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At least 829 records · Page 46Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Medical sociology: a personal fifty year perspective.

This paper reviews the author's experience in becoming a medical sociologist before the field had become formalized. The contributions to medical sociology of sociologist Selden D. Bacon and physician and medical educator William R. Willard are described. The relationship of medical sociology to medical behavioral science, as experienced at the University of Kentucky, is discussed. Finally, the thesis of the author's 1957 paper on the nature and status of medical sociology is re-examined.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed2006

The poetry of science.

During the past year, I have taken part in an experiment in which I have been the experimental animal. I was awarded a fellowship that gave me the opportunity to take a sabbatical from science and spend a year in the School of Literature and Creative Writing at the University of East Anglia. The School of Literature and Creative Writing is internationally renowned, and past students include household names such as Ian McEwan, Kazuo Ishiguro, Trezza Azzopardi and Tracy Chevalier. I have a keen interest in creative writing and had written a few short stories. This was a formidable but thrilling challenge. During my adventure, I realized that, in many ways, I was coming home.

Communication↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A brief history of immunotoxicology and a review of the pharmaceutical guidelines.

This article provides a brief history of the development of the field of immunotoxicology from one individual perspective and separates the discussion into five phases: the methods development and validation phase; the compound testing phase; the many meetings and organization of the specialty section phase; the mechanistic studies phase; and the guidelines phase. During the discussion of each phase, major highlights, accomplishments, contributors and key references are provided. The immunotoxicology guidelines for the testing of pharmaceutical chemical entities across the three major geographic axes are also presented and compared, along with some of the concerns raised by industry with these guidelines. The mandatory requirement of functional tests represents the major concern and difference between the Committee of Proprietary Medicinal Products (CPMP) and the new Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidance. The scientific basis for the recommendation of the functional tests proposed in the guidance documents based on National Institute of Environmental Health and Safety/National Toxicology Program (NIEHS/NTP)-sponsored studies is described. Experience at Sanofi-Synthelabo, with the testing of 29 new chemical drug entities developed across a broad range of therapeutic classes using this testing paradigm and functional tests to define their immunotoxic potential, yielded a low number of compounds (6.8%) that produced any abnormal reaction. The two positive compounds might have been anticipated based on their pharmacology.

Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions↗