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At least 847 records · Page 47Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Bimaxillary protrusion in black Americans--an esthetic evaluation and the treatment considerations.

This study attempted to discover what black Americans find attractive about their profile. Fifteen black patients (eight males, seven females) were selected at random and used as models. Lateral photographs were taken on each patient, and a computer was used to alter the profiles to depict different levels of bimaxillary protrusion. Each patient was manipulated into four different profile types according to specific numerical guidelines. A vertical reference line from soft tissue glabella, perpendicular to Frankfort horizontal, was used to measure the lip position. In each profile type only the horizontal lip position was altered. The four profile types were classified as S (straight) BM1, (bimax one), BM2 (bimax two) and BM3 (bimax three). The S profile was considered a straight or white facial profile, and the BM3 was an extreme example of bimaxillary protrusion. The photographs were surveyed among black and white laypersons, general dentists, and orthodontists. The results found the BM1 profile to be the most attractive. This was consistent with all groups surveyed. The BM1 profile would be considered a slightly convex profile and is more protrusive than white orthodontic norms. In this study comparisons of this profile to other standards are made and treatment considerations for black patients are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Evaluation of frictional resistance in esthetic brackets.

The purpose of this study was to measure the frictional forces generated between composite, ceramic, and metal brackets and selected wire alloy-size combinations with elastomeric and stainless steel ligatures in a dry environment. Four types of composite, one ceramic, one sapphire, and one metal bracket were tested with stainless steel, nickel-titanium, and beta-titanium wires. The testing was performed with two wire sizes in the 0.018-inch slot brackets and three wire sizes in the 0.022-inch slot bracket. The recently introduced composite brackets were found to offer lower frictional resistance than the ceramic and stainless steel brackets, regardless of the wire size, wire alloy, and type of ligation. The wire alloy with the least friction was stainless steel, followed by beta-titanium and nickel-titanium. Mean variability in friction, as reflected by the magnitude of the standard deviations, was 2.7 to 3 times more with the stainless steel ligation than the elastomeric ligation.

Bicuspid↗
PubMed1998

Esthetic soft tissue profile preferences among the Japanese population.

The purpose of this study was to determine the facial profile preferences in a sample of 2651 randomly selected panelists (mean age, 29.3 +/- 10.1 years) from Japanese cultural and educational backgrounds. Five facial profile types were computer-generated by an orthodontist to represent distinct facial types. Subjects were asked to rank the profiles in descending order of attractiveness. The ranking was as follows: orthognathic profile, bimaxillary retrusive profile, bimaxillary protrusive profile, mandibular retrognathic profile, and mandibular prognathic profile. The differences in rank scores between all the profile types were statistically significant (p < 0.05).

Adult↗
PubMed1999

The influence of the muscles of facial expression on the development of the midface and the nose in cleft lip and palate patients. A reflection of functional anatomy, facial esthetics and physiology of the nose.

The further improvement of well-established techniques in primary and secondary cleft surgery requires a detailed and interdisciplinary knowledge and observation of anatomical, functional and developmental problems. An investigation into the macroscopic and microscopic anatomy of the perinasal and perioral muscles and parts of the human nasal septum, as well as into the pathomorphology of ancient skulls with untreated clefts is presented. On this basis an interpretation of clinical findings in untreated newborns compared with surgically treated CLP-patients has been undertaken. The 3D-CT, superimposing photography and coloured experimental settings of nasal airflow complete the visualisation of the anatomical and functional findings.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

The use of three-dimensional techniques in facial esthetics.

The three-dimensional nature of beautiful faces is analyzed and beauty is investigated by means of optical-surface scanning. This noninvasive technique is described and illustrated and its value in the assessment of beauty noted. Forty men and 40 women with a normal Class I skeletal pattern and a Class I occlusion were scanned and an average face was obtained for each group. The averages were compared with those derived from a group of 9 men and 15 women employed as professional models and the differences were noted. A group of normal Asian teenagers were scanned to investigate ethnic differences. The groups of professional models were further analyzed to see whether they measured up to the "golden proportions" described by the ancient Greeks. The groups did not fit the "golden proportions" and they represented instead a range of malocclusion and a wide range of cephalometric values.

Anatomy, Cross-Sectional↗
PubMed1999

[Esthetic breast surgery].

A well developed breast is an important feature of femininity and for self-confidence. Augmentation mammaplasty is done by using alloplastic-implants. The silicon problem is briefly discussed. Evaluation, principal surgical techniques, possible complications are described.

Breast Implantation↗
PubMed1984

Psychological aspects of dentofacial esthetics and orthognathic surgery.

The literature and the results of the survey clearly confirm that physical attractiveness plays a major role in the social life and interaction among individuals. Cosmetic improvement is a powerful motivating factor leading people to seek treatment. Those who believe that the rewards of facial improvement will enable them to lead more satisfying and comfortable lives should be encouraged to proceed with the treatment. However, it is absolutely essential that those contemplating treatment be counseled before-hand and fully informed on the prognosis, risks and hazards, advantages and disadvantages of such procedures before embarking on treatment.

Attitude to Health↗