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PubMed1997

Compartive studies on the effect of bithionol, praziqantel and triclabendazole in rabbit's fascioliasis. 1. Parasitological studies.

Rabbits were infected with 30 metacercariae each. They were then divided into four batches each of two groups. One batch served as controls and the others were treated each with a drug. The first group from each batch was treated when worms were still immature, the other group was treated after maturity. The effect of the drugs was monitored by: (1) Stool examination for eggs and studying the percent of egg reduction. (2) Worm recovery at autopsy and calculating the percent of the drug efficacy. (3) Culturing some eggs and following their embryonation and hatching. Results pointed out that Triclabendazole was the best fasciolicide followed by Bithionol. Praziquantel had a negligible effect.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Fascioliasis prevention in cloven-hoofed wild animals and animal reserves].

Pilot trials are described in which BHS, a Czechoslovak fasciolicide, was employed for mass treatment of fasciolosis in cloven-hoofed animals in wild-animals' reserves at the rate of 30 mg body weight using BHS-medicated feed. The treatment was combined with control measures against the intermediate host snail, Lymnaea truncatula, in primary biotopes using Frescon, a molluscicide of English origin, and CF-4, a molluscicide of Czechoslovak origin, at concentration of 1 and 0.5 per cent, respectively. Where the application of molluscicides was impracticable the intermediate host snails were controlled by means of sciomyzid larvae or by blasting surface layers of the soil.--Using this combined approach, the extensity of infestation, evaluated on the basis of coproovoscopical examination, was reduced from 7.05 to 0.71 per cent. The extensity of infestation, evaluated on the basis of necropsy findings, was reduced from 50 to 6.2 per cent. The intensity of infestation was reduced from 7.7 to 0.31 per cent per animal.--The results may prove useful in devising fasciolosis control schemes based on a complex approach.

Animal Population Groups↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Hepatic fascioliasis in children: uncommon clinical manifestations].

The present review has the objective to identify clinical epidemiologic characteristics and evolution for four children with Fasciola hepatica evaluated at the Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit at the Children's Health Institute, Lima, Peru, between 1988 and 1992. The first patient was a 9-year old girl who had fever, leg edema, collateral circulation and hepatomegaly, predominantly at the right lobe. The second was a 6-year old by who had upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage and fever; endoscopic diagnosis demonstrated hemobilia. The third case was a 12-year old boy who presented generalized edema. The fourth patient was a 9-year old boy with jaundice, fever and upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Esophageal varices and cirrhosis were present. In the four patients the diagnosis was made by the identification of parasite eggs in the feces. The first three cases responded satisfactorily to treatment with bithionol; the fourth patient died because of systemic failure.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Auto-antibodies in ovine fascioliasis.

In sheep, low complement fixation (CP) and passive haemagglutinating (PH) auto-antibody titres increased after primary and challenge infections with F hepatica, possibly to aid removal of tissue debris. Although the CF auto-antibodies were neither organ nor species specific and cross precipitating activity could be detected between sheep liver, kidney, lung and cattle and human livers with heterologous hyperimmune whole sheep liver anti-serum, sheep mitochondria do appear to contain an organ and species specific pH antigen.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Fasciola hepatica antigens. Use in the diagnosis of human fascioliasis].

The ELISA technique was standardized for detecting antibodies against Fasciola in 25 serum samples from patients-infected with Fasciola hepatica using excretion-secretion antigens (ESA), tegument antigen and somatic antigen. A study was made of serum samples from 46 patients with other parasites such as Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, Entamoeba histolytica, Schistosoma mansoni and Giardia lamblia. The cohort value for each trial was established after studying 100 serum samples from healthy people as negative controls taking as criterion the mean optical density plus 2 standard deviations from the mean. Regarding this group and using ESA, we obtained specificity and sensitivity.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Molluscacidal activity of Paraiso (Melia azedarach L.) (Meliaceae) on Lymnaea cubensis, host snail of fascioliasis].

INTRODUCTION: Fasciolosis is a source of serious economic loss in various regions of Brazil and when control measures of its host (molluscs) are not taken under favorable ecological conditions, isolated cases of human Fasciolosis may occur. Among the alternative measures for its control is the use of vegetable extracts and the purpose of this project is the assessment of the use of juice extracted from the fruit and seeds of the Paraiso plant (Melia azedarach L.) in the control of Lymnaea cubensis, the main vector of Fasciolosis in Cuba. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Various concentrations of the juice extracted from the Paraiso fruit (Melia azedarach L.) were tested to determine the average and maximum lethal doses (DL50 and DL90' respectively) used in a computerized PROBIT-LOG program. Seven experimental series were undertaken, 72 molluscs being used in each of them. Three groups of ten molluscs were tested to determine the effect on cardiac frequency, two of them being treated with CL50 = 0.88627 and CL90 = 1.7641, respectively, the third being used as control. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: A considerable effect of both doses on the cardiac frequency of the mollusc studied was observed. The results were encouraging, for they demonstrated the potential use of this plant in the control of undesirable molluscs.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

The epidemiology of fascioliasis in Malawi: I. The epidemiology in the intermediate host.

Fasciola gigantica Cobbold was studied in the intermediate host snail. On snail survey Lymnaea natalensis Krauss was the species found responsible for the transmission of Fasciola gigantica in Malawi. The ecology of this snail was studied at 5 different habitats spread throughout Malawi. The snail population was recorded high from April to October. The epidemiological cycle of Fasciola gigantica in the snail was determined and it was shown that snail infection was high in April and May and thus more metacercariae are released in August to October following such an infection. To complete the epidemiological picture studies reported separately were done involving the definitive host.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Chemoprophylaxis of fascioliasis with triclabendazole.

In a field experiment, moderate to heavy natural concomitant infections with immature and mature Fasciola hepatica were treated with triclahendazole at a dose rate of 10 mg/kg and an efficiency of 99.8% was achieved. Subsequent treatments of all susceptible farm animals at the same dose rate at intervals of eight to eleven weeks were carried out for 14 months; no patent infections could be detected in sheep and cattle during the whole period. Evidence is presented that pasture contamination with liver fluke was reduced to a negligible level for a further 12 months after the final treatment. It is suggested that, if regular treatments with triclabendazole are given within the pre-patent period of Fasciola hepatica infection for the whole season, the infection can be eradicated or reduced to such a low level that control of the disease could be maintained with less frequent strategic drenching for a considerable period.

Journal Article↗