SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “GLUTEN”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

SourceResearch connectionFrom yearThrough year

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 829 records · Page 46Linked to original sources

PubMed2006

Dermatomyositis associated with celiac disease: response to a gluten-free diet.

The association between dermatomyositis and celiac disease in children has been well documented. In the adult population, however, the association has not been clearly established. A rare case of concomitant dermatomyositis and celiac disease in a 40-year-old woman is presented. After having been diagnosed with dermatomyositis and iron deficiency anemia, this patient was referred to the gastroenterology clinic to exclude a gastrointestinal malignancy. Blood tests revealed various vitamin deficiencies consistent with malabsorption. The results of gastroscopy with duodenal biopsy were consistent with celiac disease. After she was put on a strict gluten-free diet, both nutritional deficiencies and the dermatomyositis resolved. The patient's human leukocyte antigen haplotype study was positive for DR3 and DQ2, which have been shown to be associated with both juvenile dermatomyositis and celiac disease. It is suggested that patients with newly diagnosed dermatomyositis be investigated for concomitant celiac disease even in the absence of gastrointestinal symptoms.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

In vivo gluten ingestion in coeliac disease.

Studies to determine the nature of the cereal component toxic to patients with coeliac disease have concentrated on wheat due to its nutritional importance. A number of in vitro studies have indicated the presence of one or more coeliac-disease-activating epitopes with the N terminus of the A gliadin molecule. In vivo challenge with three synthetic peptides subsequently indicated the toxicity of a peptide corresponding to amino acid 31-49 of A gliadin. Changes induced by this peptide included a decrease in the ratio of villous height to crypt depth, a decrease in enterocyte surface cell height and an increase in intra-epithelial lymphocyte count. There was evidence of mRNA for the pro-inflammatory cytokincs interferon gamma and interleukin 2 within 2 h of the in vivo challenge. We examined electron-microscopically biopsies from patients with coeliac disease challenged with gluten to determine the subcellular sites where gliadin co-localised with T-cell receptor subunits and HLA antigens. There were differences in co-localisation patterns between treated and untreated coeliac patients. These differences and the different patterns of gliadin staining within enterocytes of coeliac patients and controls, observed by others, suggest that gliadin may be metabolised via a different immunogenic pathway in coeliac disease. This might result in an abnormal presentation to the immune system, triggering a pathogenic, rather than a tolerogenic response.

Celiac Disease↗

PubMed2000

Alopecia areata and coeliac disease: no effect of a gluten-free diet on hair growth.

BACKGROUND: An association between alopecia areata (AA) and coeliac disease has recently been reported. AIM: The aim of this paper was to evaluate the possible effect of a gluten-free diet (GFD) on the new growth of hair in 5 alopecic patients with CD. METHODS: CD was diagnosed in 5 patients with AA (universalis in 3 cases and patchy in 2 cases). The diagnosis of CD was based on serological and histological standard criteria. RESULTS: In all patients the GFD resolved CD clinically, serologically and histologically but had no effect on the course of alopecia. CONCLUSION: AA and CD, when associated, present different responses to a GFD and have an independent course.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Rapid regression of psoriasis in a coeliac patient after gluten-free diet. A case report and review of the literature.

BACKGROUND: Several skin disorders are present in patients affected by coeliac disease (CD) - among them, psoriasis has been described. However, at present the relationship between CD and psoriasis remains controversial since there are few and contrasting data on this topic. METHOD: Here we describe a case of psoriasis in a CD patient not responding to specific therapies for psoriasis. RESULT: The regression of skin lesions after gluten-free diet (GFD) was evident in a short time. CONCLUSION: The present case supports the association between CD and psoriasis and the concept that psoriasis in CD patients can be improved by GFD. Future studies are needed to clarify the possible mechanisms involved in this association.

Celiac Disease↗

PubMed1990

Adherence to gluten-free diet and serum antigliadin antibodies in celiac disease.

In 134 patients with celiac disease the compliance with a gluten-free diet (GFD) and the presence of antigliadin antibodies (AGA) were evaluated. Compliance with the GFD was good in 71%, moderate in 11% and poor in 18%. High levels of AGA (IgA and IgG) were found in 24.2% of patients with good GFD, in 40% of those with moderate GFD and in 75% of those with poor GFD compliance. Our data suggest that the presence of AGA is correlated with the degree of adherence to the GFD, and that AGA measurement may be of some value in the monitoring of GFD in patients with celiac disease.

Antibodies↗

PubMed1986

Immunoblotting analysis of antigliadin antibodies in the sera of patients with dermatitis herpetiformis and gluten-sensitive enteropathy.

Antigliadin antibodies (AGA) were analyzed by immunoblotting from the sera of 30 patients with dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) and of 13 patients with gluten-sensitive enteropathy (GSE). The results were correlated to the jejunal morphology and to the serum AGA values as quantified with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Immunoblotting analysis disclosed a distinct pattern of AGA which was similar in patients with DH and GSE. In both diseases individual variation in IgG class AGA patterns was large, suggesting that several antigenic determinants are involved in the AGA response. The IgA class AGA pattern was clearly more homogeneous. The sera with several bands in immunoblotting had the highest AGA levels in ELISA. Strong staining in the main gliadin area (bands from 31 to 38 kd) indicated severely damaged intestinal mucosa whereas the serum of DH patients with partial villous atrophy or normal mucosa showed usually weaker staining. The immunoblotting pattern of sera from healthy controls was even weaker but was directed against the same polypeptides as in the patients suggesting a quantitative rather than qualitative difference between healthy and diseased subjects. This difference was, however, more obvious in the IgA than in the IgG class AGA pattern possibly indicating a more fundamental defect in the regulation of synthesis of IgA isotype in DH and GSE.

Animals↗

PubMed1972

HL-A8: a genetic link between dermatitis herpetiformis and gluten-sensitive enteropathy.

Histocompatibility antigen HL-A8 was found in 58% of 26 patients with dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) compared to 24% of a normal group. This difference in antigen frequency is significant at the P < 0.003 level. In a previous study, the frequency of this same genetic marker was found to be significantly increased in patients with gluten-sensitive enteropathy (GSE) (88% in patients vs. 22% in controls). The finding of an increased incidence of the HL-A8 antigen in both DH and GSE supports the concept that these diseases are related and provides a genetic basis for the association between the two.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Primary structure of an allergenic peptide occurring in the chymotryptic hydrolysate of gluten.

An allergenic peptide was isolated from the chymotryptic hydrolysate of gluten by gel filtration and HPLC. The primary structure of the peptide was determined as Ser-Gln-Gln-Gln-Gln- Pro-Pro-Phe-Ser-Gln-Gln-Gln-Pro-Pro-Phe-Ser-Gln-Gln-Gln-Gln-Pro-Pro-Phe- Ser- Gln-Gln-Gln-Gln-Pro-Pro-Phe-Ser-Gln-Gln-Gln-Pro-Pro-Phe. The amino acid sequence similarity shows that the peptide originated from a low-molecular-weight glutenin chain.

Allergens↗

PubMed2001

Orotic acid added to casein, but not to egg protein, soy protein, or wheat gluten diets increases 1,2-diacylglycerol levels and lowers superoxide dismutase activities in rat liver.

Effects of the dietary addition of orotic acid to a diet containing casein as a sole protein source on lipid levels in the liver and serum, activities of antioxidant enzymes in the liver, and some enzyme activities in serum, were compared with other diets containing egg protein, soy protein, or wheat gluten, respectively. 1. The contents in the liver of each lipid were increased by the addition of orotic acid as compared with those values without it. The orotic acid added to the casein diet caused accumulation of more liver total lipids, triacylglycerol, 1,2-diacylglycerol, and phospholipids than those fed three other diets. 2. The addition of orotic acid to the casein, but not to the other three diets, lowered the activities of liver superoxide dismutase and increased the activities of both serum ornithine carbamoyltransferase and alanine aminotransferase. Thus, the significant increase in serum ornithine carbamoyltransferase activities as the marker of liver lesions may result from the marked accumulation of liver lipids, decreased activities of hepatic superoxide dismutase, and the increased level of hepatic 1,2-diacylglycerol, followed by possibly the increased level of superoxide anion and increased activity of protein kinase C in rats fed the casein diet with orotic acid added.

Alanine Transaminase↗

PubMed2001

Fish meal vs. corn gluten meal as a protein source for dry cat food.

To compare the effects of two dietary protein sources, fish meal (FM) and corn gluten meal (CGM), fecal moisture content, nitrogen balance and urinary excretion were examined in adult cats. The dietary protein source did not cause a significant difference in daily food intake, water intake, urine volume, dry matter digestibility or urinary nitrogen excretion, but fecal moisture content was lower (P<0.02) in the CGM group. The HCl-insoluble fraction of urinary sediment tended to be higher in the CGM group (P<0.10), although urinary pH was similar in the two groups. These results suggest that CGM is comparable with FM in respect to nutritional value and the urine acidifying effect, but FM may be preferable to CGM for the prevention of constipation and struvite urolithiasis in cats.

Animal Feed↗

PubMed2006

Clinical benefit of a gluten-free diet in type 1 diabetic children with screening-detected celiac disease: a population-based screening study with 2 years' follow-up.

OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to 1) determine the prevalence of celiac disease in Danish children with type 1 diabetes and 2) estimate the clinical effects of a gluten-free diet (GFD) in patients with diabetes and celiac disease. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: In a region comprising 24% of the Danish population, all patients <16 years old with type 1 diabetes were identified and 269 (89%) were included in the study. The diagnosis of celiac disease was suspected in patients with endomysium and tissue transglutaminase antibodies in serum and confirmed by intestinal biopsy. Patients with celiac disease were followed for 2 years while consuming a GFD. RESULTS: In 28 of 33 patients with celiac antibodies, an intestinal biopsy showed villous atrophy. In 5 patients, celiac disease had been diagnosed previously, giving an overall prevalence of 12.3% (95% CI 8.6-16.9). Patients with celiac disease had a lower SD score (SDS) for height (P < 0.001) and weight (P = 0.002) than patients without celiac disease and were significantly younger at diabetes onset (P = 0.041). A GFD was obtained in 31 of 33 patients. After 2 years of follow-up, there was an increase in weight SDS (P = 0.006) and in children <14 years old an increase in height SDS (P = 0.036). An increase in hemoglobin (P = 0.002) and serum ferritin (P = 0.020) was found, whereas HbA(1c) remained unchanged (P = 0.311) during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: This population-based study showed the highest reported prevalence of celiac disease in type 1 diabetes in Europe. Patients with celiac disease showed clinical improvements with a GFD. We recommend screening for celiac disease in all children with type 1 diabetes.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

A longitudinal study of the effects of a gluten-free diet on glycemic control and weight gain in subjects with type 1 diabetes and celiac disease.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the longitudinal growth characteristics and glycemic control in type 1 diabetic children diagnosed with celiac disease and started on a gluten-free diet (GFD). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Data on growth and glycemic control for 11 case subjects diagnosed with celiac disease (cd(+) group) and started on a GFD were collected prospectively, and two control subjects without celiac disease matched for age, sex, and duration of diabetes (cd(-) group) were selected for comparison. RESULTS: In the period between diagnosis of type 1 diabetes and start of a GFD in the cd(+) compared with the cd(-) group, BMI standard deviation score (SDS) was lower (-0.2 vs. 0.7, P = 0.015), as was HbA(1c) (8.9 vs. 9.8%, P = 0.002). In a regression model the cd(+) group had lower BMI SDS (P < 0.001) and lower HbA(1c) (P = 0.04), independent of other variables. On a GFD, BMI SDS increased by 12 months in the cd(+) group and then was no different than the cd(-) group (1.1 vs. 1.0, P = 0.11), whereas HbA(1c) improved further within case subjects compared with pre-GFD (8.9 vs. 8.3%, P = 0.002). On a GFD, case subjects in contrast to control subjects showed no deterioration in HbA(1c) during the years of puberty (8.3 vs. 10.0%, P = 0.022) CONCLUSIONS: In children with type 1 diabetes, untreated celiac disease resulted in lower BMI SDS and lower HbA(1c). Recovery of BMI SDS with a GFD was associated with further improvement in HbA(1c) as compared with pre-GFD, with no expected deterioration in glycemic control during puberty. These apparent clinical benefits need confirming by larger studies.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

Comparison of corn gluten meal and meat meal as a protein source in dry foods formulated for cats.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the nutritional value of corn gluten meal (CGM) and meat meal (MM) as a dietary source of protein in dry food formulated for adult cats. ANIMALS: 8 healthy adult cats (4 males and 4 females). PROCEDURE: Diets containing CGM or MM as the main protein source were each fed for a 3-week period in a crossover study. Digestibility and nutritional balance experiments were conducted during the last 7 days of each period. Furthermore, freshly voided urine was obtained to measure urinary pH, struvite crystals, and sediment concentrations. RESULTS: Daily food intake and dry-matter digestibility were significantly higher for the MM diet. Fecal moisture content also was higher for the MM diet. Apparent nitrogen (N) absorption and N retention were higher for the MM diet, even when values were expressed as a percentage to account for differences in N intake. Urinary pH, struvite activity product, number of struvite crystals in urine, and urinary sediment concentrations were not different between diets. Retention of calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium was lower for the CGM diet, and cats lost body calcium and magnesium when fed the CGM diet. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Meat meal was superior to CGM as a protein source in dry foods formulated for cats, because dry-matter digestibility and N utilization were higher for the MM diet. In addition, net loss of body calcium and magnesium for the CGM diet suggests that mineral requirements increase when CGM is used as a protein source.

Animal Feed↗

PubMed1990

Long-term effects of corn gluten feed on the reproductive performance and weight of gestating sows.

Corn gluten feed (CGF) was evaluated as the primary energy and protein source for gestating sows. Eighty gravid multiparous Yorkshire x Landrace sows were assigned randomly to three treatment groups for the entire three-parity trial. The gestation treatment diets were 1) corn-soybean meal fed at 1.8 kg/d (control), 2) CGF plus soybean meal fed at 2.3 kg/d (CGF-low) and 3) CGF plus soybean meal fed at 2.6 kg/d (CGF-high). The CGF diets contained 92.2% and 93.7% CGF, respectively. Feeding levels of Diets 2 and 3 were based on the assumption that CGF had 80% and 70% of the net energy value of corn, respectively. All sows had ad libitum access to a conventional corn-soybean meal diet during lactation and were fed 3.2 kg/d during breeding. Intakes of gestation treatment diets were increased 25% during winter months. Based on litter size and weight, the performance of sows fed CGF did not differ from that of the sows fed the control diet. Mean number of pigs at birth and 21 d (weaning) for the three parities were: (control) 10.16, 7.65; (CGF-low) 11.30, 8.44; (CGF-high) 10.73, 8.13, respectively. Pigs from CGF-fed sows were smaller at birth (P less than .05), but subsequent pig weights did not differ. Mean pig birth and 21-d weights for the three parities were: (control) 1.44, 5.18; (CGF-low) 1.30, 4.84; (CGF-high) 1.31, 5.01 kg, respectively. CGF-low sows weighed less (P less than .01) at d 109 of gestation than did the control and CGF-high sows, which did not differ in weight.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animal Feed↗

PubMed1990

Effects of corn vs corn gluten feed on site, extent and ruminal rate of forage digestion and on rate and efficiency of gain.

Three digestion experiments and one growth experiment were conducted to determine site, extent and ruminal rate of forage digestion and rate and efficiency of gain by cattle offered alfalfa haylage supplemented with corn or dry corn gluten feed (CGF). In Exp. 1, eight steers were fed alfalfa haylage-based diets with substitution of corn for 0, 20, 40 or 60% of haylage in a 4 X 4 latin square. Increasing dietary corn substitution increased (P less than .05) OM, NDF and ADF digestion by steers but decreased (P less than .05) rate of in situ alfalfa DM digestion. In Exp. 2, five heifers were fed alfalfa haylage-based diets with increasing dietary levels of CGF in a 5 X 5 latin square. Increasing dietary CGF increased (P less than .05) OM, NDF and ADF digestion by heifers. In Exp. 3 and 4, cattle were fed alfalfa haylage-based diets containing either 20 or 60% corn or CGF. In Exp. 3, supplementation increased (P less than .05) OM and NDF digestion but level X supplement source interaction (P less than .05) occurred, with added CGF increasing OM and NDF digestion more than added corn. In Exp. 4, supplementation improved (P less than .05) DM intake, daily gain and feed efficiency. Dry matter intake and daily gain were greater (P less than .05) for 60% supplementation than for 20% supplementation. Overall, whereas increasing the level of dietary supplement increased (P less than .05) OM, NDF and ADF digestion, only corn addition decreased (P less than .05) rate of in situ alfalfa DM digestion. Daily gains and feed efficiencies were similar in cattle fed either corn or CGF with alfalfa haylage.

Animal Feed↗

PubMed1991

Net energy of ensiled wet corn gluten feed in corn silage diets for finishing steers.

Two trials were conducted to determine the NE value of ensiled wet corn gluten feed (WCGF) in corn silage finishing diets for beef cattle. In Trial 1, 96 Angus-crossbred yearling steers were fed corn silage-based diets containing 0, 20, 40, or 60% ensiled WCGF. Increased dietary WCGF resulted in improved DMI (linear, P less than .05), ADG (linear; P less than .05), and feed/gain (linear, P less than .05). Levels of WCGF had no (P greater than .05) effect on fat thickness, marbling, quality grade, carcass protein, and carcass fat. In Trial 2, four Angus-crossbred yearling steers were used in a 4 x 4 Latin square design to determine the effect of feeding 0, 20, 40, or 60% WCGF on DE and ME values. Level of WCGF had no (P greater than .05) effect on dietary DE and ME values. Regression equations were developed for predicting NEm (Y = 1.51 + .0009X; R2 = .22) and NEg (Y = 1.04 + .0028X; R2 = .35) in which Y = predicted diet NE values in megacalories/kilogram and X = percentage of dietary WCGF. The NEg value increased .06 Mcal/kg for each 20% increase in WCGF. Predicted NEm and NEg values for WCGF are 1.60 and 1.32 Mcal/kg, respectively.

Adipose Tissue↗

PubMed1993

Evaluating two sources of dried whey and the effects of replacing the corn and dried whey component with corn gluten meal and lactose in the diets of weanling swine.

Three experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of replacing corn and dried whey with corn gluten meal (CGM) and lactose, and to evaluate two sources of edible-grade dried whey that elicited different postweaning pig growth performances. In Exp. 1, two corn-soybean meal (C-SBM) diets without or with 20% dried whey (C-SBM-DW) were formulated to contain 1.15% lysine. A third diet replaced the corn and dried whey component with CGM and lactose. The experiment used 108 crossbred pigs weaned at 23 +/- 2 d of age weighing 6.25 kg BW and was conducted in six replicates as a randomized complete block design. Pig weight gains when the C-SBM-DW diet was fed were poor in one trial, whereas a second trial resulted in improved (P < .01) performance responses to the inclusion of dried whey. The CGM-SBM-lactose diet resulted in pig gains that equaled the performance responses of the C-SBM-DW diet of Trial 2. A second experiment was subsequently designed to evaluate the effects of adding lactose or lactalbumin to the CGM-SBM-DW diets using the two dried whey sources that had been identified as good or poor quality in Exp. 1. Diets included dried whey at a 25% level and were formulated to a low lysine level (.95%) to assess the nutritional efficacy of the dried whey sources.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Amino Acids↗

PubMed1994

Effects of replacing milk and soybean products with wheat glutens on digestibility of nutrients and growth performance in nursery pigs.

Three experiments were conducted to determine the nutritional value of wheat gluten (WG) for weanling pigs. In Exp. 1, 72 pigs (4.2 kg average BW) were used in a N metabolism experiment. Treatments were 1) casein-corn-based control; 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6) Diet 1 with flash-dried WG, spray-dried WG, two enzyme-modified (to increase solubility) WG, and soybean meal (SBM) used to replace casein, respectively. The diet with casein had the greatest apparent N digestibility and apparent biological value (P < .002), and diets with WG had greater apparent N digestibility than the diet with SBM (P < .01). In Exp. 2, 180 pigs (5.6 kg average BW) were used. Treatments for d 0 to 14 were 1) dried skim milk (DSM)-dried whey-SBM-based control; 2, 3, 4 and 5) Diet 1 with the DSM replaced by lactose and flash-dried, spray-dried, and enzyme-modified WG (ModWG), and soybean protein isolate (SPI), respectively. All pigs were fed a common diet from d 14 to 35. For d 0 to 14, pigs fed diets with WG had greater gain/feed than those fed SPI (P < .01), and for d 14 to 35, pigs fed spray-dried WG and ModWG had greater ADG (P < .04) than pigs fed flash-dried WG. In Exp. 3, 180 pigs (5.7 kg average BW) were used. Treatments for d 0 to 14 were 1) DSM-dried whey-SBM-based control; 2) spray-dried WG and lactose replacing DSM; and 3) spray-dried WG replacing SBM.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animal Feed↗