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PubMed1982

Selection and the transferrin polymorphism in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta).

Rates of survival, infant growth and fertility of rhesus monkeys with two, one and no C allele(s) at the transferrin locus are compared. Infants with no C allele experience slower growth rates than animals with either one or two C allele(s). While heterozygous females exhibit the highest infant growth rates among females, their fertility is lower and incidence of abortions and stillbirths is higher than for females with two or no C alleles. It is hypothesized that opposing directions of selection at different life-cycle stages maintain a stable equilibrium at the transferrin locus.

Abortion, Veterinary↗
PubMed1993

Virus-induced immunosuppression. 1. Age at infection relates to a selective or generalized defect.

Viruses that persist must develop strategies to escape immunologic surveillance in order to survive. Investigation of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV)-induced persistence has indicated that this virus avoids immune clearance mainly by aborting the viral specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response, a response that is necessary for terminating viral infection. This study demonstrates that persistence established in immunologically immature newborns selectively depletes the LCMV-specific CTL response but does not hinder CTL responses to the RNA and DNA viruses influenza, vaccinia, or herpes simplex. In contrast, persistence established in immunologically mature adults leads not to selective but rather to generalized immunosuppression during which CTL responses to LCMV, influenza, vaccinia, and herpes simplex viruses are all ablated or down-regulated. These results indicate that the state of maturity of the immune system at the time of virus-induced immunosuppression can result in two distinct phenotypes. These observations may account for the differing patterns of infection caused by hepatitis B virus or human immunodeficiency virus initiated in the neonatal period compared to that initiated in adulthood.

Aging↗
PubMed1986

[Value of microsurgical operations of tubal-induced sterility--selection for extracorporeal fertilization].

Reconstructive tubal surgery was performed in 261 patients with primary or secondary infertility from January 1982 until October 1985. During this period 42 women were operated upon because of ectopic pregnancies. Until May 1984 microsurgery of the Fallopian tube was performed in 110 women. A follow-up of 18 months is reported. The pregnancy rate arrived at 32% (n = 35), ectopic pregnancies occurred in 4% (n = 4), the abortion rate was 3% (n = 3). The reconsideration of microsurgery in reconstructive tubal surgery yields clues for patient selection with regard to in-vitro fertilisation.

Fallopian Tube Diseases↗
PubMed1994

Serological and microbiological findings on 3 farms with equine leptospiral abortions.

Blood and urine samples from horses on 3 central Kentucky horse farms with prior histories of leptospiral abortions were analysed. Blood samples were obtained from all available horses on each farm and tested for antibodies to 6 leptospira serovars. Urine samples were collected from non-gravid mares with serum antibody titres > or = 1:800 and examined for leptospires by dark-field microscopy, fluorescent antibody testing and culture. Adult horses had the greatest serological evidence of exposure to leptospira, followed by yearlings, then foals. Of horses with anti-leptospiral antibodies, 76.3% reacted against serovar bratislava, 49.1% against icterohaemorrhagiae, 20.1% against grippotyphosa, 16.3% against pomona genotype kennewicki, 15.9% against hardjo and 1.0% against canicola. These findings confirmed that horses in central Kentucky are exposed to multiple leptospira serovars. The seroprevalence of antibodies to the 6 selected serovars was consistent among the 3 selected farms. There was no direct correlation between the serovar that was the cause of abortion in the previous season and prevalence of positive titres to that serovar in horses tested on the farms in the following year. Furthermore, there was no evidence of long-term urinary shedding of leptospira by horses with high leptospira antibody titres.

Abortion, Veterinary↗