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PubMed2000

Planning documents: a business planning strategy.

Strategic planning and business plan development are essential nursing management skills in today's competitive, fast paced, continually changing health care environment. Even in times of great uncertainty, nurse managers need to plan and forecast for the future. A well-written business plan allows nurse managers to communicate their expertise and proactively contribute to the programmatic decisions and changes occurring within their patient population or service area. This article presents the use of planning documents as a practical, strategic business planning strategy. Although the model addresses orthopedic services specifically, nurse managers can gain an understanding and working knowledge of planning concepts that can be applied to all patient populations.

Commerce↗
PubMed2004

Experience of King Abdul-Aziz City for science and technology in funding medical research in Saudi Arabia.

Funding scientific research is important for accelerating the progress of science and technology, to fulfill the development objectives of the country. King Abdul-Aziz City for Science and Technology (KACST) was established in 1977 to support and promote applied scientific research and coordinate the activities of the scientific research institutions and centers in line with requirements of development plans of the Kingdom. King Abdul-Aziz City for Science and Technology also cooperates with other concerned institutions in formulating strategies and national policies for the development of science and technology. King Abdul-Aziz City for Science and Technology has started several research grants programs, which include; Annual General Grants Program, National Grants Program, Limited Grants Program, Humanities Grants Program, Graduate Students Grants Program and Production Sectors Grants Program for the promotion of science and technology in the Kingdom. The process of funding follows a systematic scientific mechanism based on predetermined research priorities. Selection of the research proposals is accomplished on the basis of strict scientific criteria. The funding of medical research projects is considered most important among all scientific fields, as these are related to human health. The medical field is classified into specific sub fields constituting the major branches of medicine. Since 1979, KACST has funded 430 medical research projects at an estimated cost of 185.9 million Saudi Riyals representing approximately 31.2% of the grants total funding. King Abdul-Aziz City for Science and Technology puts much emphasis on publishing results obtained from the research projects through different channels. Seven hundred and thirty-eight scientific papers have been published in all fields whereas 243 research papers out of them are in the medical field. This paper highlights the establishment, aims and tasks associated with KACST. Also, the paper reviews research funding by KACST grants programs with a focus on funded medical research projects and publications of research papers originating from different funded projects.

Biomedical Research↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Applying management strategies in molecular epidemiology field studies.

In conducting field studies of human exposure, we have encountered significant methodological challenges. The management strategy our group developed to conduct two recent studies of environmental health utilizes a collaborative study design process and innovative protocol management tools, and emphasizes community outreach. We present here the phases of planning, development and realization of two studies--one conducted in an environmentally contaminated area, and another in an occupational setting. We show how the use of this management strategy increases the efficiency of field operations and improves variability assessment.

Bulgaria↗
PubMed2002

National Athletic Trainers' Association Position Statement: Exertional Heat Illnesses.

OBJECTIVE: To present recommendations for the prevention, recognition, and treatment of exertional heat illnesses and to describe the relevant physiology of thermoregulation. BACKGROUND: Certified athletic trainers evaluate and treat heat-related injuries during athletic activity in "safe" and high-risk environments. While the recognition of heat illness has improved, the subtle signs and symptoms associated with heat illness are often overlooked, resulting in more serious problems for affected athletes. The recommendations presented here provide athletic trainers and allied health providers with an integrated scientific and practical approach to the prevention, recognition, and treatment of heat illnesses. These recommendations can be modified based on the environmental conditions of the site, the specific sport, and individual considerations to maximize safety and performance. RECOMMENDATIONS: Certified athletic trainers and other allied health providers should use these recommendations to establish on-site emergency plans for their venues and athletes. The primary goal of athlete safety is addressed through the prevention and recognition of heat-related illnesses and a well-developed plan to evaluate and treat affected athletes. Even with a heat-illness prevention plan that includes medical screening, acclimatization, conditioning, environmental monitoring, and suitable practice adjustments, heat illness can and does occur. Athletic trainers and other allied health providers must be prepared to respond in an expedient manner to alleviate symptoms and minimize morbidity and mortality.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1989

The postgraduate medical informatics programme at the University of Cape Town.

The Medical Informatics education programme at the University of Cape Town was developed as part of the postgraduate education programme run by the Department of Biomedical Engineering. The aim of the programme is twofold: a) To give students a broad background in Medical Informatics, to enable them to participate in the development, planning and management of information systems to support health care in South Africa, and b) To enable them to do a research project in a specialised area, thus learning research techniques, and contributing to the development of Medical Informatics as a discipline. Students benefit from participating in a postgraduate programme in a multidisciplinary department, which is firmly linked to the health care environment. A more specialised Medical Informatics programme is planned, but the multidisciplinary nature of work in this field will continue to be emphasised.

Biomedical Engineering↗
PubMed1994

Management of a self-immolation victim: a nursing challenge in burn care.

This article presents a case study of a 19-year-old man who was a self-inflicted immolation victim. The medical and psychologic issues that developed, and the nursing interventions that were used are also described. Additional issues explored include the effects the patient had on the burn team and the unique action plan developed by the team.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Strategic planning for hotel operations: The Ritz-Carlton Hotel Company (Part I).

The Ritz-Carlton Hotel Company won the Malcolm Baldridge National Quality Award in 1992. One key to its success is its strategic planning process. This two-part article reviews the Ritz-Carlton's approach to strategic planning. In particular, it describes (1) the role of senior leadership in the planning process and (2) the specific activities that are associated with plan development and implementation.

Australia↗
PubMed1996

Cornerstone: Illinois' approach to service integration.

Cornerstone is a management information system developed and implemented by the Illinois Department of Public Health as a mechanism to facilitate maternal and child health service integration. Its design features combined program registration, standardized risk assessment, automated care plan development, and consolidated referral and scheduling. Cornerstone is a flexible, PC- and local area network-based system, allowing portability across program applications and geographic areas. A wide-area network enables local agencies to share data about clients. Development of Cornerstone was a collaborative effort by potential Cornerstone users and statewide administrative staff. The standard for equipment is set at a one-to-one ratio of workstations to case managers.

Computer Systems↗
PubMed1993

Implementing supported housing in state and local mental health systems.

The Ohio Department of Mental Health has aggressively promoted the development of supported housing--affordable, permanent community housing along with a system of needed support services--for adults with serious mental illness. The authors outline the development of supported housing programs by the state and by Franklin County, Ohio, beginning in the mid-1980s. The county's program, implemented mainly through the county authority for substance abuse and mental health services and a separate nonprofit housing corporation, was assisted by a major grant and loan from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Program on Chronic Mental Illness, federal Section 8 housing certificates, and special grants from the Ohio Department of Mental Health. Both the state and the county formulated and followed comprehensive housing development plans. Both entities used creative financing mechanisms, including leveraging, to bring in additional public and private funds, and they worked to involve consumers and families in formulating policies and developing services.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed2005

Development of an on-line bioterrorism preparedness course.

To reach a large audience of public health workers and others interested in learning more about bioterrorism and emergency preparedness, an on-line, Web-based, certificated course entitled "Terrorism, Preparedness and Public Health: An Introduction" was planned, developed, and implemented. Interactivity and other user-friendly devices helped it gain acceptance. To date (May 2005), more than 6,000 people from all 50 states and some foreign countries have registered for the course, and about 2,400 have passed an exam for a certificate of completion. We believe the success of this course is related to the strength and accuracy of the content and its historical perspective; to the quality of the technical development, including multiple levels of interactivity, ease of use, and a printed completion certificate; and to the use of real case studies and the lack of dramatic overstatement.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1992

Revitalizing executive information systems.

As the saying goes, "garbage in, garbage out"--and this is as true for executive information systems as for any other computer system. Crockett presents a methodology he has used with clients to help them develop more useful systems that produce higher quality information. The key is to develop performance measures based on critical success factors and stakeholder expectations and then to link them cross functionally to show how progress is being made on strategic goals. Feedback from the executive information system then informs strategy formulation, business plan development, and operational activities.

Data Collection↗
PubMed1997

An integration programme of poverty alleviation and development with family planning.

The State Council (the central government) recently issued a Circular for Speeding Up the Integration of Poverty Alleviation and Development with the Family Planning Programme during the Ninth Five-year Plan (1996-2000). The Circular was jointly submitted by the State Family Planning Commission and the Leading Group for Poverty Alleviation and Development. The document sets the two major tasks as solving the basic needs for food and clothing of the rural destitute and the control of over-rapid growth of China's population. Practice indicates that a close Integration Programme is the best way for impoverished farmers to alleviate poverty and become better-off. Overpopulation and low educational attainments and poor health quality of population in backward areas are the major factors retarding socioeconomic development. Therefore, it is inevitable to integrate poverty alleviation with family planning. It is a path with Chinese characteristics for a balanced population and sustainable socioeconomic development. The targets of the Integration Programme are as follows: The first is that preferential policies should be worked out to guarantee family planning acceptors, especially households with an only daughter or two daughters, are the first to be helped to eradicate poverty and become well-off. They should become good examples for other rural poor in practicing fewer but healthier births, and generating family income. The second target is that the population plans for the poor counties identified by the central government and provincial governments must be fulfilled. This should contribute to breaking the vicious circle of poverty leading to more children, in turn generating more poverty. The circular demands that more efforts should focus on the training of cadres for the Integrated Programme and on services for poor family planning acceptors.

Asia↗
PubMed2003

Capacity development for health research in Pakistan: the effects of doctoral training.

Capacity development for health research has been promoted in developing countries for many years, especially by international aid agencies. In Pakistan the government has been investing substantial funds in the development of a critical mass of scientists in the country. This paper represents the first attempt in Pakistan to assess the impact of capacity development efforts in health research. The study surveyed 54 Pakistani researchers who were sent for doctoral training to institutions out of the country on funded programmes in the past three decades. The 50 male and four female respondents had an average of 5.7 years of job experience prior to being sent for training and the average duration of training per person was 4 years. The average reported expenditure directly given to the trainees was US dollars 35300 (1995 US dollars) per person. These researchers had an average of 15 publications per person, while they have trained an average of nine students per researcher since return to Pakistan. The respondents indicated a lack of academic liberty and incentives to sustain their research efforts, and recommended autonomy in work and provision of facilities to stimulate their contributions. This study reflects the complex issues facing highly trained researchers who have returned to Pakistan and are attempting to pursue their careers. Their contributions in terms of writing papers, teaching students and policy involvement are important for assessing capacity development efforts. Comparative data from other developing nations is severely lacking for cross-country analysis. Such evaluations are critical to develop plans for the reduction of the 10/90 gap in health research investments.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Standardized care plans: experiences of nurses in Taiwan.

BACKGROUND: Nursing care plans have been viewed as structured plans of action for patient care. Studies have investigated the outcomes or effectiveness of using different types of care plans, but have seldom reported nurses' perceptions of using care plans in daily practice. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to explore nurses' experiences using a standardized care plan. DESIGN: Nineteen clinical nurses at a teaching hospital in Taiwan were interviewed one-on-one and in depth from April to June 2000. Data analysis was based on Miles and Huberman's data reduction, data display, and a conclusion verification process to identify themes and concepts that represented nurses' experiences using a care plan. RESULTS: The following themes emerged from the interview data: being reminded of care procedures, time-saving in making care plans, time-consuming in making shift reports, undesirable content design, and paperwork-oriented/not patient-centered. CONCLUSION: With the considerable amounts of money spent on education and training to meet nurses' needs, a careful examination of nurses' experiences in using care plans, should assist in care plan development and lead to observable effects on patient care. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Nursing documentation reflects nurses' observations, assessments, and interventions. It is expected that better use of standardized care plans will enhance nurses' access to appropriate and accurate information in decision-making, thus improving the charting process and care quality.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[National Health Care Plan for Austria: development and critical considerations].

Compared to health services in other countries in the world, the Austrian health care system works relatively well. At the moment it is shaped and dominated by various structures, decision makers and financial backers, which means that it does not work as well as it could under ideal circumstances. The government now wants to develop a national health care plan which, in a concerted action by all those involved in the health service, shall guarantee superior medical care while at the same time taking into account economic aspects. This paper takes a critical look at the idea of an Austrian health care plan from a clinical point of view.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Hospitals and medical staffs: the concept of planning takes on new meaning.

Broad trends in health care are redefining medical staff planning. Hospital CEOs are recognizing the critical need to involve their physicians in hospital strategic planning at many levels. Gone are the days when it was sufficient to invite medical staff members to annual planning retreats and add individual physicians to boards; hospitals that thrive in the 1990s will be those that have created strong strategic links with their physicians. At the same time, medical staff development planning is changing in important ways. Recent federal government alerts on fraud and abuse and inurement in physician-recruiting activities are leading hospitals to document community benefit in their recruitment efforts. And hospital executives now realize that changes in the physician market will require them to plan carefully in order to ensure a strong base of primary care and other much-needed physicians. These two trends present CEOs with multilayered challenges. Following are reports on what leading-edge hospitals are doing in both areas.

Community-Institutional Relations↗
PubMed1997

Gene therapy: current and future implications for oncology nursing practice.

OBJECTIVES: To provide oncology nurses with the basic concepts of gene therapy related to cancer and to outline their practice roles. DATA SOURCE: Published professional articles, clinical protocols, and textbooks. CONCLUSION: Oncology nurses will need to become knowledgeable about the methods and applications of gene therapy for cancer to participate in clinical trials and to develop relevant nursing development plans. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: Advances in genetic testing and gene therapies will extend oncology nursing roles in direct patient care, education, advocacy, provision of genetic services, and nursing research. Oncology nurses will also participate in dialogue and development of social policies with regard to the safety, ethical, and social issues related to cancer gene therapy.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1996

Multi-fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy.

Precision and accuracy of a patient's treatment are key advantages of single-fraction stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for arteriovenous malformations (AVMS) and some small brain metastases. These advantages are equally valuable in fractionated treatment of the pituitary, brain metastases and brain boost fields. The need to implement the preciseness from stereotactic radiosurgery to fractionated treatments was recognized. Using our experience with single-fraction stereotactic radiosurgery as a model, we developed a multi-fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy technique that allows us to immobilize a patient daily and implement important existing devices such as the Brown-Roberts-Wells (BRW) angiographic localizer, CT scan localizer, and non-coplanar shaped field treatment planning. Development of this technique also allows us to achieve reproducible patient positioning based on immobilization techniques using polyurethane foam immobilization and heat moldable plastic technology without the necessity of the invasive technique of skull fixation. The development, implementation and dosimetry of this technique will be discussed in this paper.

Humans↗