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Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

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At least 829 records · Page 46Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

General commentary on access to cardiovascular care in Canada: universal access, but when? Treating the right patient at the right time.

In 2004, the Canadian Cardiovascular Society formed an Access to Care Working Group with a mandate to use the best science and information available to establish reasonable triage categories and safe wait times for common cardiovascular services and procedures through a series of commentaries. The present commentary is the first in the series and lays out issues regarding timely access to care that are common to all cardiovascular services and procedures. The commentary briefly describes the 'right' to timely access, wait lists as a health care system management tool, and the role of the physician as patient advocate and gatekeeper. It also provides advice to funders, administrators and providers who must monitor and manage wait times to improve access to cardiovascular care in Canada and restore the confidence of Canadians in their publicly funded health care system.

Canada↗
PubMed2005

Online communication and support for cancer patients: a relationship-centric design framework.

Dealing with a cancer diagnosis and cancer treatment involves communication among clinicians, patients, families, friends and others affected by the illness. The hypothesis of this research is that an informatics system can effectively support the communication needs of cancer patients and their informal caregivers. Two design frameworks for online cancer communication are defined and compared. One is centered primarily on the users' interpersonal relationships, and the other is centered on the clinical data and cancer information. Five types of clinical and supportive relationships were identified and supported by in-depth interviews with cancer patients and their informal caregivers. Focusing the design of an online cancer communication system around the interpersonal relationships of patients and families may be an important step towards designing more effective paradigms for online cancer care and support.

Caregivers↗
PubMed2005

Contributing pain assessment concepts to a controlled terminology.

The objectives of this project were to 1) use a multi-disciplinary pain assessment information model to identify concepts required in Logical Observation Identifiers, Names and Codes (LOINC), 2) submit the proposed LOINC codes to the LOINC committee, and 3) have LOINC names and codes created for others to use.

Humans↗
PubMed2006

Approach to injuries in active people.

OBJECTIVE: To review the basic principles underlying treatment of injuries in active people. SOURCES OF INFORMATION: Basic science texts and reports of observational and randomized trials on treatment of musculoskeletal injuries were retrieved during previous exhaustive systematic reviews published by the author on a variety of musculoskeletal injury topics. MAIN MESSAGE: After an injury, further damage or re-injury can be prevented either by decreasing the stress on the tissue or increasing the stress the tissue can withstand. Regardless of the type of injury, clinicians should aim to restore function; aim to increase activity without increasing pain; recommend that patients start slowly and increase activity gradually; revisit diagnosis and treatment if patients are not responding; and treat the patient, not the condition. CONCLUSION: Most musculoskeletal injuries in the general population can be managed effectively by family physicians. Management should follow the basic principles of exercise training.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Defending information-free genocentrism.

Genocentrism, the thesis that the genes play a special role in the causation of development is often rejected in favor of a 'causal democracy thesis' to the effect that all causally necessary conditions for development are equal. Genocentrists argue that genes play a distinct causal role owing to their informational content and that this content enables them to program the embryo. I show that the special causal role of the genome hinges not on its informational status--it has none, or at least no more than computer programs have independent of our interpretations of them--but on its power literally to program the embryo, a power nicely illustrated in the use of polynucleotide sequences to compute solutions to NP hard problems in mathematics.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Genes, causation and intentionality.

I want to exhibit the deeper metaphysical reasons why some common ways of describing the causal role of genes in development and evolution are problematic. Specifically, I show why using the concept of information in an intentional sense in genetics is inappropriate, even given a naturalistic account of intentionality. Furthermore, I argue that descriptions that use notions such as programming, directing or orchestrating are problematic not for empirical reasons, but because they are not strictly causal. They are intentional. By contrast, other notions that are part of the received view in genetics and evolutionary theory are defensible if understood correctly, in particular the idea that genes are the main replicators in evolution. The paper concludes that dropping all intentional or intentionally laden concepts does not force us to accept the so-called causal parity thesis, at least not in its stronger form.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Evaluation of carcinogenic risk at the international (International Agency for Research on Cancer--World Health Organization) and the Czechoslovak level. A basis for consideration prior to amending Guideline no. 64/1984 on hygienic principles in working with chemical carcinogens].

The aim of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) attached to WHO is to facilitate world-wide cooperation in cancer research in the fields of science, methodology, information service, organization or even legislation. For this purpose the IARC publishes specialized monographs containing critical evaluation of risk materials, their mixtures as well as assessment of working procedures involving the risk of carcinogenesis. Within the IARC scope, so far 700 agents have been submitted for comprehensive investigation from the genotoxic aspect, and 628 out of these yielded valid results; 50 agents listed in Group 1 of demonstrable carcinogens, Group 2 contained 196 agents suspect of various degrees of carcinogenicity (subgroups 2A and 2B). The author compares the internationally accepted list of high-risk agents with the present Czechoslovak list--Guidelines No. 64/1984 containing 15 demonstrable carcinogenic agents and 17 potential carcinogenic agents, and he recommends that the prospective Amendment to the Guidelines No. 64/1984 should respond more keenly to the IARC conclusions and recommendations.

Carcinogens↗
PubMed1987

Orthodontic radiology: a review.

Before starting orthodontic treatment it is important to have status radiographs to ascertain the state of the patient's general dental health. A dental panoramic tomogram is very suitable in this respect, but right and left bimolar projections together with upper and lower occlusal films provide an appropriate alternative. Unerupted upper cuspids can be localized by means of parallax shift or by using the vertex occlusal projection. The cephalometric radiograph is an invaluable adjunct to the clinical examination and models of the dentition, which together form the basis for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. However, the user should be aware of the various errors which can detract from the reliability of this technique. Cephalometric landmarks are identified and tracings of the radiograph are made. Angular measurements taken from the tracing enable the maxillary and mandibular bases to be related to each other and to the cranial base. Recent developments in computer science and information transfer offer the possibility that in the future cephalometric radiographs will be analysed with the aid of a computer at sites which may be remote from the dental office.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1973

MEDLARS II: a review.

The MEDLARS II effort, as it was developed until June 1971, is reviewed in terms of the overall planning process. How MEDLARS I was approached by NLM is discussed first and its objectives used for comparison. Certain technical, managerial, and intellectual aspects are outlined as types of problems encountered in designing MEDLARS II. While improvement upon the MEDLARS I seemed to be the main reason for planning a MEDLARS II, objectives became blurred and divergent as the project went along. The complexities of creating a central computerized data base of health sciences bibliographic information and library functional activities for nationwide use were underappreciated and remain a challenge to NLM.

Computers↗
PubMed1984

Programs advancing developmental psychopathology.

This report provides an overview of recent activities designed to further the integration of developmental perspectives in research involving infant and childhood psychopathology. Definitions are provided for what appears to be an emerging field of developmental psychopathology. Various methods to foster the growth of this interdisciplinary endeavor are presented. Examples given include: (a) informing key science administrators in funding institutions; (b) creating forums for research communication, evaluation and planning; (c) building researcher networks; (d) interpreting priorities at funding institutions; (e) providing new publication outlets; and (f) developing interdisciplinary research training programs.

Child↗
PubMed1994

Health information, the fair information principles and ethics.

If advanced electronic patient records are construed as epistemic patient analogues in information space, then the traditional property-model of patient records is longer appropriate. A new paradigm is required. This paper suggests a new paradigm, examines its ethical implications and explores ways in which these could be reflected in legal and regulatory mechanisms. Special attention is paid to privacy, security and access relative to the so-called "fair information principles".

Beneficence↗