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At least 829 records · Page 46Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Prevention of postoperative venous thromboembolism by external pneumatic calf compression in patients with gynecologic malignancy.

One hundred seven patients undergoing major surgery for gynecologic malignancy participated in a controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness of pneumatic calf compression in the prevention of postoperative deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. External pneumatic calf compression was applied intraoperatively and for five postoperative days. All patients were prospectively screened for deep venous thrombosis with impedance plethysmography and 125I-fibrinogen leg counting. Deep venous thrombosis and/or pulmonary emboli were detected in 18 of 52 control group patients (34.6%) whereas in seven of 55 (12.7%) of those treated with external pneumatic calf compression (P less than .005). External pneumatic calf compression was most effective during the first five days postoperatively and also reduced the incidence of deep venous thrombosis in patients at highest risk. When applied during surgery and for five days postoperatively, external pneumatic calf compression significantly reduces the incidence of postoperative venous thrombosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Physiologic changes of antishock trousers in relationship to external pressure.

The results of this study on dogs demonstrates that 60 millimeters of mercury counterpressure does not differ significantly from 100 millimeters of mercury counterpressure either in the increase in carotic pressure or in the mobilization of blood in the lower extremities and abdomen. Therefore, one could assume that vital organ perfusion is just as effective at 60 millimeters of mercury as at 100 millimeters of mercury. Sixty millimeters of mercury counterpressure produces less lactic acidosis and hyperkalemia than does 100 millimeters of mercury. It must be emphasized, however, that the blood pressure of the dogs was maintained at 80 millimeters of mercury, significantly below the 100 millimeters of mercury of the counterpressure. The results of previous studies have demonstrated that, when the blood pressure in animals is maintained at 100 millimeters of mercury, this metabolic acidosis and hyperkalemia are not as severe. Data from these experiments demonstrated that, when the blood pressure in animals is maintained at 120 grams and the external counterpressure is maintained at 100 millimeters, there is only a minimal to moderate accumulation of lactic acid and potassium. It can be inferred, therefore, that, when blood pressure is returned to within normal range, there is enough perfusion of the lower extremities and abdomen to prevent production of excessive lactic acid and potassium. Finally, the results of the present study demonstrated that a significant amount (up to 30 per cent of blood volume) is mobilized from the lower extremities and abdomen when the device is properly applied.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1981

Effect of intermittent pneumatic and graduated static compression on factor VIII and the fibrinolytic system.

Intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) or graduated static compression stockings, both effective mechanical methods in the prophylaxis of postoperative deep venous thrombosis, have been investigated in 50 patients regarding the effect of compression on the fibrinolytic system and factor VIII activators. All the patients were subjected to one of the two methods before operation upon varicose veins. In 38 patients IPC with a pressure of 40 mmHg was applied on one leg or arm for at least two hours. In 23 of these patients the compression pattern was slow, two minutes' inflation and two minutes' deflation period. In the remaining 15 patients the compression pattern was quick, three seconds' inflation, followed by 20 seconds' deflation, three cycles a minute. Twelve patients were treated with a compression stocking on one leg for about 24 hours before the operation. Blood samples for determination of fibrinolytic activity and factor VIII in plasma were obtained before and immediately after the end of compression and application of a stocking, respectively. Also the level of plasminogen activator activity (PA) in the vein wall was determined. Neither IPC nor the application of an elastic stocking had any demonstrable effect on the variables studied. In addition, the results did not vary with the rate (slow or quick) or with the duration of IPC, sex or site of application (arm or leg) of IPC. Blood samples from the compressed leg were also uninfluenced.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Antishock trousers.

Antishock trousers have become increasingly accepted by the medical community, especially by emergency departments. As new and varied uses for this lifesaving tool are described, it becomes necessary for all physicians to be acquainted with the use of the device. A brief history, rationale, and indications are presented along with a suggested protocol.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Reaction to decreased circulating blood volume in persons subject and resistant to motion sickness (airsickness)].

The study of 54 healthy male test subjects demonstrated significantly different responses of motion sickness susceptible and resistant people to 10-minute occlusion of their femoral veins. The changes in limb rheograms, as well as heart rate and stroke volume indicated that in motion sickness susceptible subjects the circulating blood volume in the upper body decreased, whereas in motion sickness resistant subjects it remained unaltered or increased in response to the occlusion.

Blood Volume↗