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At least 847 records · Page 47Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Bilateral brachial plexus palsy after immediate breast reconstruction with TRAM flaps.

Although most postoperative upper extremity neuropathies are caused by extremes of position or intraoperative manipulation of the arm, nerve injury is possible without either of these. Pedicled TRAM flap surgery, during which no axillary retraction or hyperabduction of the arm is used, is not free of risk for neural injury. More studies are needed to specifically define risk-related maneuvers for these and other anesthetized patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Arterial injuries in electrically burned upper limbs and effects of early reconstruction of blood circulation to the wrist.

Since May 1978, a new method using the saphenous vein as autograft for reconstruction of blood circulation to the wrist has been applied in treating a series of 14 cases of electrically burned upper limbs with vascular injuries of the wrist. Necrosis was averted in 10 upper limbs treated in this way. This paper reports the pathological findings in these 14 cases operated upon at an early stage as well as clinical observations on the injured arteries, arteriograms and operative findings. A pathological study was also made on the arteries of limbs amputated following conservative treatment. A pathological concept is suggested regarding the damage caused by an electrical current passing through the upper limb. This helps to explain the mechanism of electrical injuries and provides a pathological basis for early vascular reconstruction to prevent necrosis in electrical injuries of upper limbs.

Arm Injuries↗
PubMed1999

Accidental contact burns of the upper limb in children with obstetric brachial plexus injury.

The denervated limb of the child with obstetrical brachial plexus injury is theoretically at risk of contact burns. A prospective study was designed to document the incidence and clinical presentation of these burn injuries in a series of 127 birth palsy cases. The study group included 90 Erb's and 37 total plexus palsy cases. Accidental burns occurred in 11% of total palsy cases and 1% of the Erb's palsy group. All injuries were contact burns and confined to the denervated limb. When the circumstances of the burn injury where investigated, it was concluded that injury to the denervated limb was either due to poor motor control, insensibility or a combination of both factors. Finally, treatment and prevention of these injuries are discussed.

Accidents↗
PubMed1998

[Injury profile in school sports. A sports medicine analysis in an annual report on schools].

A current injury profile was constructed on the data of the accident reports (n = 6366) in school sport coming in with the municipality accident insurance association for Schleswig-Holstein. The largest injury frequency occurred at the period from 9 o'clock until 10 o'clock. In this way, the "2nd hour" showed the highest injury risk referring to the lessons. In this case, a significant connection appeared between motivation and injury risk. The upper extremities were affected with a part of about 48% of all injuries most frequently. Within the injury kinds the distortion in 45% of the cases dominated. Cause of the injuries was the ball in 28% of the cases. The most injuries within the ball games resulted at the basketball (17%). By far most injuries of upper extremities occurred during a game phase. In about 80% the cases the injuries were on the fingers identified caused by the ball. The present results can help to analyze causes of accident and discuss measures for the prevention of sport injuries during the school sport.

Accidents↗
PubMed1996

Repair of chronic distal biceps brachii tendon rupture using free autogenous semitendinosus tendon.

Distal biceps brachii tendon ruptures occur much less frequently than do their proximal counterparts. Distal tendon ruptures usually are associated with considerable function deficits and may require surgical treatment. Repair of chronic distal biceps brachii ruptures are extremely unusual. A free autogenous semitendinosus tendon graft was used to reconstruct the distal biceps tendon by reattaching the graft to the radial tuberosity via a 2-incision technique in a patient with symptoms and a chronic injury.

Arm Injuries↗
PubMed2005

Gymnastics injuries.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this chapter is to review the distribution and determinants of injury rates as reported in the pediatric gymnastics injury literature, and to suggest measures for the prevention of injury and directions for further research. DATA SOURCES: An extensive search of Pubmed was conducted using the Text and MeSH words "gymnastics" and "injury" and limited to the pediatric population (0-18 years). The review focused on studies using denominator-based designs and on those published in the English language. Additional references were obtained from hand searches of the reference lists. Unpublished injury data from the USA Gymnastics National Women's Artistic Gymnastics Championships during 2002-04 were also analyzed. MAIN RESULTS: Comparison of study results was compromised due to the diversity of study populations, variability of injury definition across studies, and changes in rules and equipment across years. Notwithstanding, this review of the literature reveals a reasonably consistent picture of pediatric gymnastics injuries. The incidence and severity of injuries is relatively high, particularly among advanced level female gymnasts. Body parts particularly affected by injury vary by gender and include the ankle, knee, wrist, elbow, lower back, and shoulder. Ankle sprains are a particular concern. Overuse and nonspecific pain conditions, particularly the wrist and low back, occur frequently among advanced-level female gymnasts. Factors associated with an increased injury risk among female gymnasts include greater body size and body fat, periods of rapid growth, and increased life stress. CONCLUSIONS: Above all, this overview of the gymnastics injury literature underscores the need to establish large-scale injury surveillance systems designed to provide current and reliable data on injury trends in both boys and girls gymnastics, and to be used as a basis for analyzing injury risk factors and identifying dependable injury preventive measures.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Upper extremity injuries in skiing.

In a six-year study, 1,711 ski injuries and 998 controls at Sugarbush North Ski Area were studied. Upper extremity injuries, which constituted 25% of all ski injuries, did not increase in frequency. Men and women were at equal risk of injury. When edging conditions were poor, upper extremity injuries were more common than lower extremity injuries. Forty percent of all upper extremity injuries involved the thumb (85% included injuries to the ulnar collateral ligament of the metacarpophalangeal joint). Twenty-five percent of 405 skiers interviewed had, at one time, injured their thumbs while skiing but only one-quarter of these reported their injury. Our study suggests that injury to the ulnar collateral ligament of the metacarpophalangeal joint may be the most frequent in skiing and that gripping the ski pole outside the strap may prevent these injuries.

Arm Injuries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Upper extremity wringer injury.

A clinical survey of 92 upper extremity wringer injuries over the past four years at the Bexar County Hospital are presented. Our treatment regimen and results are outlined. Complex injuries occurred infrequently (7%). No vascular insufficiency developed and no fasciotomies were required. We are of the opinion that hospitalization is necessary in all but a small number of selected cases. Close observation is necessary to prevent edema progression and further tissue loss. Ninety-two upper extremity compression injuries secondary to washing machine wringers were reviewed. Seventy-six percent of the injuries occurred in persons under 10 years of age. Extremity distribution was equal. Injury occurred below the elbow in 72% of the extremities. Soft tissue injury was manifested by swelling and tenderness in 96%. Twenty-one percent had no violation of the skin. Major avulsion, such as third degree skin loss, crush injury, dislocation, and tendon avulsion, occurred in 8%. The treatment regimen consisted of surgical preparation with Betadine, compressing dressing, and elevation. Observation of the involved extremity is made every hour for development of vascular insufficiency. Fractures and other major injuries were treated as indicated. No fasciotomy was required. No vascular insufficiency developed. SKin slough was present in 16 of 92 extremities and skin graft was required in 5 of the 16. Results of treatment reveal 87% with no functional impairment of the involved extremity. Varying degrees of impairment are present in 6% of the injured extremities with all localized to the major avulsion group of injuries.

Accidents, Home↗
PubMed1999

The downside of snowboarding. Common injuries in novices and those seeking 'hospital air'.

Depending on where you live, you may never have treated a snowboarding injury. However, some of your patients (or maybe your own children) may return from a vacation in the Rockies sporting a snowboarding injury and needing immediate treatment or follow-up care. How familiar are you with the injury patterns specific to this increasingly popular sport? Read on for an introduction to the world of snowboarding and helpful guidelines on how to recognize and treat common snowboarding injuries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Treatment of injuries of major blood vessels of the extremities].

The article analyzes an experience with operative treatment of 202 patients with penetrating injuries of major vessels of the extremities. It was found that the degree of regional ischemia state of collaterals and soft tissues rather than the time after trauma are determining factors for the reestablishment or arterial blood flow. Reestablishment of the arterial blood flow was reached in 64.6% of the patients operated upon later than the so called critical period (more than 6 hours) after the injury.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Crush injuries of the upper extremity.

Massive open wounds are treated conservatively to preserve all viable tissue. Closed crush injuries may require extensive fasciolysis and debridement to treat compartment syndrome. Meticulous cleansing is the primary treatment for open injuries. Compartment syndrome occurs when intracompartmental pressure impairs capillary function and jeopardizes tissue viability. Rhabdomyolysis associated with crush injuries may lead to renal failure.

Arm Injuries↗
PubMed1983

Australian Rules football injuries.

This is a report of injuries in 771 Australian Rules footballers who presented to a district hospital during a 25 week period. Possible methods of injury prevention are discussed.

Adolescent↗