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PubMed1985

The experience of a department of medicine with a clinical medical library service.

Five years of experience using the services of a full-time clinical medical librarian (CML) by the Department of Medicine at the Hospital of the Medical College of Pennsylvania have been reviewed. Over the five years there was a marked increase in queries from faculty and house staff members with an accompanying decrease in CML-initiated questions, while requests by students and others remained constant. The largest category of queries was patient-related. There were increases in the use of the CML for patient-related queries, for research, and for oral presentations. The number of requests obtained on rounds or in conferences decreased, while the number obtained by phone, in the library, or elsewhere increased. Requests for computer searches remained constant.

Faculty, Medical↗
PubMed2001

The Alexandrian Library: crucible of a renaissance.

At the end of the 4th century BC, the Macedonian-Greek armies of Alexander the Great swept across Asia from Egypt to the Indus River, redefining political boundaries within that vast territory at a time when important cultural changes were also taking place in the Greek world. New literary forms were beginning to emerge from the classical literature, which was then the subject of scholarly investigation. There was growing curiosity about the physical world and mathematics. Aristotle and his contemporaries were redefining scholarship at a time when Alexander was redefining the political sphere. These remarkable transformations converged in Alexandria, which became the center of a new intellectual universe. The first Ptolemaic rulers founded two unique institutions--the Alexandrian Library and the Mouseion--and the Library became the crucible within which the Hellenistic renaissance was forged.

Egypt, Ancient↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A library instruction module.

The authors describe a modular instruction method to teach nursing students important library skills and provide an example of the instructional module. A pilot study demonstrated the value of this approach in facilitating use of the library. Nurse educators can use this method to assist their students in accessing reference materials quickly and successfully.

Curriculum↗
PubMed2005

Healthcare librarians and learner support: a review of competences and methods.

OBJECTIVES: London Health Libraries (LHL) are undertaking a project in order to develop the role of their library and knowledge services staff in supporting learners within the NHS in the London area (LHL Learner Support Project). This paper reports on the first phase of the project. METHODOLOGY: A literature analysis was carried out to provide guidance on the skills and competences needed for library and knowledge staff to perform this function. RESULTS: A variety of competences are identified, and structured in a model incorporating both training skills and general professional competencies. Library and knowledge staff will themselves need to have a high-level of information literacy and to be active lifelong learners. CONCLUSIONS: A 'blended learning' approach, involving e-learning together with other methods, is identified as the most appropriate way for skills to be acquired.

Curriculum↗
PubMed2004

Rave reviews?

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Education, Medical, Continuing↗
PubMed2004

Clinical librarianship in the UK: temporary trend or permanent profession? Part II: present challenges and future opportunities.

BACKGROUND: This article is the second part of a two-part series reporting a study of the role of the Clinical Librarian (CL) in the UK. METHODS: A qualitative method of semi-structured interviews was used to explore in-depth the role of the CL. The interviews provided a rich source of data and give insight into this new and emerging role as practised in the National Health Service (NHS). Similarities and differences are examined between the CL population and reported within themes, specifically: personal qualities and skills required, training for the CLs, marketing the CL service, working in the clinical environment, monitoring and evaluation and the acceptance of the CL in the NHS. RESULTS: A common understanding of the skills and knowledge required to undertake the CL role was shared by the respondents. However, practice differed as this was often dictated by local circumstances. The study confirmed the need for the CLs to work with clinical colleagues in the clinical setting to enhance patient care. CONCLUSION: The importance of using best evidence to support patient care is a message that is slowly becoming the norm in the NHS and the CL role in this practice is demonstrated by this study.

Clinical Medicine↗
PubMed2005

A survey of UK clinical librarianship: February 2004.

AIM: This article will describe a survey carried out in February 2004, the aim of which was to summarize the form and content of clinical librarian (CL) and other similar outreach information services to UK health professionals in the acute (secondary or tertiary) sector. OBJECTIVES: (i) To survey the activities and views of UK information professionals offering information services involving the librarians' presence in the clinical setting, (ii) to develop a tool to explore critical aspects of this form of information work, (iii) to create a contacts database for UK CLs, to be made available on the Internet. METHODOLOGY: All known information specialists/librarians offering CL or similar services were surveyed. The semi-structured questionnaire was piloted. Respondents were asked to consider their activity over a period of 4 weeks. RESULTS: Twenty-six people responded to the invitation to take part and met the inclusion criteria. CONCLUSIONS: A summary of a 'typical' clinical librarian revealed by this survey is given, with a major conclusion that there is a very mixed picture of activity. Opinion on how far CLs should go in fully appraising search results is uncertain. The survey suggests reasons for this and the developments that may influence change are discussed. Recommendations for future research and development are offered.

Clinical Medicine↗
PubMed2006

A journal club is an effective tool for assisting librarians in the practice of evidence-based librarianship: a case study.

OBJECTIVE: To establish a journal club for librarians, which aimed to develop appraisal skills and assist in the application of research to practice. METHODS: Fourteen health librarians were invited to attend a journal club. Each month a librarian was responsible for preparing a scenario, choosing a research paper, and selecting a checklist. The paper was appraised by the club, and a critically appraised topic (CAT) prepared. Six months later, a questionnaire was sent to all librarians. RESULTS: Six out of 14 librarians attended the journal club and five out of six returned the questionnaire. All five agreed that attending the journal club helped them develop appraisal skills, write a CAT and be more critical of research. Four agreed they always identified a research paper first, then formulated a question. One librarian agreed that applying results to their own practice was difficult, one disagreed and three were neutral. CONCLUSION: Journal clubs can be effective at developing appraisal skills and writing a CAT, as well as increasing the reading of library research. Librarians still need assistance in identifying and using questions directly from their own practice. The journal club has helped some librarians to apply evidence to practice, but others find the research is not always directly relevant.

Competency-Based Education↗
PubMed2004

A systematic review of the influence of different titanium surfaces on proliferation, differentiation and protein synthesis of osteoblast-like MG63 cells.

OBJECTIVES: Titanium is the standard material for dental and orthopaedical implants. The good biocompatibility has been proven in many experimental and clinical investigations. Different titanium topographies were tested in vitro using different cell culture models. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate and summarize the medical/dental literature to assess on which kind of titanium surface structure the osteoblast-like osteosarcoma cells MG63 show the best proliferation and differentiation rate, and the best protein synthesis. METHODS: A systematic search was carried out using different on-line databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, International Poster Journal), supplemented by handsearch in selected journals and by examination of the bibliographies of the identified articles. Inclusion and exclusion criterias were applied when considering relevant articles. Studies which met the inclusion criteria were included and data extraction was undertaken by one reviewer. RESULTS: The search yielded 348 references. Nine articles referring to nine different studies were relevant to our question. Additionally 8 less relevant articles were identified. It was found that regularly textured surfaces of pure titanium with R(a) values (average roughness) of around 4 mum are well-accepted by MG63 cells. CONCLUSIONS: The surfaces and culture conditions vary widely. Therefore it is still difficult to recommend one particular surface. It seems that there are no differences in cell proliferation and differentiation on surfaces treated by blasting and etching. Standardization in fabrication and size of the different test surfaces as well as homogeneity in culture times and plating densities should be aspects for future research.

Algorithms↗
PubMed2005

The increasing globalization of health librarianship: a brief survey of international trends and activities.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Throughout his career, Leslie Morton was interested in international developments in health librarianship. In memory of the work he did in this field, the authors examine current developments in international health librarianship and describe some current themes. PROCEDURES: The authors draw from their combined experience in international activities and the published information available from selected library associations and related organizations. FINDINGS: Although many of the major health library associations around the world are tackling agendas specific to their own country, issues of international concern are emerging in common. These are grouped around globalization, partnerships and co-operation, electronic access, especially open access, and working with the developing world in a number of different ways. Of course, the basis of all of these initiatives is to improve the health of the population by providing the best possible access to materials. CONCLUSIONS: Professional associations can provide a useful institutional infrastructure for addressing issues of international interest. Librarians should encourage their associations to develop these international initiatives and to seek out new and innovative ways to work together across international boundaries.

Australia↗