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At least 847 records · Page 47Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

The history of the tic douloureux: autopathograph of an Italian lawyer who suffered from trigeminal neuralgia from 1803 to 1824.

In the years from 1803 to 1824 an Italian lawyer suffered from paroxysmal facial pain that resembled essential trigeminal neuralgia. He kept a diary of his disease from its onset until 1823 when he was admitted to the old Arcispedale S. Anna in Ferrara (St. Anna's Hospital), Italy. The diary was recently discovered in the library of the Arcispedale S. Anna where it was probably put when the patient died. The patient was a man of notable culture and was able to describe with great diligence not only the course of his disease but also the most accredited treatments of that age. Some of the most famous Italian physicians of the period (A.G. Testa, V.L. Brera, G.A. Tommasini, A. Scarpa) examined and treated the patient. Letters of theirs were attached to the manuscript as well as notes on several treatments for trigeminal neuralgia drawn from medical magazines of that age. A copy of the patient's autopsy was enclosed: it ruled out the possibility of secondary neuralgia. This manuscript gives us information on the clinical and pathogenetic theories about trigeminal neuralgia and the state of diagnostic and therpeutics in the first years of the nineteenth century.

History, 19th Century↗
PubMed1998

NIMH during the tenure of Director Herbert Pardes, M.D. (1978-1984): The President's Commission on Mental Health and the reemergence of NIMH's scientific mission.

To summarize these 5-1/2 years, I would offer the following. NIMH--which, like the mental health field in general, has focused principally on services and broad social issues in the 1960s and 1970s--was modified to be a more scientific institute focused on basic biology and behavioral science, major clinical disorders, diagnosis, treatment, and epidemiology. NIMH in its entirety regained a high level of respect in the general NIH community and won increasing support from Congress and the Administration. Increasingly positive perceptions of NIMH may have had a positive effect on the recruitment issue in psychiatry; the numbers of U.S. recruits started to turn back upward. After the early assault by the OMB and the Reagan Administration on the NIMH budget, the year 1982 and 1983 led to a more supportive attitude, and so the threat to the vitality of NIMH and to its overall fiscal support relented. Programs in research training and mental health clinical training and the intramural program were sustained along with the preeminent focus on building extramural support. We recognized that support of the intramural program accounted for an unduly high proportion of overall NIMH research expenditures. In response, we set firm policies designed to build the extramural program while maintaining the strength of the intramural program without expanding it. I might note parenthetically that I had the opportunity to chair an Intramural Research Program Planning Committee convened by NIMH. Without anticipating Dr. Hyman's comments regarding this effort, I will say that we found the intramural research program to be a national resource that, with continued emphasis on scientific quality, should contribute greatly to the nation's mental health and scientific goals in the years ahead. Perhaps in the most global terms the era can be remembered as one in which NIMH shifted toward becoming a predominantly research institute with related education programs. On the one hand, we drew some limits regarding what was considered the purview of NIMH, and we focused much more on illness. On the other hand, we retained much of the richness of NIMH and its focus on the relationships between various disciplines, while catalyzing the extraordinary explosion of the capacity to understand brain and behavior and thereby bring greater promise to the effort to control psychiatric disorders. The excitement of the research and the greater enthusiasm of the government, along with NIMH's encouragement of citizen group activity, contributed to destigmatization and set the groundwork for a much stronger overall advocacy effort on behalf of NIMH, which has continued over the last 10 to 15 years. Simultaneously, attempts were made to secure more data regarding the usefulness of psychiatric treatments and their effectiveness. This too would serve us well in terms of a more favorable attitude toward improving insurance through Medicare and through other areas of mental health care reimbursement. It is an honor to have worked at NIMH. The staff members there are superb, and I want to express my thanks to them. The dedication of outstanding federal leaders is one of the powerful assets of this nation and has been central to the many accomplishments of NIMH.

Administrative Personnel↗
PubMed2001

From proteases to proteomics.

This personal and professional autobiography covers the 50-yr period of 1950-2000 and includes the following topics: History of the University of Washington School of Medicine and its Department of Biochemistry (Mount Rainier and the University of Washington, recruiting faculty, biology, research programs); scientific editing (publication, Biochemistry, Protein Science, electronic publication); Europe revisited (Heidelberg, approaching retirement, the German Research Center, reunion in Vienna); and 50 yr of research on proteolytic enzymes (trypsin, carboxypeptidases, mast cell proteases, future developments).

Biochemistry↗