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At least 829 records · Page 46Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Epidemiologic and laboratory observations of Chlamydia psittaci infection in pet birds.

Psittacosis was diagnosed in 13 (24%) of 55 pet bird submissions in the first 3 months of 1983, compared with 18 (17%) of 103 in 1982, 4 (4.6%) of 87 in 1981, and 3 (8%) of 36 in 1980. The numbers and types of birds in which psittacosis was diagnosed were 2 of 47 budgerigars, 8 of 45 cockatiels , 3 of 11 small parrots ( lovebirds , conures ), 20 of 116 medium-sized parrots (African Grays, Amazons ), 2 of 21 macaws , and 3 of 21 cockatoos . Thirty-nine percent of psittacosis-positive birds were received from pet bird owners, compared with 21% from pet shops, 18% from pet bird breeders and fanciers, and 13% from pet bird jobbers and retailers . Most frequently observed clinical signs were anorexia, weight loss, and diarrhea or yellowish droppings. Major gross lesions were splenohepatomegaly (77%), followed by enteritis (53%), sinusitis (47%), airsacculitis (37%), pneumonitis (23%), and pericarditis (10%). Regarding the 38 cases of confirmed psittacosis in pet birds since 1980, transmission of the disease to human beings was confirmed in 2 cases and suspected in 4 cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Fatal aspergillosis in imported parrots.

Spontaneous fatal aspergillosis occurred in several species of parrots imported from Latin America, Australia, Malaya and Ghana for studies on the control of psittacosis. Over a period of 4 years, 655 parrots were imported for use in these studies. All birds that died during these investigations were necropsied, and the internal organs of 45 were found to have macroscopic lesions suggestive of aspergillosis. Of these 45 suspected cases, 32 were confirmed as aspergillosis by both histopathology and culture, and three others by histopathology alone. There was no evidence that the remaining 10 had this disease. Of the 32 culturally confirmed cases, 13 were found to be caused by Aspergillus fumigatus, 16 by A. oryzae, and three by both fungi. In this series, three sets of circumstances appear to have been associated with the development of fatal aspergillosis. Their capture and transport to the United States, the administration of chlortetracycline used in the control of psittacosis, and the administration of cortisone acetate in an attempt to activate existent latent psittacosis infections. The possible causal relationship of these factors are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

The atypical pneumonias: a diagnostic and therapeutic approach.

Mycoplasmal pneumonia, tularemic pneumonia, Q fever pneumonia, psittacosis, and Legionnaires' disease are the most frequently encountered treatable atypical pneumonias. Mycoplasmal pneumonia, the most common, is often accompanied by nonexudative pharyngitis, conjunctivitis, or otitis. The nonproductive cough is characteristic. Tularemic pneumonia is characterized by substernal chest pain, bloody pleural effusion, and bilateral hilar adenopathy. Although the clinical presentation is mild, roentgenographic findings are impressive. Q fever pneumonia resembles psittacosis but is less serious; it may be accompanied by subacute bacterial endocarditis, hepatitis, or both. Psittacosis is characterized by prominent headache, bloody sputum, and relative bradycardia. Tetracycline is the drug of choice for either. In Legionnaires' disease, pneumonia is accompanied by prominent extrapulmonary symptoms. The most important diagnostic clues include diarrhea and mental confusion. Relative bradycardia and laboratory abnormalities are also helpful. Erythromycin is the drug of choice unless doubt exists as to the diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Infection by Chlamydophilia avium in an elderly couple working in a pet shop.

Psittacosis infection is usually reported in adults aged around 30 to 60 years. We report here two cases of psittacosis in an elderly couple (76 and 77 years old) who jointly ran a pet shop. Psittacosis was diagnosed from a history of exposure to birds and from serological testing for Chlamydophilia avium.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Hepatitis in a family infected by Chlamydia psittaci.

Hepatic involvement is considered a rare complication of psittacosis. Occurrence of icteric hepatitis as the cardinal manifestation of the disease has been rarely reported. We describe two members of a family infected by psittacosis, in whom icteric hepatitis was the prominent expression of the disease. The diagnosis of psittacosis was confirmed by isolation of the pathogen and by detection of serum antibodies to Chlamydia species. No serological evidence for acute TWAR infection was found. Chlamydia psittaci was also isolated from the family's parrot.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1956

Some viral and rickettsial infections in Bosnia and Herzegovina; a sero-epidemiological study.

Investigating viral and rickettsial infections in Bosnia and Herzegovina, the authors submitted 115 sera of healthy persons to complement-fixation tests with typhus, Q fever, mumps, rickettsialpox, and psittacosis antigens. The results obtained indicate that the Moslem population tends to show more typhus-positive titres, and at an earlier age, than the non-Moslem. While Moslems under 20 years old tend to develop typhus in epidemic form, an approximately equal number of epidemic and apparently sporadic cases occurs among non-Moslems. On the other hand, Q fever is more frequent, and occurs earlier, in the non-Moslems. An epidemiological explanation of these phenomena is advanced.From the findings on mumps, it is thought possible that this disease tends to be primarily one of children in Moslems but not in non-Moslems. The rickettsialpox titres suggest the presence of an agent or agents antigenically related to Ricksettsia akari, and the psittacosis titres are thought to be caused by contact with organisms of the psittacosis and lymphogranuloma venereum group.

Bosnia and Herzegovina↗
PubMed1993

Chlamydia psittaci. An uncommon cause of community-acquired pneumonia.

Chlamydia psittaci is an uncommon cause of community-acquired pneumonia. Fewer than 200 cases of psittacosis are reported annually to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; however, many cases are believed to be unreported. Unrecognized cases not properly treated may result in significant morbidity and possibly have a fatal outcome. We describe a 42-year-old man with multilobar pneumonia and respiratory compromise secondary to infection with C psittaci. The patient also exhibited hepatic involvement and mild anemia as a result of systemic infection. Appropriate antibiotic therapy and respiratory support resulted in a good clinical outcome. The diagnosis of psittacosis requires serologic verification. All confirmed cases should be reported to local and state health departments and may require further investigation by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

"Contribution to the Question of Pneumotyphus": a discussion of the original article by J. Ritter in 1880.

In 1880, Dr. J. Ritter wrote a classic infectious disease article (originally in German) on psittacosis entitled, "Contribution to the Question of Pneumotyphus." In this article, Ritter meticulously describes a mini-epidemic--in which three individuals died--of seven cases of psittacosis caused by parrots and finches caged in the study of his brother's house in Uster, Switzerland. Ritter accurately identified the study as the site of the source of infection, considered the birds as vectors, and determined both the incubation period and the nontransmissability of the disease from human to human. His main differential diagnosis was a choice between typhoid and typhus; with pneumonitis being the main pathologic finding, he coined the term pneumotyphus. Ritter's article elegantly describes the clinical presentation, epidemiology, pathologic findings, and natural history of infection due to Chlamydia psittaci. Ritter's astute observations and their significance are discussed in this paper.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Two cases of Chlamydia psittaci infection occurring in employees of the same pet shop].

We report here 2 cases of psittacosis in a pet shop. In the first case, a 44-year-old male was admitted with fever, and a chest radiograph showed an infiltration shadow in the right lower lung. One day later, a colleague of the first patient, a 42-year-old man, developed fever and was admitted. In this patient, chest radiography revealed an infiltration shadow in the left lower lung. Both patients had mild liver dysfunction. The serum titer of a complement fixation (CF) test against Chlamydia psittaci was elevated fourfold in the first case and sixteen-fold in the second on the analysis of paired acute- and convalescent-phase serum specimens. Clinical symptoms and abnormal laboratory data were attenuated by the administration of minocycline for 2 weeks. Since both patients worked in same pet shop and since some parakeets at the shop had died, we speculated that the psittacosis had originated from these birds.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[A herpesvirus-caused enzootic--Pacheco's parrot disease--in a psittacine collection].

After the official confirmation of psittacosis in a collection of psittacine birds a total of 40 of them died during treatment with tetracycline. 36 of them underwent post mortem examination. From 33 birds the causative herpesvirus of Pacheco's parrot disease (PPD) was isolated and/or a non-purulent hepatitis diagnosed, the latter a characteristic for PPD. The cause of the outbreak was assumed to be a latent herpesvirus infection of individual birds which was activated by various stress factors during the psittacosis treatment. The macroscopic and histologic lesions, the results of virological investigations and the in vitro effect of acyclovir on the multiplication of the isolated herpes virus are described.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cross-reactivity between Chlamydia psittaci and Acinetobacter in indirect immunofluorescence assays].

Cross reactivity between Chlamydia psittaci and a strain from genus Acinetobacter was investigated by indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) technique. Two groups of serum samples were tested: 64 belonged to patients diagnosed as psittacosis and 64 (control group) were non reactive to Chlamydia psittaci by IFA. Samples were incubated on smears prepared with an Acinetobacter suspension for detecting IgG and IgM. 100% reactivity to IgG was found in 1:16 serum dilution among anti-psittacosis sera, whereas 6.25% of control sera reacted at the same dilution. When testing IgM, high rates of reactivity were found in both serum groups, thus it has been discarded as a marker for cross reactivity. Fluorescence pattern suggests that antigens are located at the cell wall.

Acinetobacter↗