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At least 847 records · Page 47Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Control of cassettes for general roentgenography].

Testing a clamp and checking light-tight ability during cassette control are proposed to combine in one procedure using a specially designed phantom in order to save both films, chemical agents and operating time. The phantom shields from X-radiation 19% of marginal area where light exposure is permitted. The remaining phantom area is filled with the 5 x 5 mm grid made of radiopaque wires 0.5 mm in diameter.

Quality Control↗
PubMed1982

[Advantages of linear tomography in plain roentgenography of small intrasellar space-occupying processes (author's transl)].

Diagnosis of small intrasellar space-occupying processes, known as microadenomas, requires a subtle study of the structural conditions of the floor and anterior wall of the sella. The intended aim cannot be achieved by means of processes of measurement technology. Linear tomography, nowadays hardly used in the skull region, has been found useful for diagnosis. If the region under investigation is placed at right angles to the scanning plane, the thicker image supplied by the linear tomogram supplies better information on the extent of the changes. The advantages of this tomographic technique, which is employed as an assisting measure, are demonstrated by means of several representative cases.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1982

[Diagnosis of pulmonary embolism: lung perfusion scintigraphy and thoracic roentgenography. Comparison of results in 472 patients with suspected pulmonary embolism].

Although lung-perfusion scintigraphy has been proved to be the most helpful method in the diagnosis of suspected pulmonary embolism, especially in comparison with actual chest-X-ray or ventilation studies, sometimes problems occur in interpreting the scan. The aim of the present retrospective study in 472 patients with suspected pulmonary embolism was to reevaluate the reliability of direct and indirect radiological findings typical for pulmonary embolism. Out of 155 patients with confirmed pulmonary embolism 41% showed those signs in chest-X-ray (true-positive). 59% cases were found to be false-negative. Patients without pulmonary embolism (84%) did not demonstrate any radiological symptoms typical for pulmonary embolism (true-negative) but 16% did (false-positive). Physicians should pay more attention to X-ray findings despite the fact, that their sensitivity and specificity are low, because radiological symptoms represent important additional information, helpful especially in controversial clinical results.

Angiography↗
PubMed1982

[Chondropathia patellae--preoperative and postoperative demonstration of the patellar structure in plain roentgenography (author's transl)].

The study is based on 86 patients surgically treated for chondromalacia patellae, who in a 2 year follow-up were controlled by défilé-radiographs and clinical examination. While there was an improvement of all clinical symptoms examined, no significant change in the radiologic appearance of the patellar structure was observed as compared with the pre-operative status. This includes that neither significant changes indicating development of arthrosis nor aggravation of pre-existing arthrotic lesions could be found. However, it is commonly suggested from roentgenographic findings with type 3 lesions, that severe chondromalacia patellae may be precursor of osteoarthrosis.

Cartilage Diseases↗
PubMed1982

Measurement of cortical thickness in a human cadaver femur. Conventional roentgenography versus computed tomography.

Mechanical testing of bone specimens provides information on the fundamental properties of bone and greater understanding of the mechanisms for specific injury patterns. Because the shaft of a long bone can be considered a cylinder, relatively simple models can be used to predict the response of bone to applied forces. However, the cortex thickness along the shaft must be known prior to stressing and fracturing the bone. Conventional roentgenograms and computed tomographic (CT) scans were used to measure at 300 points along the femoral shaft. Both roentgenograms and CT scans overestimated the measured cortical thicknesses by 6% (+/- 11.1%) and 13.4% (+/- 7.8%), respectively. While the roentgenographic method is more accurate, the CT method is technically easier to implement and more generally suitable for the purposes of most research.

Femur↗
PubMed1978

[The value of roentgenography in the lateral projection for the conduct of breech delivery (author's transl)].

Breech delivery is still attended by considerably higher perinatal mortality and morbidity than is the normal presentation. Additional diagnostic methods are, therefore, needed for the safe conduct of breech deliveries. Roentgenograms in the lateral projection are a simple, but too rarely used, means that, in conjunction with the clinical findings, will provide essential information regarding the obstetric technique to be adopted. The objections to "X-ray diagnosis during pregnancy" are totally unfounded it Guthmann's single exposure technique is used. A retrospective analysis of 221 roentgenograms of breech presentation was correlated with the course of delivery. The results were highly informative in respect of both the pelvic abnormality and, especially, the therapeutic consequences. The X-ray evidence made it possible to reduce perinatal mortality (uncorrected) to 1.8 percent (generally stated to be 10--15 percent) and corrected mortality to nil.

Breech Presentation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Potentials of noncontrast roentgenography of the skull in diagnosing small intrasellar hypophyseal tumors].

The results of non-contrast craniography in the diagnosis of small hypophyseal tumors are analysed. It was shown, that non-contrast craniography, i.e. ordinary craniography, radiography with the enlarged image, stereography and particularly tomography, is a safe method for diagnosing small intrasellar hypophyseal tumors. Radiodiagnosis of small intrasellar hypophyseal tumors is based on the determination of the pituitary fossa size and a detailed study of its state (structure, thickness, bicontour shape, disorder extent). To exclude hypophyseal microadenoma dynamic radiography is indicated every 6 months during 3 years to the patients with endocrine abnormalities, when the pituitary fossa size is within the upper limits of normal, provided the pituitary fossa walls are not affected.

Adolescent↗