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At least 829 records · Page 46Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Fibrin sealant facilitates hemostasis in arteriovenous polytetrafluoroethylene grafts for renal dialysis access.

A prospective randomized study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of fibrin sealant (FS) in patients undergoing upper-extremity polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) graft placement for dialysis. This procedure appears to be a reproducible and clinically relevant model for evaluating FS in vascular surgery. Consenting adult patients (n = 28) undergoing placement of a PTFE graft (6 mm) were randomized to either the treatment group using FS (Hemaseel APR, Haemacure Corp., Sarasota, FL) or control comparator groups (four) of bovine thrombin (T) (Thrombogen, GenTrac Inc., Middleton, WI), pressure (P), bovine thrombin (Thrombogen, GenTrac Inc.) -soaked cellulose sponges (TG) (Gelfoam, Upjohn Co., Kalamazoo, MI), or oxidized regenerated cellulose (S) (Surgicel, Johnson & Johnson, New Brunswick, NJ). All patients received heparin (3000 IU intravenous push) before placement of vascular clamps. The mean time to hemostasis was 29.3 seconds for FS, 147.4 seconds for T, 872.2 seconds for P, 346 seconds for TG, and 1044.5 seconds for S. There were no significant adverse events. FS appeared to be a superior hemostatic agent in these vascular procedures. No complications from FS were noted.

Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Hemostasis status in patients with acute viral myocarditis].

Twelve percent of patients with a mild clinical course have been shown to be in the mild degree of severity of the clinical course by the clinical picture and state of the ejection fraction but by indices for hemostasis they approach moderately severe degree of the clinical course. Recognition of this fact makes the physician especially responsible for all he ventures in treating patients in the above group to prevent transformation into a more severe degree of the clinical course of acute viral myocarditis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A comprehensive study on hemostasis in CAPD patients treated with erythropoietin.

OBJECTIVE: Bleeding diathesis and simultaneous thrombotic complications may be seen in dialyzed patients. Erythropoietin (EPO) may shift the precarious balance of the hemostatic system toward thrombosis. Platelets and tissue factor (TF) play a major role in plug formation. Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) appears to play a primary role in regulating TF-induced coagulation. Thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) is a key protein linking coagulation and fibrinolysis. The aim of the study was to assess whether 6 months of EPO therapy affects platelet function, that is, platelet aggregation and P-selectin level; moieties of the extrinsic coagulation pathway: TF, TFPI, and TFPI/Xa complexes, and factors VII and X; markers of ongoing coagulation: thrombin-antithrombin complexes (TAT) and prothrombin fragments 1+2; a marker of ongoing fibrinolysis: plasmin-antiplasmin complexes (PAP); fibrinolytic activity: euglobulin clot lysis time (ECLT); and markers of endothelial cell injury: von Willebrand factor, thrombomodulin, E-selectin, and TAFI, in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 22 patients on CAPD were given EPO 6,000 U/week. 12 patients with chronic renal failure and 12 healthy volunteers served as control groups. All parameters were studied before, and after 1, 3, and 6 months of EPO therapy. SETTING: Department of Nephrology and Internal Medicine, Medical Academy of Bialystok, Poland. RESULTS: Platelet aggregation in whole blood did not change significantly during EPO treatment. A significant rise in arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation in platelet-rich plasma was observed after 3 and 6 months, and in collagen-induced platelet aggregation after 6 months of EPO therapy, compared to the baseline values. The TFPI concentration decreased significantly after 6 months of EPO therapy. The activity of factor VII increased transiently after 1 month of EPO therapy, compared to the baseline values. The TAFI concentration and activity in the CAPD group were significantly higher than in the control group. Erythropoietin therapy resulted in a significant decrease in TAFI concentration and activity after 6 months of EPO treatment. The ECLT was shortened significantly as early as after 1 month of EPO therapy. Thrombomodulin, von Willebrand factor concentration and activity, PAP, TAT, TFPI/Xa complexes, prothrombin fragments 1+2, factor X activity, P-selectin, E-selectin, and lipoprotein(a) did not change significantly during EPO treatment. CONCLUSION: Erythropoietin treatment has a minimal effect on hemostasis in CAPD patients. A tendency toward a decline in TAFI is of unknown clinical relevance so far, and awaits further research.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Gender differences in the state of the system of hemostasis in patients with ischemic heart disease].

Levels of fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor, d-dimer, antithrombin III, protein C, plasminogen, and plasminogen activator inhibitor were measured in 62 men and 37 women with ischemic heart disease before and after 20-min venous occlusion. Women compared with men had higher baseline levels of fibrinogen (4.046-/+0.1785 and 3.584-/+0.1591 g/l, respectively, p=0.021), von Willebrand factor (122.1-/+9.31 and 99.5-/+6.16%, respectively, p=0.035), plasminogen activator inhibitor (4.8-/+0.31 and 2.9-/+0.27 IU/l, respectively, p=0.009). Levels of antithrombin III, protein C, and plasminogen in women were higher than in men both at baseline (108.5-/+1.65 and 100.7-/+1.60 %, p=0.001; 129.1-/+2.91 and 107.2-/+3.79%, p=0.001; 113.6-/+2.13 and 104.1-/+1.89%; p=0.001, respectively) and after venous occlusion. There were no gender differences in dynamics of parameters of hemostasis during venous occlusion. Multifactorial regression analysis showed that gender was independently (of age, duration of hypertension, smoking, body mass index, and total cholesterol level) related to only antithrombin III and protein C levels.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2002

[Evaluation of the STA-R analyzer for the study of neonatal and pediatric hemostasis].

To evaluate the capacities of adaptation of the STA-R analyzer (Diagnostica Stago, Asnieres, France) to the study of pediatric hemostasis, classical studies were undertaken and they have included: (1) Within-run assays (n = 21, 2 control levels) and day-to-day precision studies (n = 20, 2 control levels) for the following tests: prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), factor II (FII), factor VII + X (FVII + X), factor V (FV), fibrinogen (fg) and antithrombin (AT); (2) Comparison of the results of APTT, FII, FVII + X, FV and fg assays (in 50 plasmas) obtained with STA-R and STA (analyzer currently used, in our pediatric laboratory). Specific pediatric evaluation has included: (1) Evaluation of the STA-R results for low concentrations of the coagulation factors; (2) Determination of the lowest dead volume; (3) Introduction of peculiar samples among "routine" series. The results showed that within-run assays and day-to-day precision studies have confirmed the good performances of the STA-R. The comparison of the STA-R and STA results from 50 plasmas shows a correlation coefficient of 0.990, 0.995, 0.996, 0.997 and 0.996 for APTT, fg, FII, FVII + V and FV respectively. Such results are confirmed for low concentrations of coagulation factors. The acceptable dead volume could be lowered down to 50 microliters. Very small samples, selected assays and emergencies could be easily introduced among routine series. It is concluded that the STA-R showed very good technical performances. The STA-R is adapted to the routine tests as well as to the very specific samples of neonates and children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Locoregional anesthesia and drugs that affect hemostasis. Suggestions of the expert meeting in the ESRA Congress in Barcelona].

Growing interest in the effect of hemostasis-altering medications on regional anesthetic techniques was analyzed recently in a review article suggesting certain safety measures, by Llau and colleages in Revista Española de Anestesiología y Reanimación. Since that review, however, it has become necessary to extend the discussion of clinical issues, based on information presented at the Eighth Local Meeting of the European Society for Regional Anesthesia (ESRA) of May 2002. There, participants debated the most controversial aspects, with attention to practical questions such as temporal safety margins and approaches to take given certain platelet antiaggregants, fibrinolytics or drug combinations. This paper faithfully presents the suggestions made by participants at the meeting. As most anesthesiologists expressed the need to set guidelines for fibrinolytics, the main issues related to those drugs in regional anesthesia are reviewed.

Anesthesia, Local↗
PubMed2002

Effect of extra virgin olive oil on experimental thrombosis and primary hemostasis in rats.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Olive oil is a particular source of fat in the Mediterranean diet, which is associated with a lower incidence of cardiovascular disease. We investigated the possible antithrombotic role of extra virgin olive oil as a single dietary modification in experimental thrombosis and primary hemostasis models in rats. METHODS AND RESULTS: Two different groups of animals were studied: one fed a usual diet (control group) and the other a diet enriched with extra virgin olive oil (3%; weight/weight). After six weeks feeding, arterial thrombosis was initiated by inserting an artificial prosthesis (or "aortic loop") into the aorta, and venous thrombosis was induced by ligating the inferior vena cava. "Template" bleeding time (BT) was measured, as well as factor VII coagulant activity (FVII:C) and fibrinogen levels. The animals fed the olive oil enriched diet showed a significant delay in the thrombotic occlusion of the "aortic loop" (99 +/- 5 h vs 82 +/- 5 h, p < 0.04), a lower incidence of venous thrombosis (57% vs 86%; p < 0.05) and a prolonged BT (154 +/- 7 sec vs 122 +/- 4 sec; p < 0.01) in comparison with the control group. They had lower plasma fibrinogen concentrations (209 +/- 5 mg/dL vs 233 +/- 4 mg/dL; p < 0.01) but similar FVII:C levels (119 +/- 5% vs 108 +/- 5%; p = NS) despite their lower triglyceride concentrations (52 +/- 5 mg/dL vs 79 +/- 10 mg/dL; p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This study provides the first in vivo experimental evidence of the thrombosis prevention properties of olive oil, which are possibly mediated by reduced fibrinogen concentrations and impaired platelet/vessel wall interactions.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Ontogenetic peculiarities of hemostasis in newborn children].

A total of 25 newborns (15 full-term and 10 preterm babies) were examined. The coagulative and summary lytic blood activity with regard for the aggregategram and hemocoagulagram findings was studied. The following was established: the neonatal period of healthy babies is characterized by changing stages in the hemostasis system, i.e. hypocoagulation is followed by the normalized coagulation fibrinolytic activity. Preterm babies have more pronounced changes and become normal later.

Blood Coagulation Tests↗
PubMed2003

[Routine preoperative evaluation of hemostasis].

Preoperative evaluation of hemostasis is mainly based on the clinical investigation. Clinical symptoms and history taking help target the most at risk patients. Clinical assessment is also helpful in defining the acquired or constitutional nature of any hemostatic disorder and the type of anomaly involved, e.g. primary hemostatic disorder or coagulation defect. Proper evaluation also helps detect the potential risk of bleeding independently of biological defects detectable with routine tests. Applied in an informative population, clinical evaluation enables optimal utilization of laboratory results.

Blood Coagulation Disorders, Inherited↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of obzidan and isobarin on the lysosomal apparatus of the neutrophilic granulocytes and on hemostasis under stress factors].

Experiments on rabbits were carried out with the purpose of evaluating the participation of beta-adreno-blockader and sympatholytic agent in the reaction of liberation of lysosomal enzymes of peripheral blood neutrophilic granulocytes in response to the immobilization. It was established that the sympathetic nervous system (via alpha- and beta adrenoreceptors) produces an effect on reduction of the number of lysosomes and liberation of lysosomal enzymes that participate indirectly through factor XII in hemostasis regulation.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

[The role of hemostasis system in the pathogenesis and course of multiple sclerosis].

The influence of anticoagulation components of hemostasis system and lupus anticoagulants (LA) upon the course of multiple sclerosis (MS) was studied. 57 patients with MS diagnosed according to McDonald's criteria (McDonald WI et al., 2001) were examined: 19 males and 38 females aged 16-62 (mean age 36.8 +/- 11.2 yrs) with 1-25 yrs history of MS (mean duration 8.1 +/- 5.7 yrs). 42 patients suffered from relapsing-remitting MS, 17 patients were affected by secondary progressive MS. The degree of neurological deficit was estimated in remission according to Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), mean score was 3.8 +/- 1.7. The progression of MS was estimated as EDSS score per year ratio. In patients with relapsing-remitting MS the mean number of exacerbations per year was calculated. The following laboratory findings were evaluated: thrombin clotting time, antithrombin-III activity, plasminogen reserve by the level of streptokinase-induced euglobulin fibrinolysis, protein C activity, factor Va resistance to activated protein C, lupus anticoagulants (LA). It was revealed that LA could worsen relapsing-remitting MS: in LA-positive patients there were 1.41 +/- 0.69 exacerbations per year and progression score reached 0.82 +/- 0.30, whereas in LA-negative patients the figures were 0.74 +/- 0.58 (p < 0.001) and 0.48 +/- 0.33 (p < 0.01) respectively. All the patients showed decrease of protein C activity (p < 0.001) with no relation to LA activity or factor Va resistance to activated protein C. Normal level of plasminogen and antithrombin-III activity was supposed to be the marker of benign variant of MS. The course of MS was mild in patients with high antithrombin-III activity even if they were hypercoagulative--this suggests neuroprotective activity of antithrombin-III which may relate not only to its anticoagulation effect.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Perigraft-to-right atrial shunt for aortic root hemostasis.

We have modified the technique of perigraft-to-right atrial shunt to control hemorrhage after aortic root replacement. We have performed this operation in 2 patients, including one who had acute aortic dissection and another who underwent aortic root replacement and single-vessel coronary artery bypass. Neither patient required re-exploration for bleeding, and both shunts closed spontaneously during the follow-up period without any related complications. With this modification, even in the presence of concomitant coronary artery bypass grafting, hemostasis was achieved with preservation of the proximal vein graft.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Effects of fibrin glue on hemostasis.

In order to decrease complications following incomplete hemostasis, we tried to make a safe, efficient and highly concentrated fibrin glue by thawing single-donor fresh frozen plasma. Using a unique animal model, in which arterial bleeding was created, fibrin glue and some related hemostatic agents were tested to evaluate their hemostatic effectiveness. The results demonstrated that: 1) the concomitant use of cryoprecipitate-thrombin tissue glue with adjuvant (aprotinin or calcium chloride) had a better hemostatic effect than the use of cryoprecipitate-thrombin tissue glue alone (p < 0.05); 2) impregnation of fibrin glue with a suitable vehicle was advisable to accelerate the coagulation plug formation and to enhance the mechanical strength of the adhesive plug; 3) Gelform, used as a vehicle to hold the fibrin glue, had a more efficient hemostatic effect than gauze, collagen fleece and Surgicel (p < 0.05); 4) systemic heparinization attenuated the effectiveness of the hemostatic agents and aggravated the bleeding problem, but a low hematocrit level did not; 5) fibrin glue had its own limitations, especially under systemic heparinization, on hemostatic effectiveness in a high-pressure system. Understanding the characteristics of fibrin glue, as mentioned above, definitely improved the hemostatic effectiveness of the glue, especially after failure of the usual methods of controlling bleeding.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Several components of plasma hemostasis in patients with suppurative processes in the abdominal cavity].

Blood and urine concentrations of antithrombin-III, plasminogen, alpha 2-macroglobulin, alpha 1-antitrypsin, degradation products of fibrinogen-fibrin were studied in patients with abdominal suppuration. Noticeable deviations from the normal values especially marked in the severe process indicated the development of DIC syndrome and renal failure. Heavy combined treatment promoted normalization of the hemostasis shifts and eliminated pyo-inflammatory processes in the abdominal cavity.

Abdomen↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Antithrombin III and alpha-2-antiplasmin activities compared with other hemostasis parameters in uncomplicated diabetes mellitus, type 2].

In 40 patients with diabetes mellitus type II without clinical signs of any organ complications and in the respective control group the following indices of hemostasis were assessed: 1) activity of AI-III, 2) activity of alfa-2-AP, 3) fibrinogen, 4) time of fibrinolysis, 5) platelets count, adhesiveness and spontaneous aggregation, 6) kaolin-cephalin and profil stipven-cephalin plasma times. All these indices were normal in uncomplicated diabetes mellitus with the expectation of platelets activity. Stimulation of platelets activity and increase of corresponding parameters appears in diabetes mellitus type II before any other symptoms of angiopathy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The assessment of the state of the blood lipid spectrum, hemostasis, hormonal homeostasis and hemodynamics in the early diagnosis and drug correction of the cardiovascular changes in prostatic cancer patients undergoing estrogen therapy].

A complex of investigation was performed in 30 males with newly diagnosed prostatic cancer (stages T2NOMO-T3NO-1MO) before treatment with estrogens, 2-3 months and 1 year after its start. The complex included evaluation of blood lipid spectrum (HDL, LDL, VLDL, triglycerides), hemostasis (coagulation, platelet aggregation, fibrinolysis), hormonal profile (blood hydrocortisone, aldosterone, testosterone, estradiol, STH, FSH, LH, prolactin, plasma renin activity), central and intracardiac hemodynamics, ECG. 66 healthy men of advanced age served control. It was found that estrogen therapy affected blood lipid metabolism, leading to impairment of physiological correlation between HDL and triglycerides, increased blood levels of VLDL and triglycerides. Long-term estrogen treatment brought about enhancement of hemocoagulation and platelet aggregation. Hormonal shifts involved hyperprolactinemia, hypersomatotropism, hypercorticism, aldosterone hypersecretion, proportional androgens-estrogens alterations. Hormonal abnormalities produce side effects in estrogen-treated CHD and hypertonic patients: negative ECG readings indicative of deteriorated coronary circulation and hypertensive episodes, central hemodynamic disorders, respectively. In view of possible cardiovascular damage related to estrogen therapy, a differentiated approach is proposed which would allow a long-term estrogen treatment free of relevant complications.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Structure-activity determination of physiological reactions of vasopressin and its analogs on the hemostasis system].

Effects of vasopressin, its C-terminal fragments and derivatives on the system of hemostasis were studied in rats. Modification of amino acid sequence in vasopressin molecule led to distinct alterations in main peptide properties. Presence of ring structure in the peptide molecule appears to be obligatory to increase the content of factor VIII in blood, while absence of glycine in side chain caused a decrease in the rate of fibrinolysis and in activity of plasminogen activators.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2003

[Non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome: changes of parameters of hemostasis during and after treatment with unfractionated heparin and enoxaparin].

AIM: To compare changes of parameters of hemostasis in patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTEACS) during and after treatment with unfractionated heparin (UFH) and low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) enoxaparin. MATERIAL: Control groups of 2 randomized studies of effects of thienopyridines in NSTEACS with similar inclusion criteria. METHODS: In patients (n=18) of study one UFH was infused intravenously for 54.2+/-22.3 h, in patients of study two subcutaneous enoxaparin 1 mg/kg b.i.d. was used for 76.2+/-28.3 h. Levels of D-dimer (DD), thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT), prothrombin fragment 1+2 (F1+2), von Willebrand factor (vWF), fibrinogen, tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) and activity of its inhibitor (PAI), soon after start of treatment with heparins and in 1, 3, 7 and 14 days. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Short term lowering of DD and TAT levels occurred during UFH infusion apparently reflecting primary antithrombin action of UFH. During LMWH use DD level remained unchanged however its lowering was observed after cessation of LMWH (on days 7 and 14). The use of LMWH was not associated with increases of thrombinemia (TAT), thrombin generation (F1+2), and fibrinogen which were registered after end of UFH infusion (days 3, 7 and 14). Neither UFH nor LMWH prevented acute phase vWF elevation. The use of both heparins was associated with changes that could be interpreted as profibrinolytic. In LMWH treated patients these changes (elevations of TPA level) became manifested early (on day 3) and were short lived while in UFH treated patients they appeared later (on day 7) and were prolonged (as lowered PAI activity on day 14).

Acute Disease↗