[Oral lesions in diabetic patients: description of a case].
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A case of a 25-year-old white adult female with geographic tongue is reported. A decrease in lingual tactile sensitivity was indicated to exist as measured through mechanical vibration. This decreased lingual sensitivity remained constant over a 10-week interval, even though the patient developed an overall healthier general outlook during this period. The overt symptoms accompanying this condition also changed from day to day, but appeared to have little or no effect on the overall decreased lingual tactile sensitivity.
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One hundred thirty-two atopic patients have been investigated for coincidental tongue lesions. There was a significantly increased frequency of exfoliatio linguae areata (35.7%) amongst the patients when compared to a control group. These results let suggest that exfoliatio linguae areata is a possible manifestation of atopy. Psychosomatic factors which probably contribute to both exfoliatio linguae areata and atopy are suggested to explain the high incidence of this anomaly of the tongue in atopics.
Radiotherapy involving the oral cavity and salivary glands induces a wide range of alterations in oral tissues and salivary gland functions which may result in oral side effects. Some of these are inevitable and transient such as radiation mucositis, some however may be permanent such as xerostomia. Others however are preventable, and are caused by poor radiation techniques, application of excessive radiation doses or lack of necessary preventive measures. Frequent complications in these patients are development of caries, dental hypersensitivity, rapidly progressive periodontal disease and loss of taste. Occasionally, trismus and osteoradionecrosis may develop. Careful treatment planning before start of radiotherapy with adequate dosimetry and careful shielding of the healthy tissues as well as close monitoring of the oral cavity with strict application of preventive measures (dental care protocol) can significantly reduce the incidence of these complications. The private practitioner should keep in mind the life-long precautions that are necessary when treating these patients.