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At least 829 records · Page 46Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

[The expression of TGF-beta 1 mRNA in pubescent rhesus monkeys' condyle under Class III intermaxillary functional orthopedic force].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of TGF-beta 1 mRNA in pubescent Rhesus monkeys' condylar under Class III intermaxillary functional orthopedic force for different lengths of time. METHODS: Six pubescent Rhesus monkey were divided into two test groups and a control group. Monkeys in the test groups were TMAIII while the control groups did not. Histological method (HE staining) and in situ hybridization were employed in this study. RESULTS: 1. The histological results showed that, compared with the control group, the anterior part of the condyle became thicker while the median part and the posterior part became thinner in 3 months group. However, in 6 months group, the change was similar to 3 months group. 2. The results of in situ hybridization showed that, in control group, TGF-beta 1 mRNA mildly expressed in the anterior part of the condyle while extensively in the median and posterior parts. In 3 months group, TGF-beta 1 mRNA expressed in all parts of condyle; the most intensive expression was in the anterior part. Compared with 3 months group, the expression of TGF-beta 1 mRNA decreased in 6 months group, but the expression in anterior part was stronger than in median and posterior parts. CONCLUSION: Under Class III Orthopedic therapy, TGF-beta 1 mRNA probably participated in the endochrondral bone remodeling in the condyle, and the expression was closely related to loading time. In 3 months group, the expression of TGF-beta 1 mRNA was stronger than that in 6 months group. It was inferred that the remodeling of endochrondral bone was more active in 3 months group.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Technical orthopedic compensation of leg length inequality].

The objectives and limitations in the prescription and construction of leg length adjustments are reviewed. The functional and structural significance of differences in leg length for patients and for healthy persons in different age groups and in different growth phases is considered. A few unconventional ideas, and some information and personal and environmental characteristics are described, leading to a discussion of care criteria that go further than the more usual care systems. It is stressed that interdisciplinary care makes it absolutely essential to note what system of measurement is being used when the treatment is prescribed. Attention is drawn to the possibility of using electrophysiological measurements--whether in the doctor's or physiotherapist's practice or in the orthopedic workshop--for monitoring. Unchanged biomechanical and orthopedic positions are shown in sketches.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed2003

[Vertical control and orthopedic therapy].

Control of the vertical development of the face is a key element in assuring the success of orthopedic treatment, as much for its effects on anterior vertical dimension as for its influence on correction of the sagittal discrepancy between the jaws. An effective management of this control demands respect for the equilibrium between posterior and anterior face, as described by Schudy. The authors review the details of the application of orthopedic therapy on the different elements of this equilibrium and then, present the modalities of vertical control appropriate to each appliance.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed2003

[Contribution of a functional orthopedic splint to the treatment of Class II malocclusions].

The numerous therapeutic, psychological and functional benefits that derive from using a two-stage approach to the treatment of Class II malocclusions can sometimes be partially offset by difficulties stemming from the choice of technique: patients may be reluctant to wear cumbersome appliances which, when they are worn, can interfere with speech production, the quality of therapeutic improvement may be reduced by undesirable dento-alveolar responses to orthopedic forces, treatment results may turn out to be unstable at the final finishing stage and continuation of treatment at the time of the appearance of the young adult dentition may be jeopardized. The author has designed a new appliance, a functional orthopedic splint whose slim design largely eliminates these problems. Suitable for use in a variety of techniques, this easily worn device greatly reduces unwanted dento-alveolar responses as it stimulates desirable functional improvement and gives orthodontists much improved control of their treatment of Class II malocclusions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

[Assessment of orthopedic and sonographic hip examinations in the first days after birth based on research conducted in neonatal units and outpatient clinics].

The authors evaluated conformity between clinical and sonographical examinations in diagnosis of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). The research was conducted on two groups of children: 750 newborn in neonatologic ward and 897 babies examined in outpatient clinic. The clinical signs of DDH was confirmed in 181 hips (12%) in the first group. The abnormality was sonographically detected only in 6 hips (0.4%). In the second group the orthopedic examination showed the signs of DDH in 101 hips (5.6%) and sonographic signs of DDH appeared in 54 hips (3%). It seems that clinical examinations of hip joints in newborn in the first days of life provides to many falsely positive diagnosis of DDH. Probably proper care spontaneously leads to normalization of the morphology of newborns' hip joint and eliminates the necessity of the treatment with the usage of abduction devices. Screening examination of newborn performed by neonatologist and the verification of such examinations conducted by the orthopedic surgeons in outpatient clinic seems to be the mean efficient enough in the prophylaxis of DDH.

Ambulatory Care Facilities↗
PubMed2004

[Effect of orthopedic premaxillary retrution on craniofacial development in animal model].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the whole process of cranio-maxillofacial development of an animal model with bilateral premaxillary clefts, after being exerted with premaxillary retro-pressing forces. METHODS: Experimental rabbits with premaxillary clefts and without clefts were exerted with retro-pressing forces respectively. Roentgenographic cephalometric analysis and different investigations of premaxillary suture were performed during the whole craniofacial development. RESULTS: The longitudinal cephalometric analysis showed that a temporary retarding effect of mid-facial growth existed. The hindrance of maxillary growth potentiality did not occur in spite of being exerted retro-pressing force as to this experimental extent. CONCLUSIONS: (1) Infant rabbit combined with the designed retro-pressing appliance is an ideal experimental model for quantitative study of active orthopedic treatment of protruding premaxilla. (2) Using active preoperative orthopedics to reposit the protruding premaxilla of bilateral cleft palate is a reasonable and effective approach.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Orthopedic prostheses: is there any point in patch testing?

The aging of our population and the availability of new medical technologies have contributed to tremendous growth in the number of patients with implanted orthopedic and other devices. As experts on contact dermatitis, we are periodically asked to evaluate patients who have a history of metal allergy prior to surgery. We are sometimes faced with patients who have experienced complications after implant surgery or (more rarely) who have developed skin disease temporally related to surgery. To address these controversial issues, we asked three experts to discuss the role of patch testing in regard to patients with orthopedic implants. Mark D.P. Davis, MD, is an Associate Professor in the Department of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Christen M. Mowad, MD, is Assistant Professor of Dermatology, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, PA; and Pamela Scheinman, MD, is Director of the Contact Dermatitis and Occupational Dermatology Unit and Assistant Professor of Dermatology, Tufts-New England Medical Center, Boston, MA.

Allergens↗
PubMed1992

Airport detection of modern orthopedic implant metals.

The sensitivity of airport metal detectors to a variety of orthopedic implants shows that total hip and total knee replacements, intramedullary nails, hip compression screws, and bone plates can escape detection. The metallurgic composition of the undetected implants were titanium, titanium-aluminum-vanadium alloy, cobalt-chrome-molybdenum alloy, and some stainless steel. The implants were tested individually, in combination, and as a whole in each of three different metal detectors. Only one of the screened implants activated a metal detector: an old Austin Moore straight fenestrated endoprosthesis that individually activated one of the three metal detectors. All of the other screened implants were not detected by any of the three tested metal detectors. Furthermore, the Moore endoprosthesis failed to activate two of the three tested metal detectors. Metal objects are identified by metal detectors based on their ferrous content. Contemporary orthopedic implants use little, if any, ferrous metal and therefore escape detection by airport metal detectors.

Aviation↗
PubMed2005

[Surgical management of orthopedic problems in adult patients with cerebral palsy].

OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the results of surgical treatment for orthopedic problems in adult patients with cerebral palsy. METHODS: Nine adult patients with cerebral palsy (4 females, 5 males; mean age 22 years; range 19 to 29 years) were managed surgically to lessen pain, correct deformities and contractures, and enhance their mobilization potential. Seven patients underwent bilateral multiple-level tendinous and/or musculotendinous release procedures involving the lower extremities, of whom two patients underwent additional triple arthrodesis, and one patient underwent extension osteotomy in the knee. One patient was treated with proximal femoral and distal tibial derotation osteotomies and bilateral hamstring release for knee flexion contractures. Finally, one patient was treated with posterior fusion with instrumentation for thoracolumbar scoliosis. Before surgery, four patients were community ambulators, and one patient could walk only with the aid of bilateral crutches. Four patients with total body involvement could not walk, but they could sit without support except for one patient with scoliosis. The mean follow-up was 25 months (range 8 to 49 months). RESULTS: On final evaluations, eight patients could walk without support, and one patient who could not sit preoperatively managed to sit without support. Three patients developed bilateral, five patients developed unilateral superficial skin wounds at the back of the heels associated with cast/brace use, and deep wound infection was encountered in the patient with scoliosis. All the wounds healed with early debridements and antibiotic therapy, together with the modifications made in cast/brace applications, without the need for implant removal. CONCLUSION: Surgical treatment of orthopedic problems in adult patients with cerebral palsy is of substantial importance in enhancing their sitting and walking capacities, and in restoring their community-based relations and activities.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Bilateral total knee arthroplasty--staged or simultaneous? Ontario's orthopedic surgeons reply.

BACKGROUND: Total knee replacement is now the most common joint replacement procedure performed in Ontario, and many patients require bilateral replacement. However, whether bilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA) should be staged or simultaneous is hotly debated. To determine the current common operative practices of orthopedic surgeons in Ontario, we carried out a province-wide survey. METHODS: Orthopedic surgeons from Ontario listed in the 1999 Canadian Medical Directory or the membership list of the Canadian Orthopaedic Association were sent questionnaires, asking about their practice in the timing of bilateral TKA, tourniquet use, type of guide and use of techniques to minimize fat embolization. RESULTS: Of the 416 surveys mailed, 219 (53%) surgeons responded. The majority responded that they perform staged bilateral TKA (28% 3-mo interval and 37% 6-mo interval). Simultaneous TKA with 2 teams was the least performed procedure (2%). When performing bilateral TKA, 95% of surgeons use an intramedullary femoral alignment guide, 78% utilize an over-reamed entry hole and 53% suction the canal before inserting the guide rod. With respect to the tibia, 32% use an intramedullary guide, 60% over-ream the entry hole and 60% suction the entry hole; 22% of surgeons stated that they had never considered over-reaming or suctioning the canal to minimize fat embolization. CONCLUSIONS: There is no consensus regarding the timing of bilateral TKA in Ontario. Furthermore, many surgeons are not overdrilling or suctioning the femoral canal despite evidence in the literature that overdrilling may be beneficial in decreasing fat embolization. Further research is required to compare the risk of complications of bilateral TKA after staged versus simultaneous TKA.

Arthritis↗
PubMed2005

Effective maxillary orthopedic protraction for growing Class III patients: a clinical application simulates distraction osteogenesis.

The effective maxillary orthopedic protraction is an innovative technique for maxillary protraction in Class III growing patients. It includes three components: a new 2-hinged rapid maxillary expander for a greater amount of anterior displacement of maxilla, repetitive weekly protocol of Alternate Rapid Maxillary Expansion and Constriction (Alt-RAMEC) for disarticulating the maxilla, and intraoral maxillary protraction springs for non-compliant protraction. On average, the maxilla could be protracted for 5.8 mm in 3 months and the result remains stable at least 2 years later. The rationale for this technique is sutural expansion/ protraction osteogenesis. Sutural expansion/ protraction osteogenesis is a form of distraction osteogenesis. However, it still needs to be scrutinized experimentally for the sutural reactions corresponding to the effective maxillary orthopedic protraction.

Humans↗
PubMed2005

[The effect of Class III intermaxillary orthopedic force loading on the maxilla of puberty rhesus: a histomorphologic study].

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to quantitatively study the remodling changes of circummaxillary sutures of puberty rhesus loaded with Class III intermaxillary orthopedic force. METHODS: The animal model was established with 6 puberty female rhesus, which were randomly divided into experimental group (wore Class III Twin-block magnet appliance, each 2 rhesus for 3 and 6 months respectively) and control group(did not wear any appliance, each 1 rhesus for 3 and 6 months respectively ). The specimens were stained by hematoxylin and eosin, and image analysis system (IAS) was used in the quantatitive study of sutures width and cell density. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed, and LSD analysis was used when interclass significance was found. RESULTS: Compared to the control group, different changes were shown in different sutures.New bone formation was observed in all experimental animal. There was no significance difference between palatomaxillary suture and pterygomaxillary suture in cellular density (P>0.05). Zygomaticotemporal suture showed no difference between 3-month experimental group and control group;however, 6-month experimental group was significantly higher than 3-month experimental group (P<0.01).For frontomaxillary suture, 3-month experimental group was significantly higher than the control group, and 6-month experimental group was significantly higher than later one (P<0.01).Zygomaticomaxillary suture in the experimental group was significantly higher than the control group (P<0.01);meanwhile, 3-month experimental group was significantly higher than 6-month experimental group (P<0.05). Furthermore, the width of sutures were different in these groups. Palatomaxillary suture became significant narrower in 3-month experimental group (P<0.01),but zygomaticotemporal suture became significant wider (P<0.01). The width of sutures restored at 6th month (P>0.05). The width of pterygomaxillary suture was not different between 3-month experimental group and the control group (P>0.05),but it became significant wider in 6-month experimental group (P<0.05). Frontomaxillary sutures of the experimental group were significantly narrower than the control group, and 6-month experimental group was significantly narrower than 3-month experimental group (P<0.01). For zygomaticomaxillary suture, the experimental groups were significantly wider than the control group;meanwhile, there was no difference between the experimental groups. CONCLUSION: Proper Class III orthopedic force can promote the physiological remodling of maxillary sutures.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

[Implementation of the radiolabelled antibiotic in the detection of orthopedic infections].

The aim of the study is detection and evaluation of the orthopedic infections using 99mTc-ciprofloxacin, radiopharmaceutical supposed to distinguish inflammation from infection. There were 15 true positive findings, 9 true negative, and two were false positive, while 1 was false negative. Sensitivity was 94%, specificity 82%, positive predictive value 88%, negative predictive value 90% and accuracy 89%. According to our results, scintigraphy with 99mTc-ciprofloxacin is a useful method for detection and assessment of exact localization of orthopedic infections, which might be useful for (differential) diagnosis, surgical treatment in due time as well as monitoring of the treatment of conservative therapy.

Arthritis, Infectious↗
PubMed1991

Orthopedic splint diagnostic system and fabrication.

This chapter presents a method of measuring casts in a scientifically duplicatable manner, using the orthopedic relator to diagnose the plane of occlusion. This allows the practitioner to determine if occlusal equilibration is a viable treatment modality for a particular patient. For patients who do not meet the criteria for occlusal equilibration, a detailed technique for correcting the occlusal plane discrepancies through use of the orthopedic splint is presented.

Dental Articulators↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The sensitivity and specificity of seven lumbo-pelvic orthopedic tests and the arm-fossa test.

Twenty-nine lumbosacral asymptomatic and 39 symptomatic patients who attended a chiropractic clinic were examined by a practitioner who was blinded to their symptoms. Seven lumbosacral orthopedic tests, along with the arm-fossa test were scrutinized for sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic competency values. Only the arm-fossa test and heel-buttock tests had a significantly higher percentage of positive findings in symptomatic than asymptomatic cases. These same tests were the only ones which could be considered to have an acceptable diagnostic value, when both the sensitivity and specificity were taken into consideration by Youden's index. The number of positive tests was unrelated to the presence of lumbosacral symptoms. Orthopedic tests which appeared to strain several adjacent anatomical structures were most commonly positive. No particular combination of tests could predict if the patient was symptomatic or asymptomatic. Only the heel-buttock test had some predictive value. It appears that these tests were of limited value in differentiating between the symptomatic and asymptomatic subjects who attended the study clinic.

Chiropractic↗
PubMed1990

Emergency department nursing management of patients with orthopedic fractures resulting from motor vehicle accidents.

Nursing management of patients with orthopedic fractures resulting from motor vehicle accidents is a frequent challenge for nurses in an emergency department setting. The nurse must have knowledge of the mechanics of injury, the classification of the resulting fracture types, and the usual medical interventions. In addition, emergency department nurses should follow plans of care that are based on nursing diagnoses so that appropriate nursing interventions can be determined and consistently provided. Initiation of these care plans must not be delayed until the patient is admitted to an inpatient nursing unit, but should be begun in the emergency unit setting. This article presents information that the emergency room nurse needs in order to make plans for nursing care, and discusses seven nursing diagnoses that are almost always appropriate for patients seen in the emergency department who are experiencing orthopedic fractures resulting from motor vehicle accidents.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1990

[Anesthesia in neuromuscular diseases. Experience in orthopedic and spinal surgery].

Anesthesia of patients suffering from one of the various types of myopathy and with a view to orthopedic operation, cannot be univocal. Operating indications, preparation, results, vary according to the type of suffering. The absence of associated cardiopathy allows surgery even with severe respiratory failures. The experiment of an orthopedic surgery department over a 10 years period shows that these patients may be effectively taken charge of by a multidisciplinary group, thus restricting to a maximum their hospital stay for the benefit of at home hospitalization techniques.

Adolescent↗