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Results for “DENTAL PULP”

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At least 829 records · Page 46Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Increased prostaglandin I2 and thromboxane A2 production by rat dental pulp after intravenous administration of endotoxin.

The effect of systemic endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli 0111:B4) on prostaglandin I2 (PGI2) and thromboxane A2 (TXA2) production by rat dental pulp was investigated. Intravenous injection of endotoxin increased ex vivo production of both PGI2 and TXA2 by the pulp tissue, when determined by radioimmunoassay. A significant effect on PGI2 and TXA2 production was observed with endotoxin doses of greater than 2 and 0.4 mg/kg, respectively. A significant increase was also observed at 30 min after injection of 10 mg/kg endotoxin, reaching a maximum after 60 min for both PG and TX production. Endotoxin (10 mg/kg for 60 min) also increased TXA2 but not PGI2 production in lung tissue, but had no effect in jejunal tissue. Indomethacin (10 microM) completely inhibited PGI2 and TXA2 production by the pulp of physiological saline- and endotoxin-treated rats. Further, arachidonic acids (10 microM) significantly increased PG and TX production by the pulp of saline- but not of endotoxin-treated rats. Endotoxin (100 micrograms/ml) had no in vitro effect on PG or TX production when incubated with isolated pulp, lung and jejunal tissues, suggesting that the endotoxin-induced increases in PG and TX production are an indirect effect. The endotoxin-induced increase in TXA2 production, but not in PGI2 production, by the pulp tissue was significantly suppressed by WEB 2170, a platelet-activating factor (PAF) antagonist. These results indicate that arachidonate metabolism in pulp tissue is susceptible to endotoxaemia in comparison with the lung and jejunum, and further suggest that the endotoxin-induced increase in, at least, TXA2 production by the pulp is mediated by PAF.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[The evaluation of dental pulp circulation using photoplethysmography].

Photoplethysmography is a technique for investigating changes in tissue opacity. Applied on human teeth it demonstrated the changes occurring in dental pulp circulation during different conditions as deep inspiration, Valsalva maneuver, cooling and compression. It is suggested that the photoplethysmography can be used as a vitality test for human teeth especially after recent traumas and orthodontic treatments.

Dental Pulp↗
PubMed1999

Cytotoxicity of a trial resin composite liner containing TiK2F6 on rat dental pulp cells.

The aim of this study was to assess the toxicological responses of a resin composite containing TiK2F6 and NaF in rat dental pulp cells. Trial resin composite liners were made, containing 3 wt% fluorides (TiK2F6 or NaF). These specimens were immersed in 5 ml of cell culture medium supplemented at 37 degrees C for 24 hours. The eluates were used for the experiments. We judged the cytotoxicity of the samples by the cell viability. The original elute solution was serially diluted and then the medium was exchanged for the dilute medium. The cell viability at 1, 2 or 5 days after commencement of re-culturing was calculated. The viability of cells in the eluate from the resin composite liners containing TiK2F6 and NaF decreased with time. The cytotoxicity of TiK2F6 was weaker than that of NaF at all times.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Stem cell properties of human dental pulp stem cells.

In this study, we characterized the self-renewal capability, multi-lineage differentiation capacity, and clonogenic efficiency of human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). DPSCs were capable of forming ectopic dentin and associated pulp tissue in vivo. Stromal-like cells were reestablished in culture from primary DPSC transplants and re-transplanted into immunocompromised mice to generate a dentin-pulp-like tissue, demonstrating their self-renewal capability. DPSCs were also found to be capable of differentiating into adipocytes and neural-like cells. The odontogenic potential of 12 individual single-colony-derived DPSC strains was determined. Two-thirds of the single-colony-derived DPSC strains generated abundant ectopic dentin in vivo, while only a limited amount of dentin was detected in the remaining one-third. These results indicate that single-colony-derived DPSC strains differ from each other with respect to their rate of odontogenesis. Taken together, these results demonstrate that DPSCs possess stem-cell-like qualities, including self-renewal capability and multi-lineage differentiation.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed2003

Blood-flow change and recovery of sensibility in the maxillary dental pulp after a single-segment Le Fort I osteotomy.

OBJECTIVE: To examine blood-flow change and recovery of sensibility in the dental pulp of maxillary incisors in patients undergoing a single-segment Le Fort I osteotomy. STUDY DESIGN: Fifty-four maxillary incisors in 14 patients were examined preoperatively and at 1 to 7 days, 14 days, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months postoperatively. The pulpal blood flow (PBF) was measured by laser Doppler flowmetry, and the pulpal sensibility (PS) was investigated by electrodiagnostics. RESULTS: The mean PBF dropped to its lowest value at 1 day postoperatively and subsequently increased except for a temporary drop on day 4. The PS was negative in all the examined teeth from 1 day to 14 days after surgery. Subsequently, the rate of the teeth with positive PS increased. At 3 months postoperatively, the PS recovered in half of the examined teeth. The PBF value on day 1 was significantly higher in the teeth with positive PS at 3 months postoperatively than in those with negative PS at 3 months postoperatively. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the decrease of the PBF in the maxillary incisors on 1 day after a single-segment Le Fort I osteotomy may affect the recovery of the PS in the short term after surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Detection of interleukin-8 in exudates from normal and inflamed human dental pulp tissues.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of IL-8 in exudates clinically obtained from normal and inflamed human dental pulp tissues so as to reveal the possible relationship between IL-8 and pulpitis. METHODS: Samples of 2 microliters of pulpal exudate from each normal or clinically diagnosed as acute or chronic pulpitis teeth was obtained by filter paper strips and IL-8 level was measured by ELISA method. RESULTS: No IL-8 was detected in the samples from normal pulp, but significant amount of IL-8 appeared in inflamed pulp tissues, and the level of IL-8 in exudates of acute stage of pulpitis was higher than that of chronic stage (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that IL-8 is produced and accumulated in pulp inflammation and may play a role in the occurrence and development of human pulpitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2004

Effect of Carisolv on the human dental pulp: a histological study.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate histopathologically after 1 week and 1 month the effect of Carisolv on exposed human pulp after a contact period of 10 min in comparison to sterile saline solution. METHODS: Class V cavities were prepared in 40 human first premolars, and the pulp chambers were perforated. The pulp tissue was either exposed to Carisolv or sterile saline solution for 10 min, covered with Teflon and restored with compomer filling material. After observation periods of 1 week and 1 month, the teeth were extracted and examined by light microscopy. RESULTS: Histological evaluation revealed similar pulpal response which consisted of a slight inflammation in both groups after 1 week. The only difference was localized haemorrhage in controls while no haemorrhage was observed in the test group which may show the haemostatic effect of Carisolv. After 1 month the test teeth displayed a very mild inflammation adjacent to the perforation area while haemorrhage disappeared in the controls. In general, pulps showed structural integrity in both groups. Statistical analysis showed no difference between the test and the control groups in both test periods. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that Carisolv is biocompatible with human pulp tissue and may have a haemostatic effect.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Dental pulp histology observed by scanning electron microscopy.

This article describes the appearance of routine decalcified and paraffin-embedded histologic sections of the human dental pulp as observed with the scanning electron microscope (SEM). The tissue sections were cut at 12 mum in order to increase the three-dimensional effect. The technique was particularly successful in revealing the three-dimensional structure of pulpal blood vessels and nervous tissue. Possible interodontoblastic attachments were revealed at x10,000.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Rapid determination of dry weight in human dental pulp by a colorimetric reaction.

This study was designed to assess total carbohydrate (TC) concentration, as well as the noncollagenous protein content, in human dental pulp. Pulps were obtained from eight premolars (13.10 +/- 4.33 mg weight, mean +/- SD) and homogenized in saline solution. TC content was as follows: 16.68 +/- 9.49 micrograms/mg of tissue (mean +/- SD); 3.22 +/- 1.69 ng of TC/mg protein (mean +/- SD); and 16.23 +/- 6.80 micrograms of TC/mg total organic material (mean +/- SD). The high concentration of carbohydrates observed in the pulp is a result of the presence of glycoproteins, glycosaminoglycans (chondroitin-6-sulfate, heparan sulfate, hyaluronic acid, and dermatan sulfate), and proteoglycans, whose structural, biochemical, and physiological functions have been well documented. Dry weight determination using dichromate solution was used because it shows less dispersion than when the data on carbohydrates and proteins are expressed as wet weight.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Postnatal human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in vitro and in vivo.

Dentinal repair in the postnatal organism occurs through the activity of specialized cells, odontoblasts, that are thought to be maintained by an as yet undefined precursor population associated with pulp tissue. In this study, we isolated a clonogenic, rapidly proliferative population of cells from adult human dental pulp. These DPSCs were then compared with human bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs), known precursors of osteoblasts. Although they share a similar immunophenotype in vitro, functional studies showed that DPSCs produced only sporadic, but densely calcified nodules, and did not form adipocytes, whereas BMSCs routinely calcified throughout the adherent cell layer with clusters of lipid-laden adipocytes. When DPSCs were transplanted into immunocompromised mice, they generated a dentin-like structure lined with human odontoblast-like cells that surrounded a pulp-like interstitial tissue. In contrast, BMSCs formed lamellar bone containing osteocytes and surface-lining osteoblasts, surrounding a fibrous vascular tissue with active hematopoiesis and adipocytes. This study isolates postnatal human DPSCs that have the ability to form a dentin/pulp-like complex.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Identification of bradykinin, substance P, and neurokinin A in human dental pulp.

Methodology was developed that uses reverse phase, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to identify and quantify bradykinin, substance P, and neurokinin A contained in dental pulp tissue. Pulp tissue was prepared and homogenized from teeth frozen in liquid nitrogen, Known amounts of three substances found in inflamed tissue were added to the homogenized tissue and also to bovine serum albumin (BSA) (positive control), and supernatants were analyzed using HPLC. Other pulp tissue was prepared and analyzed without the addition of the substances. Recovery from the pulp and BSA with added substances was similar, with bradykinin recovered maximally. In pulp tissue without additions, all three substances were recovered. Thus HPLC appears to be a viable alternative to other methods for identification of these substances and allows for their quantification.

Animals↗