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At least 847 records · Page 47Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Leiomyosarcoma in Poland's syndrome. A case report.

We describe a 56-year-old female with absence of the right pectoralis muscles, aplasia of the right breast, and skeletal deformities of the right hand, typical of Poland's syndrome. Following complaints of lower abdominal pain, a CT examination revealed an 8-cm mass in the right anterior pelvic wall. Surgical resection of the mass revealed a high-grade, poorly differentiated leiomyosarcoma. Poland's syndrome is known to be associated with a high incidence of leukemia but this is the first description of its association with leiomyosarcoma. Although we cannot exclude the possibility of a chance association, it is reasonable to assume that, similar to other syndromes with multiple congenital anomalies, the association with an increased incidence of malignancy is an integral part of the underlying genetic abnormality.

Female↗
PubMed1992

[Costo-clavicular outlet syndrome].

Syndromes caused by the compression of the neurovascular bundle are not a rare pathology, though their exact frequency cannot be assessed. Neurovascular bundle in the upper limbs may be compressed at the costo-clavicular space, interscalene triangle or at the insertion of the minor pectoralis muscle into the coracoid process. More than 90% of patients present neurological symptoms and 10% also have vascular problems. Diagnosis depends on a careful clinical and instrumental study of the patients. Arteriography, phlebography and Doppler tests were of value in the diagnostic approach, showing the compression of the subclavian artery and vein using the arm abduction manoeuvre. Electromyography is of value in differential diagnosis of the carpal tunnel syndrome showing the entity and site of nerve compression. The best form of surgical treatment is resection of the first rib according to Roos, using an extrapleural and transaxillary route.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Dipyridamole-thallium myocardial imaging in patients unable to exercise adequately: comparison with arm and bicycle ergometer].

We assessed the usefulness of dipyridamole-thallium myocardial imaging in patients unable to exercise adequately, compared with arm-ergometer and standard (bicycle) ergometer. Fifty-six patients with arteriosclerosis obliterans, aortic aneurysm, aortic dissection and so on, who were revealed normal imaging, were studied. Only one of 13 cases with arm-ergometer and two of 14 with bicycle ergometer reached target heart rate. Lung thallium uptake in the cases with arm-ergometer (37 +/- 9%) is higher than that with dipyridamole (29 +/- 5%). This elevation may be confused with pectoralis muscle uptake. Washout rate is 45 +/- 9% with dipyridamole and 46 +/- 12% with bicycle ergometer, respectively, though there was no significant differences. Myocardial/background counts ratio with dipyridamole (4.6 +/- 0.8%) is significantly higher than that with arm and bicycle ergometer (arm-ergometer; 3.5 +/- 0.7, bicycle ergometer; 4.2 +/- 0.9). Then, myocardial image with dipyridamole have superior quality. We concluded that dipyridamole-thallium myocardial imaging is very useful in the patients who have suboptimal exercise efforts.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

[Mechanisms of changes in blood flow distribution between organs in hens during ontogenesis].

Anatomical and histological investigations of large arteries feeding head, extremities and chorioallantoic membrane were carried out in 11-, 14-, and 18-day old chicken embryos and in 1- and 40-day old Shaver chickens. The numerical relationships between an arterial diameter and a body mass; a vessel length, its external diameter and a wall thickness, were determined. Our data demonstrate that walls of large arteries in the anterior and the posterior parts of the chicken embryo body are different in quantity, composition, and maturity of their tissue components, determining the lumen size and hemodynamic conditions in the blood bed. The vessel growth velocity have been estimated. Ontogenic widening of gastrocnemius and pectoralis muscle capillary beds and of their supplying trunks, was compared. Calculations using the data on organ portions of cardiac output in chicken embryos show the maintenance of similar liner blood flow velocities in different large arteries suring ontogenesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Identification and categorization of the vascular patterns to muscles of the thoracic limb, thorax, and neck of dogs.

Vascular patterns to thoracic limbs, thorax, and neck muscles were studied in 10 dogs (20 limbs) to identify muscles most suitable for transposition in the treatment of large wounds. Gross dissection of injected specimens and angiography were used to identify vascular pedicles. Size and location of pedicles were generally consistent, and any variations would not interfere with most muscle transfers. The cutaneous trunci, latissimus dorsi, sternothyroideus, sternohyoideus, deep pectoral, anconeus, ulnaris lateralis, and ulnar head of flexor carpi ulnaris muscles were identified as suitable for transfer. The cranial trapezius, caudal omotransversarius, cleidobrachialis, and caudal sternocephalicus muscles also had potential for use. Other muscles, because of inaccessibility or unfavorable vascular pattern, were not suitable candidates for transfer.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Clenbuterol induced changes in cholesterol and triglyceride levels of gastrocnemius, pectoralis and heart of rat under work induced stress.

Work induced stress led to decreased cholesterol and fluctuating triglyceride levels in gastrocnemius and pectoralis muscles in rats. But the drug (clenbuterol, 2 mg kg(-1) day(-1)) treatment increased cholesterol and triglyceride levels in both the muscles. However, heart showed decreased cholesterol and increased triglyceride level in the animals under work stress, but at the same time drug treatment led to a significant increase in levels of the two lipid fractions, inferring towards deleterious effect of the drug on heart.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Arteriopathy in the high-performance athlete.

Pain occurs frequently in high-performance athletes and is most often due to musculoskeletal injury or strain. However, athletes who participate in sports that require highly frequent, repetitive limb motion can also experience pain from an underlying arteriopathy, which causes exercise-induced ischemia. We reviewed the clinical records and follow-up care of 3 high-performance athletes (mean age, 29.3 yr; range, 16-47 yr) who were admitted consecutively to our institution from January 2002 through May 2003, each with a diagnosis of limb ischemia due to arteriopathy. The study group comprised 3 males: 2 active in competitive baseball (ages, 16 and 19 yr) and a cyclist (age, 47 yr). Provocative testing and radiologic evaluation established the diagnoses. Treatment goals included targeted resection of compressive structures, arterial reconstruction to eliminate stenosis and possible emboli, and improvement of distal perfusion. Our successful reconstructive techniques included thoracic outlet decompression and interpositional bypass of the subclavian artery in the 16-year-old patient, pectoralis muscle and tendon decompression to relieve compression of the axillary artery in the 19-year-old, and patch angioplasty for endofibrosis affecting the external iliac artery in the 47-year-old. Each patient was asymptomatic on follow-up and had resumed participation in competitive athletics. The recognition and anatomic definition of an arteriopathy that produces exercise-induced ischemia enables the application of precise therapy that can produce a symptom-free outcome and the ability to resume competitive athletics.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Repair of calvarial nonunions by osteogenin, a bone-inductive protein.

Efforts were taken to determine the dose of bovine osteogenin (OG) that would induce more bone than that induced by 20 mg of rat particulate demineralized bone matrix (DBM), the amount allowed by the confines of an 8-mm rat craniotomy defect. Dose-response studies were performed for demineralized bone matrix alone and osteogenin, partially purified from bovine demineralized bone matrix, plus rat insoluble collagenous bone matrix (M). Demineralized bone matrix alone (2.5, 5.0, 10, 20, or 40 mg) or osteogenin (0.0625, 0.125, 0.250, 0.50, or 1.0 mg) plus 25 mg insoluble collagenous bone matrix was implanted into the pectoralis muscle for 3, 5, and 7 weeks. Both materials induced time- and dose-dependent formation of bone. The three highest dosages of osteogenin (plus insoluble collagenous bone matrix) induced more bone than 20 mg demineralized bone matrix and seemed to accelerate bone repair. However, when implanted into the 8-mm rat craniotomy defect for 4 weeks, 20 mg demineralized bone matrix and 0.5 mg osteogenin (plus insoluble collagenous bone matrix) induced comparable amounts of bone. These results suggest different mechanisms for bone formation in heterotopic and orthotopic sites.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Scanning electron microscopic study of cell attachment to biodegradable polymer implants.

The biodegradable polymers--polylactic acid (PLA) and polyglycolic acid (PGA)--are currently being studied as carriers for bioactive bone regeneration compounds. The inclusion of osteo-inductive substances in poly-(DL, lactide-co-glycolide) copolymer alloplastic implants has been shown to enhance the repair of osseous defects. The purpose of this study was to examine, by SEM, the attachment relationship of biodegradable polymer implants to cells and tissue matrix. Three groups of copolymer implants were studied: (1) plain 50:50 PLA-PGA copolymer, (2) PLA-PGA copolymer with hydroxyapatite (HA), and (3) PLA-PGA copolymer with autolyzed, antigen-extracted (AA) bone particles. Polymer discs were surgically implanted into the pectoralis muscles of rats. At seven, 14, and 21 days post-implantation, the baskets were removed and the contents prepared for SEM. Results showed that at one week, implants were coated primarily with red and white blood cells in a fibrinoid clot. Degradation of the polymers was evidenced by irregular enlarging of polymer surface pores. At two and three weeks, polymers became lobular and then fibrinoid as degradation progressed. Inflammatory cell and red blood cell adhesions were increasingly replaced by fibroblasts and collagen matrix deposition. As polymer degradation progressed, AA and HA particles were exposed; however, the lack of cell or tissue adhesion in these areas suggests that degradation may be more influenced by the fluid environment than by direct cell attachment. Furthermore, degradation may inhibit direct cell attachment.

Animals↗