Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “ADRENAL CORTEX”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 847 records · Page 47Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Comparison of the effects of neurotensin and vasopressin on the adrenal cortex of dexamethasone-suppressed rats.

Neurotensin (NT) and vasopressin (AVP) share some similarities as far as their actions on the adrenal weight and secretion are concerned. The present study aimed to compare the in vivo chronic effect of these two peptides on the adrenal cortex of dexamethasone (Dx)-treated rats. NT or AVP were ip. infused at a rate of 2 micrograms/rat/d for 7 d. In the animals concomitantly treated with 15 micrograms Dx/100 g/d for 7 d, both NT and AVP partially prevented adrenal atrophy. AVP enhanced plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC), but not that of corticosterone (PBC). On the other hand, NT did not affect either PAC or PBC. In rats treated with 35 micrograms Dx/100 g/d for 14 d, neither NT nor AVP administered for the last 7 d exerted any effect on the adrenal weight. However, also under these conditions of profound adrenal atrophy AVP was still able to notably raise PAC, while NT was ineffective. Our findings indicate that the mechanism underlying the aldosterone secretagogue action of AVP does not require, unlike that of NT, the presence of ACTH. Moreover, in light of many recent literature data they could suggest the possibility that in vivo NT acts on the rat adrenal cortex via AVP.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1975

The proliferative activity of the adrenal cortex as influenced by carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic substances.

A single oral toxic dose of carcinogens (N-nitrosomorpholine, aflatoxin B1, N--methyl-N-nitrosourea, urethan) causes a significant increase of the mitotic rate in the adrenal cortex 48 hours after application. Both, the control animals (water via stomach tube) and the animals treated with acetylsalicylic acid, arsenic, phenol and actinomycin D do not produce this effect. These findings confirm our previous results obtained by administration of acetylaminofluorene, diethylnitrosamine, dimethylnitrosamine and trinitroso-trimethylen-triamine. It is possible that the increased mitotic activity of the adrenal cortex is correlated with the substances applied.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Reactivity of the adrenal cortex and the renin-angiotensin system in young rats with spontaneous hypertension].

Corticosteroid biosynthesis from 14C-progesterone by the adrenal glands in vitro, 14C-aldosterone metabolism by the liver, plasma aldosterone content, and also angiotensin I concentration and blood plasma renin activity were studied in Okamoto rats with spontaneous hypertension and in Wistar rats with normal blood pressure, 4--5 weeks of age. Acute immobilization stress induced in rats with normal blood pressure caused activation of the adrenal cortex glucocorticoid function without increase of aldosterone biosynthesis or of its blood content, whereas in rats with hypertension the same stress led to adrenal cortex mineralocorticoid function activation and to the sharp blood plasma aldosterone elevation. In rats with normal blood pressure there is a reduction of renin activity and an increase in the angiotensin I content during stress, whereas in rats with hypertension the activity of the renin-angiotensin system remains unchanged. An increase in the mineralocorticoid concentration in rats with spontaneous hypertension can play an important role under these conditions in the elevation of arterial pressure.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1976

Histochemical and ultrastructural studies of the adrenal cortex in spontaneously hypertensive rats with high salt solution.

The response of the adrenal cortex in weanling Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHR, Okamoto and Aoki) and Wistar-Kyoto Rats (WKR) when given 1% NaCl in drinking water was studied histochemically and electron microscopically. The development of hypertension was accelerated in SHR given 1% NaCl in drinking water. The thickness of the zona glomerulosa in WKR receiving 1% NaCl in drinking water remarkably diminished following the course of experiment and lipid droplets in the zona glomerulosa decreased gradually. The zona glomerulosa cells revealed shrinkage of the cells and a decreased number of mitochondrial cristae were observed at three weeks of experiment. The remaining tubular cristae of mitochondria possessed a milled outline. Golgi apparatus became small and fragmental. Membrane-bounded dense bodies were prominent in the peripheral portion of the cell and around Golgi apparatus. In SHR given 1% NaCl in drinking water, the width of the zona glomerulosa less diminished. A marked decrease in number and size of lipid droplets was seen. However, there was no distinct alteration of cytoplasmic organelles. These morphological changes were discussed from the standpoint of functional state in the zona glomerulosa with relation to the development of hypertension in SHR.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1998

[Structural features of the rat adrenal cortex with inherited stress-induced arterial hypertension in the early period of postnatal ontogenesis].

Comparative morphometric examination of adrenal cortex was carried out in 3 wks HNCAI rats with inherited stress induced arterial hypertension and normotensive Wistar rats. Relative adrenal mass, volume of cortex and its glomerular zone in HNCAI rats exceeds appropriate values in Wistar rats. Increase of adrenocorticocytes due to hyperplasia of their ultrastructural components was found. In hypertensive rats adrenocorticocyte numerical density increase due to their hyperplasia was found in adrenal fasciculate zone in contrast to glomerular one. These structural organization peculiarities in 3 wks hypertensive rat adrenal cortex reflect their elevated functional activity and may determine genetically programmed increased organism responsiveness to stress that consequently provides the grounds for the hypertensive status formation in this rat line.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1991

Bifunctional atrial natriuretic peptide receptor (type A) exists as a disulfide-linked tetramer in plasma membranes of bovine adrenal cortex.

Type A atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) receptor was demonstrated to be present as a tetramer in the bovine adrenal cortex. Type A ANP receptor is composed of two functional domains, namely extracellular ANP-binding and cytoplasmic guanylate cyclase domains, and generally considered to be present as a single polypeptide chain of about 140 kDa based on its primary structure deduced from the cDNA sequence and its SDS/PAGE profile under reducing conditions. Characterization of the type A receptor or receptor/cyclase under non-reducing conditions led to the discovery stated in the title. The type A ANP receptor was partially purified from bovine adrenal cortex membranes by Blue-Sepharose and GTP-agarose chromatography. SDS-PAGE analysis of the receptor preparation revealed that although under reducing conditions it migrated as a 140-kDa band, the mobility of the receptor was greatly retarded in the absence of reducing agents, suggesting that the type A ANP receptor is present as a disulfide-linked oligomer in its native state. Further analysis using SDS-polyacrylamide-agarose gels suitable for determining the sizes of high-molecular-weight proteins revealed that the oligomer has an Mr of 500,000-550,000. This result clearly indicates that the native form of the type A receptor is a tetramer composed of four 140-kDa disulfide-linked receptor/cyclase molecules.

Adrenal Cortex↗