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At least 829 records · Page 46Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Gene geography of hereditary glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and pulmonary tuberculosis in Azerbaijan].

A comparative study of the detection rate for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH) deficiency was carried out among the indigenous population of different regions of Azerbaijan with epidemiologic tuberculosis situation. A screening comprising the Bernstein test (for revealing enzymopathy in the erythroid series cells) and the NS test (for revealing enzyme deficiency in leukocytes) was conducted to find hereditary G-6-PDH deficiency. A comparison of the epidemiologic parameters of the pertinent regions revealed the correlation between the detection rate for G-6-PDH deficiency in the republican regions and the epidemiologic tuberculosis situation. These studies have led to the conclusion that one of the measures to reduce tuberculosis morbidity in the republic is to enhance antiepidemiologic measures in the regions whose residents show a high incidence fo hereditary G-6-PDH deficiency.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Ancient serological traces of infections by the human immunodeficiency virus HIV-1 and HIV-2 in sub-saharan Africa. A different geography].

Despite of some heavy methodological limitations, the analysis of some serological data collected before 1985 allows to establish the selective regional distribution of the two infections. HIV-2 is prevalent in the West African sites which are studied and he has been observed since the sixties. The foci and the sporadic cases of the HIV-1 which are known are localized principally in the East-Central Africa. (Research done under the sponsorship of the A.N.R.S. (Paris)).

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1995

[Geography of lung cancer incidence among women and men of Upper Silesia in the years 1986-1990].

During a five period (1986-1990) in Katowice province (Upper Silesia) there were 6,140 cases of lung cancer in males and 1,039 females recorded. The standardized (according to age structure of the world population) incidence of lung cancer in both groups, in 93 administrative units (45 cities, 48 communities) significantly vary and are geographically unevenly distributed. The incidence in selected areas in males can be compared with values characterizing regions of the world with highest indices (> 95 per 100,000); whereas in females the incidence of lung cancer is much lower. The prognosis for lung cancer incidence in the Upper Silesia, according to the regression analysis is pessimistic.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Genetic variation in the population of Ibiza (Spain): genetic structure, geography, and language.

A sample of 203 individuals from Ibiza (Balearic Islands, Spain) were tested for blood group and serum protein genetic variation and compared with other circum-Mediterranean populations. Allele frequencies were calculated for the following blood group and serum systems: ABO, Rh, MNSs, P, Lewis, Duffy, Kell, ORM, GC, TF, PI, and HP. The allele frequencies from Ibiza were compared with those from other Balearic Islands (Majorca and Minorca) and with related European and North African groups using an assortment of analytical methods (genetic distances, R matrix analysis, and Mantel tests). R matrix analysis revealed that Ibiza is genetically different from the other Balearic populations and, because of gene flow from Spain, clusters with European groups. The level of genetic microdifferentiation of the Mediterranean populations, measured by RST (average of the R matrix diagonal elements, rii), is 0.028. An examination of the relationship between genetic, geographic, and linguistic distances by Mantel tests revealed that genetic distances are significantly correlated with linguistic distances, whereas the genetic distances are not significantly correlated with geographic distances. The plot of mean per locus heterozygosity versus the genetic distance from the centroid of distribution revealed that all three Balearic Islands have experienced considerable gene flow but that Ibiza has been most affected by the action of stochastic processes.

Blood Group Antigens↗
PubMed1996

[Geography of effective size in the rural population of northern Eurasia: effective size and the intensity of random genetic drift].

On the basis of 655 direct and indirect estimations of effective size (Ne) of rural populations, a map of the geographic distribution of Ne in northern Eurasia was constructed. A geographic cline of Ne was found, with its value decreasing by three orders of magnitude from the direction of southwest (the western Caucasus and Central Asia) to northeast (the coasts of the Sea of Okhotsk and the Bering Sea). The area of highest distribution density of mean Ne values was situated meridionally between the Ob and Yenisei rivers from the Arctic coast of Taimyr Peninsula to the eastern Sayany and the south Baikal regions. Another similar area covered the south Baltic region, Belarus, and northwestern Ukraine. The average effective population size in northern Eurasia was Ne = 211.6, the geometrical mean G = 176, the harmonic mean H = 147, and the modal value Mo = 102. These characteristics of effective population size indicate a considerable contribution of stochastic gene drift to the differentiation of the northern Eurasian gene pool and the geographic cline of the rate of gene drift in the subcontinent. By means of transformation of the Ne map, a map for the rate of stochastic gene drift (1/4Ne) in northern Eurasia was obtained.

Asia↗
PubMed1977

Genes and geography.

The author discusses a number of genetically determined diseases, such as hemoglobinopathies, acute intermittent porphyria, familial Mediterranean fever and so-called acquired hypogammaglobulinemia from the geographical point of view. Possible factors explaining localized increases in incidence are discussed. The importance of isolates for the development of such foci is stressed.

Agammaglobulinemia↗
PubMed1997

[Geography of genetic processes in human populations: gene migration in Northern Eurasia (European region)].

A method of transformation of census data on population migration into data on gene migrations is proposed. Based on the 1970 Population census of the former Soviet Union, coefficients of effective direct migration m in 91 population of the oblast size in the European part of Russia were estimated. Each coefficient was calculated as the geometric mean of effective values for the island and stepping-stone models of population structure. A map of the geographic distribution of gene migrations was constructed. Low rates of gene migrations were shown to be associated with steppe-forest and deciduous forest zones. Mean coefficients of gene migration estimated from the observed data for the European region and from the map data weighted by the area sizes were respectively m = 0.0156 +/- 0.0011 and m = 0.0232 +/- 0.0011. In view of the fact that the census data were collected simultaneously, all m values were multiplied by 2.8 in order to estimate gene migration rate per generation. Correlation analysis of gene migration coefficients m and genetically effective population sizes Ne demonstrated that these population parameters are independent. This analysis showed the reverse relationship between the rate of gene migration into a population and population density, in particular, density of settlements within the population area.

Biological Evolution↗