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PubMedDate not supplied

Inability of calcium hydroxide to induce reparative dentinogenesis at non-peripheral sites of dog dental pulp.

The ability of 2 calcium hydroxide-containing materials to induce initiation of reparative dentinogenesis was tested at sites remote from the dentinogenically-active regions of the pulp periphery. Pieces of the cements, Dycal and Life, were implanted in central parenchymal sites of dog dental pulps for periods of 6, 14 and 42 days, respectively. Similar pieces were placed in peripheral capping sites as controls. The responses were analyzed by light and transmission electron microscopy. Induction of tubular dentin matrix lined with elongated and polarized odontoblast-like cells was only seen at peripheral capping sites. In response to the centrally implanted cements, only atubular hard tissue with lining fibroblast-like cells was deposited.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Role of substance P on neurogenic inflammation in the rat dental pulp and inferior lip].

A physiological role of substance P (SP) in inflammatory reaction was examined in the rat incisor pulp and inferior lip. SP content in pulps and lips significantly increased after antidromic stimulation of the inferior alveolar nerve. Following the same stimulation, vascular permeability also increased significantly in pulps and lips, and this permeability response was significantly inhibited by an SP-antagonist. Morphine reduced the permeability response to antidromic stimulation in pulps but had no effect in lips. N-methyl levallorphan (a peripherally selective narcotic antagonist) prevented the morphine-induced reduction, and was more potent than naloxone. Morphine caused a marked increase of SP content in pulps following antidromic stimulation of the inferior alveolar nerve but failed in lips. These suggest a possibility that a peripheral SP release-suppressive mechanism by opiates may exist in pulps but not in lips. The permeability response to antidromic stimulation was also reduced by aspirin and a bradykinin antagonist in both of the tissues, indicating that prostaglandin and bradykinin may be related to this response. Since mepyramine and methysergide inhibited the permeability response in lips but were inactive in pulps, there is a difference in participation of histamine and serotonin between the two tissues. SP injection into the dental pulp and lip induced dye leakage. This response was inhibited by compound 48/80 pretreatment in lips whereas it was resistant in pulps. Histamine content in lips decreased significantly after antidromic stimulation and compound 48/80 pretreatment, but it was not changed in pulps. The present results suggest that in lips after being released from the peripheral sensory nerve endings SP may act on vascular system through histamine release from mast cells, while in pulps SP may directly cause vascular response because mast cells may be few or not exist.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Glycogen content and phosphorylase activities in deciduous dental pulp. Study on porcine teeth during root formation, fully formed root and root resorption phases.

Glycogen content and glycogen phosphorylases (a and total) were measured in dental pulps from pigs sacrificed at 20, 40, 50, 70, 90, 120, 180, 270 and 300 days of age. The following conclusions were drawn: (a) pulp glycogen content was higher during root formation than during root resorption; (b) the phosphorylase activities (a and total), were higher during root resorption than in the other phases; (c) pulps from different teeth, when in the same developmental stage, possessed a similar glycogen metabolism, as revealed by glycogen content and enzyme activity determinations.

Aging↗
PubMed1975

Fibrinolytic activity in human dental pulp.

It has been shown that the fibrinolytic activity is different in different tissues. In this investigation, performed in order to study the fibrinolytic activity in human dental pulp, the authors found a very high activity in this tissue. The importance of this finding is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Specificity and some physical properties of cathepsin D from bovine uterus and dental pulp.

The action of uterine cathepsin D on the insulin A-chain (S-sulfo) and porcine glucagon was compared with the action of bovine dental pulp cathepsin on the same substrates. Differences observed with respect to molecular and catalytic properties suggest that different gene products (coding for the same function) are used during cell differentiation.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed2000

Odontoblast differentiation of human dental pulp cells in explant cultures.

In order to elucidate the mechanisms involved in human dentin formation, we developed a cell culture system to promote differentiation of dental pulp cells into odontoblasts. Explants from human teeth were cultured in Eagle's basal medium supplemented with 10% or 15% fetal calf serum, with or without beta-glycerophosphate (beta GP). Addition of beta GP to the culture medium induced odontoblast features in the cultured pulp cells. Cells polarized and some of them exhibited a typical cellular extension. In some cases, cells aligned with their processes oriented in the same direction and developed junctional complexes similar to the terminal web linking odontoblasts in vivo. Fine structural analyses showed the presence of typical intracellular organelles of the odontoblast body, whereas the process contained only cytoskeleton elements and secretory vesicles. Polarized cells deposited onto the plastic dishes an abundant and organized type I collagen-rich matrix with areas of mineralization appearing thereafter. X-ray microanalysis showed the presence of calcium and phosphorus and the electron diffraction pattern confirmed the apatitic crystal structure of the mineral. High expression of alpha 1 (1) collagen mRNAs was detected in all polarized cells whereas dentin sialoprotein gene was mainly expressed in mineralizing areas. This cell culture system allowed for the differentiation of pulp cells into odontoblasts, at both the morphological and functional level. Moreover, these cells presented a spatial organization similar to the odontoblastic layer.

Adolescent↗