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PubMedDate not supplied

Relaxation techniques for children and young people.

The relaxation response, relaxation with mental imagery/self-hypnosis, and centering are techniques that can be used by the nurse practitioner in a variety of clinical situations to help children and young people manage stress. These approaches also can be used to treat certain common pediatric problems, such as headaches, enuresis, acute and chronic pain, and habit disorders. The techniques and their appropriate use are described.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Latchkey children.

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Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lead toxicity.

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Health Personnel↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pediatric nurse practitioners specializing with survivors of childhood cancer.

The evolution of the role of the pediatric nurse practitioner in oncology specializing in the care of childhood cancer survivors is described, with certain aspects of the role solidified or expanded and new functions added. The early concept of the role included three interdependent functions: (a) clinician/caregiver, (b) educator, and (c) researcher. The functions of specialty care provider and educator remain strong; the role of researcher has been expanded, and new role components, clinical/program manager and consultant, have been added. The central focus for the pediatric nurse practitioner in oncology is the survivor and family, which is extended to the clinic population and related groups by the blending of the pediatric nurse practitioner and clinical nurse specialist roles. Any role function on behalf of this clinical population should be assumed as necessary to provide comprehensive care.

Child↗
PubMed1991

A role for DNA in anti-DNA antibodies binding to endothelial cells.

Vascular injury and microvascular thrombosis are prominent features of systemic lupus erythematosus, as are circulating DNA-binding antibodies (DNAb). Experimental glomerulonephritis can be induced by anti-endothelial cell antibodies, and polyreactive DNAb might be pathogenetic by binding to endothelial cells, perhaps influencing their non-thrombogenic nature. To test this hypothesis, eight monoclonal antibodies (mAb) that bind to DNA derived from (NZB x NZW)F1 or MRL/Mp-lpr/lpr mice, were tested for their ability to bind to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Binding was assessed using flow cytometry, fluorescence microscopy and cellular ELISA. Three of the eight mAb, at concentrations employed in this study, bound to HUVEC and dermal fibroblasts. Of these three mAb, one bound also to platelets. Two of the three demonstrated strong binding to (1) freshly isolated, collagenase-digested HUVEC, (2) 2nd passage HUVEC in suspension after trypsinization and, (3) 2nd passage HUVEC growing on plastic plates. To determine whether DNA itself acted as a ligand in this binding, prior treatment with DNAase was studied. Treatment of the endothelial cells with DNAase had no effect on the binding of one mAb, but DNAase treatment of this monoclonal itself resulted in a 60% reduction in binding to HUVEC, suggesting that the binding might be mediated through DNA in the form of a DNA/anti-DNA immune complex. In contrast, DNAase digestion of the endothelial cells caused a 40% reduction in the binding of the other two monoclonal antibodies. Furthermore, one of the two mAb bound 30% more to HUVEC after themselves being subjected to DNAase treatment. These two monoclonals may therefore be binding directly to HUVEC, possibly to DNA associated with the membrane. Prior DNAase digestion of dermal fibroblasts had a more profound effect on the binding of all three autoantibodies compared to HUVEC after similar treatment. Therefore, DNA can bind independently to either antibody or cell, thus supporting build up of complexes and capture of preformed complexes. Functionally, the binding of mAb to HUVEC did not influence thrombin-induced prostacyclin synthesis, in contrast to a control monoclonal anti-endothelial cell antibody EN4, which did.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Enterobacterial hemolysins: activation, secretion and pore formation.

Two types of enterobacterial hemolysins have been studied in detail: the Escherichia coli alpha-hemolysin and the Serratia marcescens hemolysin. Although they have similar properties, they differ entirely in the number and structure of the proteins that determine their hemolytic activities, in the mechanism and the subcellular location of activation and in their secretion mechanisms.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed2006

Pastime in a pub: observations of young adults' activities and alcohol consumption.

Alcohol consumption typically takes place in a time-out situation, which can be spent by engaging in several leisure time activities. Usually, conversation is the dominant pastime in a bar, but this may take place during other activities, like watching TV or playing games. These activities may inhibit drinking because of the physical difficulties of drinking and being active at the same time. Findings of an observational study on drinking in young adults (N=238) in a bar lab will be discussed. In the present study, we followed the ad-lib drinking of peer groups (7-9 persons) during 1-h periods. The results suggest that (1) selection of activities is not related to initial drinking level or personality characteristics; (2) active pastime is related to slower drinking than passive pastime (in males); (3) male problem drinkers appear to compensate for the "lost" amount of drinking after an active phase; and (4) involvement in active pastime is not related to total alcohol consumption. Implications of these findings are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

The pleasurable recreational activities among community-dwelling older adults.

This study aimed to clarify what pleasurable recreational activities older adults like to participate in, and to investigate the relationship between those activities and quality of life (QOL). Questionnaires were delivered to older residents (65 years and above) in a Japanese rural area. The residents' background information, the amount of pleasure for various activities, and the QOL were surveyed. The QOL was evaluated by the revised Philadelphia Geriatric Center (PGC) morale scale. The amount of pleasure taken in a majority of the activities, such as conversation with family or neighbors showed a significant association with the happiness score, but only a few activities showed significant association between the revised PGC morale scale and the amount of pleasure. The multiple regression analyses indicated that the amount of pleasure in exercise, the difficulty in managing finances, and amount of pleasure taken in watching TV were significant variables for predicting the happiness score. The results indicated that the amount of pleasure older adults experienced when engaging in activities such as conversation with family or neighbors showed significant association with the older adults' happiness. These results may be helpful in understanding contributions of various activities to the perception of pleasure in older adults.

Activities of Daily Living↗