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PubMed1988

The San Francisco Men's Health Study: continued decline in HIV seroconversion rates among homosexual/bisexual men.

The incidence of infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been monitored since 1984 in an area probability sample of homosexual/bisexual men drawn from a six-kilometer square area of San Francisco where the epidemic of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has been most severe. Annualized HIV seroconversion rates in previously uninfected cohort members have declined by 88 per cent from 5.9 per cent during the first six months of 1985 to 0.7 per cent during the last six months of 1987. Concurrent declines of approximately 80 per cent in the prevalence of sexual behaviors associated with HIV transmission were also observed in the sample.

AIDS Serodiagnosis↗
PubMed1982

Long-term effects after partial gastrectomy in elderly men. A longitudinal population study of men between 70 and 75 years of age.

Subjects who have had a partial gastrectomy are today mainly found among the elderly. In the population study of 70-year-olds in Gothenburg in 1971-72, 449 men were investigated. Out of these, 10% had had a partial gastrectomy. A total of 331 subjects was re-examined 5 years later at the age of 75. Two groups were recognized in accordance with operative method: Billroth type I (B I) and Billroth type II (B II). In comparison with the non-operated group, the B-II-operated group showed a mean lower body weight of about 6 kg at 70 and 11 kg at 75 years. Although the body weight was lower among operated subjects, no difference was found in the intake of energy and nutrients. There was a greater occurrence of bone fractures among the operated subjects. Tobacco smoking was commoner among subjects with partial gastrectomy. Among the B I and B II groups there was a change in the blood constituents B-hemoglobin, P-vitamin B12, S-calcium, S-ALP, and S-TIBC. At the age of 75 the bone mineral content of the heel bone, as measured with photon absorptiometry, was lower among operated subjects. An increased occurrence of smoking-related cancer was found among subjects with partial gastrectomy.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Risk factors for HIV infection in homosexual men: the Cleveland men's study of risks in a low-prevalence area.

Detailed questionnaires concerning alcohol and drug use, sexual practices, and medical history were completed by 301 homosexual men living in the Cleveland metropolitan area. Their sera were subsequently tested for antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus. Fifty-six (18.6%) were seropositive. In a univariate analysis, age, drug use, and four specific sexual practices were associated with seropositivity. In a multiple logistic regression analysis, intravenous drug use and receptive anal-genital sex remained independent predictors of seropositivity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Urinary incontinence in men--a neglected problem? A quarter of all 80-year old men suffer of urinary leakage].

Urinary incontinence is an increasing health problem in industrialised countries, and has been shown to affect more the eight per cent of the adult population. Incontinence accounted for about two per cent of Swedish health care costs in 1990, and the costs are rising. Although the diagnosis and treatment of female incontinence has attracted more attention since the condition is more prevalent among women, the impact on quality of life is no less among men. As a variety of causes and underlying diseases may result in involuntary urine leakage, careful evaluation is mandatory before treatment is initiated. The article consists in a review of common diagnoses and treatment options in cases of male incontinence.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed2000

Ethnic identity, gay identity, sexual sensation seeking and HIV risk taking among multiethnic men who have sex with men.

Data (N = 302) were collected from gay bars, bathhouses, community events and programs targeting gay men of color, and male participants of the National Minority AIDS Council Conference of AIDS in Dallas, 1998. More than half of the sample reported at least one incident of unprotected anal sex in the past month. Logistic regression analysis identified sexual sensation seeking (odds ratio [OR] = 4.22, p = .0001, confidence interval [CII = 2.39, 7.45); not having a defined gay identity (OR = 3.63, p = .0007, CI = 1.73, 7.65); being in a sexually exclusive relationship (OR = 2.94, p = .0016, CI = 1.51, 5.73); and, for those born overseas, length of stay in the United States (OR = .94, p = .0436, CI = .86, .98) as significant predictors of unprotected anal sex among the sample.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Social network and regular dental care utilisation in elderly men. Results from the population study "Men born in 1914", Malmö, Sweden.

In connection with an extensive examination of their health status, a representative sample of 68-year-old men (n = 621) in the city of Malmö, Sweden, were interviewed in detail regarding different aspects of the social network, social support and social influence of the individual, dental care utilisation and perceived dental health. 79% of the dentate and 7% of the edentulous subjects made regular dental visits. The most important reason for not visiting a dentist regularly was "no perceived need". Social class and different aspects of social network and social support were in univariate analyses associated with regular dental care. In the multivariate analysis, social anchorage and social participation, subconcepts of the social network, and social class showed independent associations with regular dental care. The addition of the social network and social support variables yielded a more differentiated and thereby a more valid picture of the determinants of regular dental care utilisation. These factors should therefore be considered when public health efforts to increase the number of elderly persons receiving regular dental care are made.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Blood pressure in 60-year-old men. Findings in a health survey and some comparisons with 50-year-old men in the same community.

A population survey of 60-year-old men (n=331) was performed in Uppsala. tthe prevalence of hypertension defined as established hypertension and those having an unknown diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of greater than or equal to 105 mmHg was 19.3%. Of the hypertensive population, 35.9% had not been detected previously. In the treated group, 43.9% were poorly controlled regarding the BP level. Thus 64.1% of the total hypertensive population at the age of 60 years were either undetected or inadequately controlled. Excretion of urinary electrolytes was also evaluated in this work. All participants of the health survey except four performed a 24-hour collection of urine following the health examination. Care was taken with endogenous creatinine clearance. Negative and significant correlations were noted between excretion of sodium and potassium in urine and DBP levels in the group (n=23) of untreated hypertensives. In a population sample (n=135) of healthy subjects devoid of medical treatment in the same population survey, a positive and significant correlation was noted between the systolic BP and the urinary excretion of sodium. Thus up to a certain BP level there is a pressure diuresis and at higher BP levels the kidney retains electrolytes.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1982

[A rare variety of polyendocrine neoplasms: the MEN IIb and MEN III syndrome].

The MEN IIb syndrome is a rare form of multiple endocrine neoplasia, clearly defined more than 15 years ago, since which time more than 100 cases have been identified. It has a characteristic phenotype appearance which is unique and should permit more frequent diagnosis. The patient who is the subject of this study had passed through several different hospital departments without his very characteristic appearance being recognized or a diagnosis established. The marfanoid aspect of such patient is however very obvious, with kyphosis, skeletal asymmetry and funnel chest. The facial appearance of blunt features and thick lips is even more specific. The tongue and digestive mucosa are covered with small polypoid lesions which are submucosal ganglioneuromas. The visible presence of fine hyperplastic nerve fibres on the cornea is pathognomonic. This syndrome occurs sporadically but is generally transmitted genetically in an autosomal dominant manner. A medullary thyroid carcinoma, followed or preceded by pheochromocytoma (often bilateral), is associated with these dysmorphic signs. The tumours are themselves preceded by C-cell hyperplasia or adrenal medullary hyperplasia. The ganglioneuromas which predominate in the digestive tract exist from birth. The accompanying symptoms may, initially, be mistaken for inflammatory bowel disease. The prognosis is poor, since it relates to the evolution of the medullary thyroid carcinoma which is particularly malignant and presents at an early age. We have been following the course of this unusual disease of the APUD system in a young man, now aged 26 years, for over 2 years.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1993

Investigation of motivational and behavioural factors influencing men who have sex with other men in public toilets (cottaging).

One-hundred-and-thirty-four individuals engaging in cottaging returned postal questionnaires. The sample was mainly urban and gay identified. Cottagers reported that cottaging was one way of meeting partners amongst a range of others they used. Most enjoyed it and felt in control of their cottaging. The majority of cottagers engaged in safer sexual activity, but there were a significant number who engaged in unsafe sexual activity last time they cottaged. Of those who had been voluntarily tested in the past and reported their serostatus, 23% were seropositive. Unsafe sexual activity was unrelated to whether tested or not, known serostatus or knowledge of the risks of transmission.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Social network, social support and heavy drinking in elderly men--a population study of men born in 1914, Malmö, Sweden.

We analysed whether there were associations among different aspects of social network and social support, on one hand, and heavy drinking and alcohol problems on the other. The study sample (n = 621) comprised a random half of all male residents born in 1914 in Malmö, Sweden. Five hundred (80.5%) participated. Heavy drinking was defined as an alcohol consumption above 250 g alcohol per week and alcohol problems were assessed by a modified Michigan Alcoholism Screening test. Eight conceptually differential aspects of social networks and social support were measured. Four of five social network indices (social anchorage, social participation, contact frequency, spousal support) were associated with heavy drinking (OR 1.9-2.5) and two social network indices (social anchorage, spousal support) were associated with alcohol problems (OR 2.1-2.3). The results in this study are independent of social class, but based on a cross-sectional study, so we do not know if heavy drinking has caused social isolation or the contrary. If these results can be verified in a prospective study, a strengthening of the social network of the individual could perhaps lead to more moderate alcohol habits and better health, a finding of potential importance in the field of health promotion.

Aged↗