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PubMed2000

[Changes in the antibacterial activity of chemotherapeutic agents (especially carbapenems) for 10 species of clinical isolates between 1994 and 1996. Surveillance group of the sensitivities of clinical isolates to antibacterial agents].

During October and December of each year of from 1994 to 1996, 3,849 strains of 10 species of bacteria were isolated from clinical materials in 21 institutions nationwide. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for these bacteria of four carbapenems (imipenem [IPM], panipenem [PAPM], meropenem [MEPM], and biapenem [BIPM]) and other representative antibacterial agents were measured to investigate annual changes in antibacterial activity. Carbapenems showed potent activity against methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA), S. pneumoniae, E. faecalis, H. influenzae, E. coli, K. pneumoniae, E. cloacae, S. marcescens, and the B. fragilis group, with the activity being stable. However, these drugs showed weak activity against methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and P. aeruginosa. The antibacterial activity (MIC90) against the tested organisms generally remained stable. Particularly, there was annual improvement of the MIC90 values of IPM and BIPM for S. pneumoniae, as well as the values of IPM and PAPM for H. influenzae, and those of IPM, PAPM, and BIPM for S. marcescens. On the other hand, the activity of carbapenems (including IPM) against MRSA was not necessarily strong, but there was annual improvement of MIC90 values.

Bacteria↗
PubMed2003

[The comparison of the results of the conservative treatment between isolated solid organ injuries and those injuries associated with extraabdominal injuries after blunt abdominal trauma between isolated solid organ injuries and those injuries associated with extraabdominal injuries after blunt abdominal trauma].

BACKGROUND: To determine whether conservative treatment in blunt abdominal solid organ injuries associated with extraabdominal trauma is safe or not. METHODS: Between December 1998 and December 2001, 49 patients were admitted with blunt abdominal trauma, 34 of whom were hemodynamically stable. These 34 patients were divided into two groups. Seventeen patients had isolated abdominal solid organ injuries (Group I) and 17 patients had associated extraabdominal injuries (Group II). The results of conservative treatment, blood pressure values, pulse rates, ages, gender, abdominal solid organ injury scores, the etiologies of trauma, the number of the blood transfusions, morbidity and mortality rates, and hospital stays were compared. RESULTS: The blood pressure values and pulse rates as measured in our emergency room, abdominal solid organ injury scores, ages, gender, the results of conservative treatment, the etiologies of trauma, morbidity and mortality rates were similar in both groups. Comparisons between hospital stays and numbers of the blood transfusion have show statistically significant differences in favour of group II. No patients had hollow viscus injury. CONCLUSION: Conservative treatment is safe for hemodynamically stable blunt abdominal trauma patients with solid organ injury but no hollow viscus injury, even if they have extraabdominal injuries. The existence of extraabdominal injuries, however, prolongs the hospital stay and increases the need of the blood transfusion.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1992

Susceptibility of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates to various antimicrobial agents. II. Isolation of arbekacin-resistant strain.

Resistance patterns against 24 antimicrobial agents were examined for 50 strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated at Hiroshima University Hospital during the period October 1990 and July 1991. Overall resistance (the percentage of highly and moderately resistant strains) to the antimicrobial agents is summarized as follows: methicillin 100%, flomoxef 100% (beta-lactams); kanamycin 94%, tobramycin 94%, amikacin 100%, isepamicin 94%, gentamicin 80%, dibekacin 94%, arbekacin 2% (basic oligosaccharide group/aminocyclitols); ofloxacin 96%, temafloxacin 96%, levofloxacin 96% (fluoroquinolones); erythromycin 98%, clarithromycin 98%, josamycin 30% (macrolides); vancomycin 0% (glycopeptide); tetracycline 94%, minocycline 94% (tetracyclines); fosfomycin 100%; mikamycin B 30%, nosiheptide 0% (peptide); rifampicin 2% (ansamycin); streptomycin 2% (basic oligosaccharide group); chloramphenicol 2%. Arbekacin resistance was observed in one case: the cross resistance was complete among the aminocyclitol antibiotics tested in this study and streptomycin, probably due to the ribosomal alteration.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1990

[Tests of some peptides isolated from residue after insulin isolation from the pancreas. II. Establishment of heterogeneity level].

Heterogeneity of the active substance of Lipotropin-Polfa preparation was investigated by the method of gel column chromatography. The isolated polypeptide hormone has been found to possess the average molecular weight nine times smaller than that reported in the literature. This polypeptide was separated into six fractions by chromatography on Sephadex G-10. These fractions were found to differ in respect of the qualitative and quantitative amino acid composition. With the purpose of comparison, an analogous study of Lipormone-Labor. Choay (France) was performed. Similarity of this preparation to fraction I of Lipotropin-Polfa has been shown.

Chromatography, Gel↗
PubMed2005

[Isolation and analysis of isolation of differentially-methylated fragment CIDM7 in rice induced by cold stress].

By using restriction enzyme isoschizomers that differ in their sensitivity to methylation of their recognition sites, AFLP analysis is carried out to analyse differences of the methylation state of anonymous CCGG sequences between cold-treated(5 degrees for 2 d) and control 9311(Oryza sativa L.) leaves DNA. Demethylation or De novo methylation induced by cold stress are found in some CCGG sites. Some differentially-methylated encoding sequences are isolated, of which a fragment named CIDM7 (cold-inducing differential methylation) is sequenced and executed BLAST against Nipponbare cDNA data, thus we obtain its full length cDNA of 1422 bp encoding a hypothetical F-box protein(425 aa).CIDM7 is demethylated induced by cold stress. Northern blot analysis confirms that CIDM7 gene expression is up-regulated by cold stress. CIDM7 is single copy and lacated on the Nipponbare chromosome 10 (12.56 Mb-12.57 Mb).

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2003

Isolation and biochemical characterization of mutacin VSM43 isolated from human oral Streptococcus mutans VSM43.

Bacteriocins produced by mutans streptococci are known as mutacins. Streptococcus mutans VSM43 isolated from human clinical oral cavity was screened for the production of mutacin. It can inhibit the growth of other mutans streptococci, many other gram-positives and some gram-negative bacteria. Average size of the inhibitory zone ranged between 12-20mm. The inhibitory activity could not be related to organic acids, bacteriophages and hydrogen peroxide. Mutacin VSM43 was protease sensitive, remained active within a pH range of 2-8, and lost activity after heating at 100 degrees C for 30 min. Mutacin VSM43 was dialyzable through dialysis membrane (pore size 12,000 Da). A titre of 1280 arbitrary/activity units per ml (AU/mL) was shown against Staphylococcus aureus AB211. Lacuna frequency percentage (LF%) against Streptococcus mutans VSMD and Staphylococcus aureus AB211 was 37% and 49% respectively. We are convinced mutacin VSM43 may be a parallel candidate for use against dental caries.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1994

Isolation and biological properties of scorpionvenom proteins: iv-comparative study on four proteinases isolated from the venom of isometrus vittatus.

1) Four proteinases were isolated from the venom of a local scorpion species Isonietrus vittatus collected from Sindh region, Pakistan and named PRO,(IA) PRO,(IB) PRO(IVA) and PRO(IVB). 2) Successive chromatography on Sephadex G-50, CM-Cellulose and Sephadex G-100 yield 25.5 mg, 20.5 mg, 24.0 mg and 20.0 mg of PRO,(IA) PRO(IB), PRO,(IVA) and PRO(IVB) respectively. 3) The purified toxins were homogenous by gel filtration chromatography and SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) giving single peak and band with an apparent molecular weight of 80.0 kda, 75.5 kda, 19.0 kda and 17.0 kda by gel filtration and 81.0 kda, 74.7 kda, 18.25 kda and 17.2 kda by SDS-PAGE. 4) PRO,(IA) PRO,(IVA) and PRO(IVB) have LD(50s) of 1.27 mg/kg, 1.91 mg/kg, 1.68 and 1.70 mg/kg respectively. The former two also caused marked alteration of serum enzyme and chemical constituent levels at sublethal dose whereas PRO(IVA) and PRO(IVB) were found to be less effective. 5) Enzymatic and biological activities of all four were inhibited by heating at 62 degrees C. Both activities were also inhibited by 1.8 mM EDTA and 1.2mM PMSF. Activities were enhanced by Ca(2+) but retarded and inhibited by Cu(4+) and Mg(2+), respectively.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1975

Comparison of the characteristics of avian reoviruses isolated from the digestive and respiratory tract, with viruses isolated from the synovia.

Two-week-old gnotobiotic chicks were inoculated in the foot pad with viruses isolated from synovia and synovial membrane-WVU 1464-29H, WVU 1675, WVU 2937, WVU 2986, and WVU 71-212; from digestive tract-reoviruses 24, 25, and 59; or from respiratory tract-reovirus Fahey-Crawley (FC). All viruses induced swelling of the foot pad and inflammatory changes of synovial membrane. Serum from virus-infected chicks had a common agar gel precipitin (AGP) line. On the basis of the plaque-reduction test in primary chicken kidney (PCK) cells, the viruses were classified into 4 major serotypes. All viruses produced cytopathic effects (CPE) in primary chicken tissue cultures. Other than reovirus FC and WVU 1464-29H, all viruses produced CPE in the Vero cell line.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

A rare form of isolated mesenteric Castleman's disease presenting as an abdominal mass (isolated mesenteric Castleman's disease).

Castleman's disease is a rare disorder characterized by proliferation of the lymphoid tissue. The most frequent location of the disease is the mediastinum. The location of the disease in the mesentery is rare and it is usually associated with the generalized form of the disease. We report a case of a 22-year old woman with isolated mesenteric Castleman's disease of the lymphoid variant, which presented as a palpable abdominal mass. The final diagnosis was reached after exploratory laparotomy and resection of the tumor. The described case is the first reported case of Castleman's disease of the lymphoid subtype, located in the mesentery.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed1991

[Susceptibilities of clinical bacterial isolates to antimicrobial agents, 1989. A study mainly focused on imipenem. The Research Group for Testing Imipenem Susceptibilities of Clinical Isolates].

We investigated susceptibilities of clinical bacterial isolates to imipenem (IPM) and other antimicrobial agents at hospital laboratories throughout Japan from September to December of 1989. The susceptibility testing was carried out according to the 1-dilution or 3-dilution disc technique in which susceptibilities are classified into 4 grades: (+++), (++), (+) and (-). IPM showed markedly high in vitro activities against Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter freundii, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Bacteroides fragilis and had rather strong activities against Enterococcus faecalis, Haemophilus influenzae, Serratia marcescens, Proteus mirabilis, Morganella morganii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Achromobacter xylosoxidans, but was less active to Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci and Xanthomonas maltophilia. IPM has been found to have activities superior to those of other antibiotics tested against E. faecalis, E. cloacae, C. freundii, S. marcescens, P. aeruginosa and B. fragilis. No antibiotics tested showed good activities against MRSA except minocycline.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1991

Immunity in swine inoculated with larvae or extracts of a pig isolate and a sylvatic isolate of Trichinella spiralis.

Inoculation of swine with a sylvatic isolate of Trichinella spiralis, designated T s nativa, resulted in low numbers of muscle larvae, compared with muscle larvae accumulation in swine inoculated with a pig type of T s spiralis. Despite low infectivity of T s nativa for swine, primary inoculation resulted in high levels of immunity against challenge infection with T s spiralis. This immunity was expressed in accelerated expulsion of challenge adults from the intestine and reduced numbers of muscle larvae. Pigs inoculated with T s nativa developed cellular and humoral responses similar to those in pigs inoculated with T s spiralis. However, in immunoblots, sera from pigs inoculated with T s nativa recognized additional proteins in muscle larvae excretory-secretory (ES) products, compared with sera from pigs inoculated with T s spiralis. Active immunization of pigs with ES products from T s nativa resulted in numerically higher, but not significantly different levels of immunity, compared with pigs immunized with ES from T s spiralis. The highest levels of immunity were obtained in pigs immunized with a T s spiralis newborn larval extract. The combination of ES products and newborn larval extract did not result in additive levels of immunity. These results indicate that the major immune effector response to Trichinella sp in pigs is against the newborn larvae, regardless of the genetic type of Trichinella sp.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Susceptibilities of clinical bacterial isolates to antimicrobial agents. A study mainly focused on imipenem. Research Group for Testing Imipenem Susceptibility on Clinical Isolates].

We investigated susceptibilities of clinical bacterial isolates to imipenem (IPM) and other antimicrobial agents at 459 hospital laboratories throughout Japan from September to December of 1988. In this study, identification and susceptibility testing were performed at each hospital laboratory and the tests were carried out according to the 1-dilution or 3-dilution disc technique in which susceptibilities are classified into 4 grades: , ++, + and -. IPM had significantly high activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterobacter cloacae, Salmonella spp., Citrobacter freundii, Proteus mirabilis, Providencia rettgeri, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Moraxella catarrhalis, Alcaligenes spp., Peptococcus spp./Peptostreptococcus spp., Bacteroides fragilis and Bacteroides spp. and should slightly lower activities on coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS), Enterococcus faecalis, Haemophilus influenzae, Serratia marcescens, Proteus vulgaris, Providencia stuartii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa than on the above mentioned bacteria. In a comparative study on activities of IPM against bacteria from different clinical sources, no remarkable differences were found due to different sources among S. pneumoniae, E. faecalis, H. influenzae, E. coli, K. pneumoniae, E. cloacae, C. freundii, P. mirabilis or A. calcoaceticus, whereas slight differences were found among Staphylococcus aureus, CNS, S. marcescens and P. aeruginosa.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1977

[Action of toxins isolated from scorpion and sea anemone venoms on ileum isolated from reserpine-treated guinea pigs].

We have shown that the ileum isolated from a reserpinized guinea Pig does respond to toxin II obtained from Scorpion venom but does not react to Anemonia sulcata toxin. We conclude that if Acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter inducing pharmacological activity of Scorpion toxin it is serotonin which triggers activity of Anemonia sulcata toxin in ileum of a normal guinea Pig.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[The selective isolation of cosmid clones by homologous recombination in Escherichia coli--a cosmid clone containing t complex linkage DNA sequence of mouse was isolated].

A procedure for the selective isolation of specific cosmid clones by homologous recombination between cosmid clones of genomic library and a probe DNA sequence cloned in a plasmid in vivo has been developed. The cosmid library was constructed in a rec- host cell strain and packaged into phage particles in vivo. The rec+ host cells containing a DNA sequence used as selection probe cloned in the pUC plasmid were infected by packaged cosmid phage particles. There is no homology between cosmid and the plasmid vectors. After a period of 1-3 hr. for the recombination to take place, the probe plasmids were integrated into cosmid, in which the DNA sequence are homologous with the probe, by homologous recombination. The cosmids are then packaged in vivo and transferred into a rec- cell strain. The specific cosmid clones were selected by double antibiotic resistance carried by both vectors. The probe plasmid can be excised by lambda excision enzyme by using superinfection with red+ phage. After packaging in vivo, these cosmid revertants can be identified on Xgal plate. A cosmid clone containing the t complex linkage DNA sequence of mouse was selected by using the procedure above with a probe derived from microdissected metaphase chromosome.

Animals↗