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PubMed2005

Delivering distance training to rural health care professionals.

This article reports on a project that delivers distance training to rural health care professionals. Traveling to provide training on information-seeking skills to rural health professionals is time consuming and costly. In addition to face-to-face training, the University of South Alabama Biomedical Library's SAMNet project seeks to deliver multimedia training to rural health care professionals. The project uses information technology to package training courses combining PowerPoint slides and video instructions. This article describes the rationale, training module design and development, and the information technology and software used in the project. Multimedia packaged distance training courses provide a practical alternative to on-site training for rural health care professionals. It enables librarians to provide training without traveling long distance, thus saving time and money. Additionally, rural health care professionals may access the modules at a time convenient to them and proceed at a pace suitable to their learning style.

Academic Medical Centers↗
PubMed2004

Preparing dental students to recognize and respond to domestic violence: the impact of a brief tutorial.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of a brief, interactive multimedia tutorial designed to prepare dentists to recognize and respond to domestic violence. METHODS: The authors randomly assigned dentists and dental students to one of three groups: a control group or one of two experimental groups in a modified Solomon four-group design. RESULTS: One hundred sixty-one dental students and 13 dentists completed the multimedia tutorial. At the posttest, subjects in both experimental groups demonstrated significantly better scores than did subjects in the control group on most items. The two experimental groups (pretest and posttest, posttest only) did not differ significantly from each other. CONCLUSION: An engaging, interactive tutorial presenting a simplified model for ways in which dental professionals can recognize and respond to domestic violence significantly improved dental students' knowledge of, and attitudes toward, the topic. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Clinicians may improve the care they provide to patients by accessing this brief tutorial and following the lessons contained in it.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2002

[Developing authoring tools for web-based multi-media orthopedics education modules].

In the framework of the EC-Project VOEU ("Virtual Orthopaedic European University"), authoring tools have been developed to support the implementation of online interactive courses for multimedia orthopaedic educational modules. Based on the pedagogical concept of case-based, problem-oriented learning, different user-interaction scenarios and Learning Objects (LOs) were analyzed and developed. Each LO acts as an interactive dialogue presenting one kind of question with certain rules and interactions. The multimedia course content entailing anamnesis, diagnosis and therapy is managed in a database and can be adaptively generated as certain LO with the help of Active Server Pages (ASPs). As an example, an interactive course on Developmental Dislocation of Hip has been implemented.

Computer-Assisted Instruction↗
PubMed1998

Computer-assisted diagnosis of pediatric rheumatic diseases.

OBJECTIVE: AI/RHEUM is a multimedia expert system developed originally to assist in the diagnosis of rheumatic diseases in adults. In the present study we evaluated the usefulness of a modified version of this diagnostic decision support system in diagnosing childhood rheumatic diseases. METHODOLOGY: AI/RHEUM was modified by the addition of 5 new diseases to the knowledge base of the system. Criteria tables for each of the diseases included in the knowledge base were modified to suit the needs of children. The modified system was tested on 94 consecutive children seen in a pediatric rheumatology clinic. RESULTS: AI/RHEUM made the correct diagnosis in 92% of the cases when the diagnosis was available in the knowledge base of the system. It was also shown to be effective in the education of pediatric trainees through its multimedia features. CONCLUSIONS: AI/RHEUM is an expert system that may be helpful to the nonspecialist as a diagnostic decision support system and as an educational tool.

Child↗
PubMed2004

Enhancement of prosthetics and orthotics learning and teaching through e-Learning technology and methodology.

A Write-Once Publish-Everywhere model was used to create and deliver on-line clinical training and education for undergraduate prosthetics and orthotics students. This project consisted of three phases: developing multimedia learning and teaching tools, integrating these tools into the curriculum (combination of e-Learning and live practical sessions), and evaluating the outcomes. Video-based multimedia contents were captured and integrated with graphic, audio and text into a PowerPoint presentation software format. The web-based content was integrated into the WebCT platform for course management. Questionnaires were used to obtain student feedback on this e-Learning approach. Results were compared within the prosthetics and orthotics (P&O) programme, with other Health Sciences programmes, and overall with the University. P&O student responses were significantly higher than other groups for career relevance and problem solving. Qualitative feedback indicated that students appreciated the easy access, integrated and interactive approach of the text materials, concise PowerPoint presentation, demonstration video and the on-line case discussion via the WebCT platform. Educators appreciated the ability easily to maintain contents and publish the modules across multiple media without recreating the contents.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Using WWW and JAVA for image access and interactive viewing in an integrated PACS.

We start from the observations that (1) potential benefits from PACS can only be realized if PACS and HIS are integrated into a 'multimedia medical information system', and (2) that this also requires integration at the level of the user interface. The user interface should allow integrated interaction with information from different subsystems, of which PACS is one. However, in the real world, different information systems are constructed using different technologies. Moreover, radiological image viewing is a highly interactive task that puts a particular burden on the graphical user interface. We describe our experiences in applying technology emerging around the 'World Wide Web' (WWW) for interactive access to an integrated PACS/HIS. We illustrate the use of Web browsers to access new medical services, touch technologies for interactive access to HIS-PACS information, and emphasize the potential of JAVA applets. We argue that JAVA may become an important tool for providing highly interactive user interfaces to larger multimedia information systems. We discuss Web technology in the general context of HIS/PACS integration.

Archives↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A network-based training environment: a medical image processing paradigm.

The capability of interactive multimedia and Internet technologies is investigated with respect to the implementation of a distance learning environment. The system is built according to a client-server architecture, based on the Internet infrastructure, composed of server nodes conceptually modelled as WWW sites. Sites are implemented by customization of available components. The environment integrates network-delivered interactive multimedia courses, network-based tutoring, SIG support, information databases of professional interest, as well as course and tutoring management. This capability has been demonstrated by means of an implemented system, validated with digital image processing content, specifically image enhancement. Image enhancement methods are theoretically described and applied to mammograms. Emphasis is given to the interactive presentation of the effects of algorithm parameters on images. The system end-user access depends on available bandwidth, so high-speed access can be achieved via LAN or local ISDN connections. Network based training offers new means of improved access and sharing of learning resources and expertise, as promising supplements in training.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed2001

Computer versus lecture: a comparison of two methods of teaching oral medication administration in a nursing skills laboratory.

The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of both an interactive, multimedia CD-ROM and a traditional lecture for teaching oral medication administration to nursing students. A randomized pretest/posttest experimental design was used. Forty-two junior baccalaureate nursing students beginning their fundamentals nursing course were recruited for this study at a large university in the midwestern United States. The students ranged in age from 19 to 45. Seventy-three percent reported having average computer skills and experience, while 15% reported poor to below average skills. Two methods were compared for teaching oral medication administration--a scripted lecture with black and white overhead transparencies, in addition to an 18-minute videotape on medication administration, and an interactive, multimedia CD-ROM program, covering the same content. There were no significant (p < .05) baseline differences between the computer and lecture groups by education or computer skills. Results showed significant differences between the two groups in cognitive gains and student satisfaction (p = .01), with the computer group demonstrating higher student satisfaction and more cognitive gains than the lecture group. The groups were similar in their ability to demonstrate the skill correctly. Importantly, time on task using the CD-ROM was less, with 96% of the learners completing the program in 2 hours or less, compared to 3 hours of class time for the lecture group.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1998

Building nursing informatics courses on the Web.

The Information Technology is rapidly being integrated into Educational Institutions and Health Care Environments. Although the use of computer for education and training is not new to the academic society, further prospects are available through the use of emerging technologies as the Multimedia and the World Wide Web. In today's rapidly changing healthcare environment, the need for high quality, cost effective education for employees, consumers, and students is gaining increased attention. The development of customised computer-based training programs has long been beyond the capabilities or financial resources of most healthcare organisations; however, with recent advancements in technology, this situation is rapidly changing. The Nurses represent the greater part of the Health Care Professionals thus the education of this group is of outmost importance for the health-care environments. The World Wide Web can be used as an educational tool in order to have better-educated Nurses not only by supporting the Academic institutions but also by providing Distance Learning Education covering new aspects of the Nursing Science. The purpose of this paper is to increase the understanding of the ways in which the emerging technologies of Multimedia and the World Wide Web can enhance the learning process, and also provide education at a distance.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1999

Real-time medical applications and telecommunications.

Telecommunications play an important role in telemedicine. Many forms of telecommunication services based on different telecommunication technologies are developed for various needs. The paper deals with complex real-time applications which demand high telecommunication requirements. At the beginning, medical applications are categorised and real-time applications qualified as multimedia applications. Requirements for multimedia elements are listed separately. Later on, short introduction of related telecommunication protocols is given. Real-time medical applications can show their ability in case of guaranteed quality of services delivered by telecommunication network as it is explained in the end.

Humans↗
PubMed1999

Accessing a WWW reference library of 3D models of pathological organs to support medical education.

A major aspiration of the medical community is to use multimedia databases to disseminate important research or clinical information and for education. We describe a WWW reference library of 3D models of human organs containing pathological and normal organs organised in cases, together with a variety of educational and supporting tools. Although the emphasis is chiefly on the teaching of medical students and the continuing education of physicians, the library is also a potentially-valuable resource for diagnostic investigation. This paper describes the environment, methodologies and tools for supporting 3D models in medical education. The prototype of the system is currently being completed; the full system is scheduled for public access in the year 2000 through multimedia publishers.

Computer-Assisted Instruction↗
PubMed1999

European and Latin-American countries associated in a networked database of outstanding guidelines in unusual clinical cases (ELCANO).

The aim of ELCANO, an EU-funded project, is to build a virtual multilingual multimedia library of unusual clinical cases related to gastroenterology. Based on a standardisation of the format to report and the representation of clinical information on WWW, the multilingual multimedia case has been developed and till now 350 cases have been included. User satisfaction and user acceptance of ELCANO are under evaluation.

Databases as Topic↗
PubMed1999

Education in Australia.

School-based adoption of Multimedia: An Australian Perspective. This paper will look first at the work of Young Media Australia--a national community-based, information, research, training and advocacy organization working in the field of children, young people and mass media. The adoption rate of multi-media, including information technologies, in school systems across Australia will then be examined. Issues relating to the use of school-based multimedia, including the internet, will also be identified.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

A regulated telemedicine system for day to day application in remote areas.

The NIVEMES project creates an international network of Health Service providers which offer Telemedicine-Teleconsultation services to Remote, Isolated places and to ship vessels for both routine and emergency situations. The base of the system is the powerful Multimedia Health Record, with the ability to manage conventional data, images, videos and biosignals, acquired directly from the medical device. National and international medical codification schemata are employed such as ICD-X and WHO standards. Telemedicine and Computing in Health Care are rapidly covering a pending gap, not fulfilled by current bureaucratic and telematic procedures. However even from the first test fields conducted during the past year, it is obvious that a variety of new training needs has arisen. The users of such systems need to be instructed new ways of conducting their business, of taking advantage of the services, even a new way of perceiving health care provision. The user interface of the software is kept simple, thus getting acquainted with it requires minimum effort; however there are other issues on which training is required to best exploit the advantages the system offers. The telemedical networks spawned in each country must be co-ordinated, and the user needs to know where and how he/she will acquire the necessary support. Home-cared patients will have to operate medical devices and telemedical software, a task which although made easy from today's technology, it still requires some basic training, specially as far as elderly users are concerned. The NIVEMES system uncovers a set of new training needs, but it offers at the same time a vehicle for educating the professional health-carers. The Health Record comprises a multimedia, explicit account of the patient history, which can be used for detailed and integrated study from trainee health carers of all levels (as well as from officers on board, people taking care of home-confined patients and others), on real data or in a simulated environment. At the same time the telemedicine facilities may increase the effectiveness of junior doctors working in remote areas and enhance the confidence residents have about their local health centres. Systems like NIVEMES prove that new user needs arise nowadays and employment of modern tools requires training in modern methods and in a new way of thinking.

Europe↗
PubMed2000

Prototypes and applications in neurotelemedicine.

The ENN project was able to develop internet based applications for sleep medicine and prototypes of multimedia tutorials for headache, epilepsy and headache. Telematic technologies were used throughout all workpackages of the European Neurological Network. This overview presents the conceptual links between expert systems, the multimedia database, CD-ROM based tutorials and software tools in order to support neurological diagnostic and therapeutic practice in sleep, headache and epilepsy.

Computer-Assisted Instruction↗
PubMed2002

[Experimental study on an auditory method for analyzing DNA segments].

To explore a new method for analyzing biological molecules that have already been sequenced, an experimental study on an auditory method was carried out. The auditory method for analyzing biological molecules includes audible representation of sequence data. Audible representation of sequence data was implemented by using a multimedia computer. Each mononucleotide in a DNA sequence was matched with a corresponding sound, i.e., a DNA sequence was "dubbed" in a sound sequence. When the sound sequence is played, a special cadence can be heard. In the audible representation experiment, special cadences of different exons can be clearly heard. The results show that audible representation of DNA sequence data can be implemented by using a multimedia technique. After a 5-time auditory training, subjects both in internal testing and external testing can obtain 93%-100% of judgment accuracy rate for the difference between two sound sequences of two different exons, thus providing an experimental basis for the practicability of this method. Auditory method for analyzing DNA segments might be beneficial for the research in comparative genomics and functional genomics. This new technology must be robust and be carefully evaluated and improved in a high-throughput environment before its implementation in an application setting.

Computational Biology↗
PubMed2003

Bedside cardiology skills training for the osteopathic internist using simulation technology.

Medical practice changes that limit patient availability, instructor time, and advances in technology have led to a greater use of simulators and multimedia computers in medical education. These systems address the problem of inadequate bedside skills training and poor proficiency among all health care providers. While studies have shown their effectiveness among medical students, residents, and practicing physicians, none has focused on the osteopathic internist population--one that is becoming more responsible for conducting initial and follow-up physical examinations. This report describes the use of "Harvey," the cardiology patient simulator, and the UMedic Multimedia Computer System at a workshop conducted at the American College of Osteopathic Internists' 61st Annual Convention and Scientific Sessions. Participants in this study significantly improved their ability to identify common cardiac auscultatory events, as indicated by pretest-to-posttest scores. Workshop participants were nearly unanimous in their belief that they would like to use these tools for learning and assessment.

Cardiology↗
PubMed2004

[The EDIT project. Problem-based learning on the web challenges students' thinking].

EDIT is short for Educational Development using Information Technology. The EDIT project was initiated by the Faculty of Health Sciences at Linköping University. The aim was to develop web-based scenarios for problem-based learning (PBL). Patient case studies and other medical problems or situations are illustrated by using realistic texts and multimedia, e.g. pictures and short films. Since the project started in 2001, EDIT-scenarios have been developed for six undergraduate programmes. The project covers two years of the medical programme. The use of multimedia has introduced new possibilities to challenge students' thinking by stimulating more senses. The different parts of a scenario are designed to raise questions without providing answers. Both students and tutors have perceived EDIT-scenarios as more motivating and interesting than the case studies on paper previously used. EDIT has contributed to improving and updating PBL-scenarios. This process has helped vitalise the discussions about pedagogical issues. For students as well as teachers, the project has lead to increased general familiarity with IT. In this paper, the project concept, practical aspects of the implementation, and pedagogical outcomes are discussed.

Education, Medical↗