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PubMed1976

[A new method of characterization of blood viscosity].

With a viscosity hematocrite-shear rate relation etare1 = eta (c, psi), which fits several data, one can define, for blood characterization a set of parameters, directly related to red cell deformation and aggregation.

Blood Viscosity↗
PubMed1989

Blood viscosity in phocid seals: possible adaptations to diving.

1. Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) of phocid seal red blood cells (RBC) are elevated compared to those of most terrestrial mammalian species. The influence of these characteristics on blood flow was revealed by viscosity (VIS) measurements. 2. RBC morphology and VIS of whole blood from 7 harbor seals and 5 northern elephant seals were compared with blood of the domestic pig. Samples were analysed for RBC count, white blood cell (WBC) count, total plasma proteins, hematocrit (HCT), MCV and MCHC. Viscosity measurements were made at shear rates from 11.5 to 230.4 s-1 on a Wells-Brookfield cone-plate viscometer at 37 degrees C. 3. Mean values for HCT (%), MCV (micron 3) and MCHC (%) were, respectively: elephant seal: 57, 176, 44; harbour seal: 53, 105, 38; domestic pig: 28, 54, 34. Pig blood was reconstituted to match seal blood HCTs. VIS determinations showed that seal and pig blood conform to the general mammalian dependence of VIS upon shear rate and HCT. 4. Seal blood VIS was 28% (harbour seal) and 16% (elephant seal) less than pig blood VIS at low shear (P less than 0.05). Seal blood carried more hemoglobin per unit volume than did pig blood reconstituted to the same HCT. Fewer, larger RBC with higher MCHC, and hence elevated oxygen storage, accompanied by reduced VIS and reduced flow resistance near stasis suggests that this feature of phocid seal blood is an adaptation to circulatory redistribution during long dives.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1975

[Measurement of blood viscosity using a rotatory viscosimeter with coaxial cylinders].

The authors describe a microviscosimeter with coaxial cylinders which requires only a small volume of sample. They draw up formulae permitting to obtain in a simplified way, fluid rheograms, in particular for biological fluids. Furthermore, they consider the use of this viscosimeter for the study of the rheological properties of blood and plasma. Thus, at 30 degrees C, the plasma and serum have a newtonian behaviour, whilst the viscosity of total blood depends mainly on the hematocrit and the rate of shearing. One may thus verify Casson's law (tau 1/2 = tauo 1/2 + S gamma 1/2) which represents approximately the rheological equation of normal blood and permits one to calculate a threshold for viscous outflow.

Blood Viscosity↗