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PubMed1992

Fecundity and the use of video display terminals.

The association between prolonged waiting time to pregnancy and the use of a video display terminal (VDT) was investigated among commercial and clerical employees in Denmark. Information on 24,352 pregnancies was obtained through register linkage with two national registers. A random sample of 2252 pregnancies was drawn, and the women were asked for information on waiting time to pregnancy, occupational exposures, and life-style factors. The overall exposure to a VDT indicated a slightly increased association with prolonged waiting time to pregnancy. The relative risks for waiting more than one year were 1.23, 0.77, and 1.61 for the women who worked with a VDT for 1-10, 11-20, and > or = 21 h per week, respectively. Only the last relative risk was statistically significant. The results could be explained by methodological shortcomings such as recall bias or confounding by alternative factors that might affect time to pregnancy, or simply by the lack of statistical power.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Psychology and fecundity. Motivations for parenthood].

Questions relating to population problems are more and more important at different levels, i.e. political, economic, national and international. In demographical research, sociological analyses were routine, but other disciplines such as psychology have rarely been emphasized for understanding mechanisms of fecondity. In a preliminary research on motivations to parenthood, this article proposes a critical analysis of the main orientations of research in the area of fecondity: socio-psychological studies, analytical and other works psychologically oriented on attitudes, motivations and values towards the child. It also delines the conceptual frame for a new research.

Attitude↗
PubMed1996

[The fecundity of immigrants to Argentina, the French of Tandil, 1860-1914].

Based on the reconstitution of families of French immigrants who settled in Tandil (Buenos Aires) during the great wave of immigration, this article examines the migrants' fertility. Legitimate births, descendants, proto and intergenesiacal intervals as well as the maternal ages at the final delivery are successively analyzed. The results are then compared with data gathered in the French regime from which the immigrants came. The application of the method perfected by Louis Henry makes possible a micro-discussion of certain hypotheses connecting the demographic transition in Argentina with the arrival of European immigrants. The article's main findings are that there was no voluntary birth control among the immigrants and the determination of their birthrate, which was midway between that existing in their native regions in France and that of the local population in Argentina.

Argentina↗
PubMed2001

Anti-mosquito ovary antibodies reduce the fecundity of Anopheles stephensi (Diptera:Insecta).

Rabbit antibodies to five antigens (AJ** 29, 35, 43, 64, and 80 kDa) derived from the ovaries of Anopheles stephensi tended to reduce the number of eggs produced. Ingestion of anti-mosquito ovary antibodies did not show a detectable effect on the mortality of mosquitoes. Antisera raised against An. stephensi ovaries showed cross-reactivity in other tissues and in the ovaries of other Anopheles spp. by Western blotting. The results indicate that anti-mosquito ovary antibodies have the potential to disrupt the reproductive physiology of mosquitoes, and indicate the need for further studies with target antigens.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Eye colour as a genetic marker for fertility and fecundity of Triatoma infestans (Klug, 1834) Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae.

Eye colour of Triatoma infestans is controlled at a single autosomal locus, with black-eye as the dominant gene and red-eye as the recessive. Inheritance of these characters follows a classical Mendelian system, enabling eye colour to be used as a marker for studies of mating frequency. We found no significant differences in oviposition rates and egg hatching rates irrespective of parental phenotypes. Different mating schedules between red-eye and black-eye parents showed that eye colour did not affect mating competence. Females mated with a single male or with different males together or in succession produced similar numbers of fertile eggs, with the eye colour of the offspring reflecting exposure to the different males. We conclude that although a single mating can provide sufficient sperm for the whole reproductive life of the female, multiple matings can result in balanced assortative sperm usage from the spermatheca.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Fecundity, fertility, and sterility: assessment and controversy].

The author reviews problems concerning infertility in developed countries. Topics covered include natural fertility, "demographic and social trends in family planning such as increasing maternal age at first childbirth, the increase of age-specific infertility rates through known ([adnexitis]), unknown (the environment) or debatable (induced abortion, certain contraceptive methods) causes, and the availability of highly developed techniques to assist conception. The actual prevalence of infertility is poorly documented and is either derived from demographic surveys or from hospital populations. To record the true prevalence of infertility, population-based surveys including infertility specialist confirmation of the etiology are needed. One survey of this type indicates a lifetime prevalence of 17% of couples." (SUMMARY IN ENG)

Abortion, Induced↗