-oriented content on the World Wide Web can be difficult. Maintaining a catalog of such information can be equally challenging. CliniWeb is a catalog of quality-filtered and clinically-oriented content on the Web designed to enhance access to such information. This paper describes a group of semi-automated tools have been developed to maintain the CliniWeb database. One allows easier identification of content by utilizing Web crawling techniques from high-level pages. Another allows easier selection of content for inclusion and its indexing. A final one checks links to help keep the database current. These are augmented by general plans to adopt more detailed metadata and linkages into the medical literature.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1994

Measuring nurses' satisfaction with the quality of their work and work environment.

This article discusses the Work Quality Index, a 38-item scale developed to measure the satisfaction of nurses with their work and work culture. The instrument, which is an outgrowth of a study of 245 nurses at a large northwestern acute care medical center, was developed using factor analysis and maximum likelihood extraction techniques. The index contains six subscales: professional work environment, autonomy, work worth, professional relationships, role enactment, and benefits. It is responsive to the 1993 proposed Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations standards for improvement of organizational performance.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1991

[Prediction of severity of coronary artery disease by treadmill exercise testing].

Coronary angiography was performed in 250 patients with a significant ischemic ST segment change detected by symptom-limited maximum treadmill exercise testing, and relationship between anatomical severity of coronary artery disease and parameters in exercise testing was studied. The age of the patients ranged from 34 to 76 years (188 men, 62 women). One-vessel disease (1VD) was presented in 82 patients, two-vessel disease (2VD) in 42, three-vessel disease or left main coronary disease (3VD) in 26, and no significant stenosis was presented in 100 subjects (Normal). Functional aerobic impairement (FAI) was evaluated in each group as a parameter of exercise capacity, myocardial aerobic impairment (MAI) and heart rate impairment (HRI) were also evaluated as a parameter of maximum myocardial oxygen requirements and maximum heart rate, respectively. Using these parameters, discriminant analysis was performed to compare the group with significant coronary artery disease and the Normal group. Also, to compare the group with multi-vessel disease and the group with less than 2VD. Also, the 3VD group and the group with less than 3VD. FAI, MAI and HRI were significantly different (p less than 0.0001) in each group. The discriminant formula to separate the group of significant coronary artery disease from the Normal group was Z = -1.049 + 0.02 [FAI] +0.08 [MAI] +0.03 [HRI]. According to this formula, sensitivity was 92.5% and specificity was 71.5%. The discriminant formula to separate the group with multi-vessel disease from the group with less than 2VD was Z = -4.731 + 0.07 [FAI] +0.106 [MAI] +0.02 [HRI]. According to this formula, sensitivity was 96.3% and specificity was 78.8%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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PubMed1973

The implementation, evaluation, and refinement of a manual SDI service.

The Missouri Institute of Psychiatry Library has implemented an inexpensive, manual SDI (Selective Dissemination of Information) service based upon the monthly issues of Index Medicus. The implementation and refinement of the system are documented, and the very favorable response to the system is examined. The SDI service is compared to Current Contents, with the finding that 60 percent of the SDI participants prefer it to Current Contents. For this select portion of researchers the Index Medicus SDI is the more suitable mode of current awareness. For a significant portion of the MIP staff, however, the scope of Index Medicus is too restricted to suitably replace Current Contents. All SDI users find it a highly acceptable current awareness service for use in addition to Current Contents and have indicated the desire to continue participation in the service.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1994

Growth patterns in the National Library of Medicine's serials collection and in Index Medicus journals, 1966-1985.

Data from the National Library of Medicine (NLM) automated Master Serials System and its MEDLINE database were used to chart the growth of NLM's serials collection and of the journals indexed in Index Medicus from 1966 to 1985. The number of live serial titles in the subset of NLM's collection examined increased 30% in the twenty years. The average number of articles per Index Medicus journal increased 56%. The average number of articles in U.S. Index Medicus journals grew more rapidly than the average number in journals published elsewhere. The NLM data provide clear evidence that the years from 1966 to 1985 saw a substantial increase in the percentage of the biomedical serial literature published in English. The period from 1966 to 1985 saw substantial but uneven growth in the number of serial titles in the NLM collection and in the average number of articles in Index Medicus journals. Although data on the number of articles published in Index Medicus journals is unlikely to reflect the number of articles in other journals, the pattern of growth in the number of serials held by NLM probably reflects trends in the universe of all biomedical serials.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Spinal palpation: The challenges of information retrieval using available databases.

PURPOSE: This study addressed 2 questions: first, what is the yield of PubMed MEDLINE for complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) studies compared to other databases; second, what is an effective search strategy to answer a sample research question on spinal palpation? METHODS: We formulated the following research question: "What is the reliability of spinal palpation procedures?" We identified specific Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and key terms as used in osteopathic medicine, allopathic medicine, chiropractic, and physical therapy. Using PubMed, we formulated an initial search template and applied it to 12 additional selected databases. Subsequently, we applied the inclusion criteria and evaluated the yield in terms of precision and sensitivity in identifying relevant studies. RESULTS: The online search result of the 13 databases identified 1189 citations potentially addressing the research question. After excluding overlapping and nonpertinent citations and those not meeting the inclusion criteria, 49 citations remained. PubMed yielded 19, while MANTIS (Manual Alternative and Natural Therapy Index System), a manual therapy database, yielded 35 citations. Twenty-six of the 49 online citations were repeatedly indexed in 3 or more databases. Content experts and selective manual searches identified 11 additional studies. In all, we identified 60 studies that addressed the research question. The cost of the databases used for conducting this search ranged from free-of-charge to $43,000 per year for a single network subscription. CONCLUSIONS: Commonly used databases often do not provide accurate indexing or coverage of CAM publications. Subject-specific specialized databases are recommended. Access, cost, and ease of using specialized databases are limiting factors.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Neonatal nursing: analysis of publications indexed in computerized databases].

The aim of this study was to identify and analyze the production of scientific knowledge in the area of neonatal nursing by using table of contents of computerized databases. This quantitative, descriptive study took as its source of information the MEDLINE, CINAHL, and LILACS databases between 1990 and 2000. The titles entered were "neonatal nursing" when accessing the first two databases and "neonatal nursing and neonatal nurse" with LILACS. This process identified 3,576 publications, 2,336 (61.12%) indexed in the CINAHL, 3,062 (85.58%) included in North American and English periodicals. Of the total of publications, 1940 were analyzed and the caring process was the theme with the greatest number of publications--804 (41.45%).

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PubMed2005

[Experience with electronic files in a university neonatology unit].

The electronic file is a reality in medical practice nowadays. We have a decade of experience with electronic files in a neonatology unit. We use a local network that consists in one server and 8 connected computers, distributed in the hospital. Filemaker Pro is used as database administrator and access to data is protected with passwords. Data entry is made by health care professionals in charge of the patients. Patient's reports and statistical information are based on data entered to the system. This methodology allows to have update clinical data, indexing of information, to maintain track of pharmacological indications, prescribe parenteral nutrition and obtain information for research purpose. It is possible therefore, with a minimal computing expertise, to devise electronic files that can improve the quality of health care.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed2002

The hospital cost index: a new way to assess relative cost-efficiency.

Hospital senior financial executives routinely review measures of facility costs to assess their organization's cost-efficiency. The measures they typically use for this activity are cost per adjusted discharge and cost per adjusted patient day. These measures have flaws that limit their usefulness for comparing cost-efficiency of different hospitals. A more effective measure is the hospital cost index (HCI), which adjusts for case-mix complexity in both inpatient and outpatient operations and can be computed from publicly available databases. The highly reliable HCI enables senior financial executives to make comparison among specific hospitals, including direct competitors.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1989

[Energy expenditure and the use of nutriments in cirrhotic patients fasting and at rest. Influence of alcoholic hepatitis and the severity score of the disease].

Resting energy expenditure and nature of fuels consumed after an overnight fast have been evaluated in 30 cirrhotic patients and 10 normal subjects by indirect calorimetry. Basal metabolic requirements in patients were slightly increased although most of them had as poor nutritional condition assessed by a decreased muscular mass (17.3 +/- 0.8 vs 22.5 +/- 1.2 kg, p less than 0.001). Resting energy expenditure was significantly elevated in 16.7 p. 100 of patients. This hypermetabolic state was related to alcoholic hepatitis. Surface area and the Harris-Benedict equation did not accurately predict the resting energy expenditure. Compared to normal subjects, all patients had higher levels of free fatty acids (0.408 +/- 0.05 vs 0.182 +/- 0.03 mmol/l, p less than 0.001), glycerol (0.109 +/- 0.009 vs 0.035 +/- 0.003 mmol/l, p less than 10(-9)) and ketone bodies (0.137 +/- 0.012 vs 0.099 +/- 0.012 mmol/l, p less than 0.03). The respiratory quotient was lower in cirrhotic patients (0.740 +/- 0.01 vs 0.832 +/- 0.02, p less than 10(-5)). These results show increased lipolysis and a preferential use of fat as fuel substrates in cirrhotic patients: 70 p. 100 of the total calorie expenditure was derived from fat. Fat mobilization was influenced by nutritional status: a positive correlation has been found between fat mass and free fatty acids (p less than 0.02) and between fat mass and glycerol (p less than 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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PubMed1995

Citation analysis of faculty publication: beyond Science Citation Index and Social Science Citation Index.

When evaluated for promotion or tenure, faculty members are increasingly judged more on the quality than on the quantity of their scholarly publications. As a result, they want help from librarians in locating all citations to their published works for documentation in their curriculum vitae. Citation analysis using Science Citation Index and Social Science Citation Index provides a logical starting point in measuring quality, but the limitations of these sources leave a void in coverage of citations to an author's work. This article discusses alternative and additional methods of locating citations to published works.

Abstracting and Indexing↗