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[Serological diagnosis of syphilis in Cuban HIV/AIDS patients].

The non-treponemic fast detection test of plasmatic reagines (RPR) and the treponemic hemagglutination test of Treponema pallidum were used in the detection of infection due to T. pallidum in 60 males presenting HIV/AIDS infection with clinicoepidemiological diagnosis of syphilis. It was confirmed that 30% presented recently acquired symptomatic or latent syphilis and that 10% had markers of past treated infection or of late acquired latent syphilis, whereas in the other 60% no serological reactivity was detected. A seroprevalence study of reaginic antibodies was conducted by RPR in 59 HIV/AIDS females, using 67 women negative to this virus as controls. All of them had no symptoms compatible with the syphilitic infection. It was concluded that 20.3% and 11.9%, respectively, presented reactivity, which established a probable diagnosis of syphilis or a seroresistance to a previouos syphilis. These results showed a close association between syphilis and HIV/AIDS and that both diseases may coexist in a same patient.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1966

Fluorescent treponemal antibody tests. A summary and comparison.

A comparison of current serologic tests for syphilis shows that treponemal tests are preferable to reagin tests in detecting specific antibodies, but that reagin tests are best for determining the response to treatment. The newly developed fta-absorption technique is suggested as a reliable, inexpensive test for treponemal antibodies.

Fluorescent Antibody Technique↗
PubMed1980

Treponemal disease.

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Fluorescent Antibody Technique↗
PubMed1997

Comparison of clinical diagnosis and standard laboratory and molecular methods for the diagnosis of genital ulcer disease in Lesotho: association with human immunodeficiency virus infection.

A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (M-PCR) assay for Haemophilus ducreyi, Treponema pallidum, and herpes simplex virus (HSV) was compared with clinical and standard laboratory methods for the diagnosis of genital ulcer disease (GUD) in 105 patients; 36% were human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive. Chancroid (80%), syphilis (8%), and genital herpes (8%) were the most frequent diagnoses. H. ducreyi and HSV were isolated from ulcers of 43% and 18% of patients, respectively; in 35%, all cultures were negative and the laboratory diagnosis indeterminate. M-PCR detected H. ducreyi, T. pallidum, and HSV in 56%, 23%, and 26% of patients, respectively; (no definitive diagnosis, 6%). The proportion of patients with more than one agent was 4% by culture and 17% by M-PCR (P = .002). Resolved sensitivities of M-PCR for H. ducreyi and HSV cultures were 95% and 93%, respectively. The sensitivities of H. ducreyi and HSV cultures were 75% and 60%, respectively. HSV, detected in 47% of specimens from HIV-infected versus 16% from HIV-uninfected patients (P < .001), may be emerging as a more frequent cause of GUD.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

[Syphilis--diagnosis, treatment and characteristics in HIV-infected patients].

Venereal syphilis is a chronic cyclic infectious disease that, if untreated, runs a decades-long course. The responsible pathogen is Treponema pallidum. Clinically, a differentiation is made into early (primary) syphilis (up to 1 year following infection, syphilis I), during which disease manifestations are localized, secondary syphilis (syphilis II) with generalized manifestations, and late, or tertiary syphilis (syphilis III). Clinical manifestations that have been observed in HIV patients are syphilis maligna and neurosyphilis. Treatment of choice continues to be penicillin. Instead of only a single injection of penicillin, HIV infected patients with early syphilis should be given three injections, with an interval of 1 week between them, to prevent the development of neurosyphilis.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗